During the twentieth century, Ireland was suffering through a time of economic hardship. “Economic growth was stagnant, unemployment was at a historic high and exceeded anywhere in the EU, except possibly Spain, and the state was one of the most indebted in the world” . Irish men and women who had received a formal education had immigrated to other nations due to the unavailability of jobs at home. This left Ireland in a state of further economic downfall, and the lack of skilled workers left Ireland stuck. The 1990’s were a turning point for Ireland. A rise in industry within the nation, as well as an increase in exports, led Ireland to become the “shining nation” in Europe. It became internationally linked with one of the biggest power nations, the United States, and international trade became Ireland’s new source for a booming economy. This brought the rise of what was known as the Celtic Tiger in Ireland.
The Celtic Tiger was a label put on the Irish economy during the 1990’s. It was a new image for Ireland, one that mirrored the Asian Tiger in that it was young, vibrant and well educated as well. It also brought Ireland the idea of higher wages and lower taxes . This new identity was one in which set Ireland apart for the first time ever. This paper will look at the 1990’s phenomenon of the Celtic Tiger and how it shaped Ireland and its links with East Asia and the United States.
During the twentieth century, the world began to develop the idea of economic trade. Beginning in the 1960’s, the four Asian Tigers, Hong Kong, Singapore, South Korea and Taiwan, demonstrated that a global economy, which was fueled by an import and export system with other countries, allowed the economy of the home country itself to flourish. Th...
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... low paying and men with higher paying jobs. It was further broken when industries came into the nation and were exposed to low taxes. Because of this, homeowners were taxed more in order to make up for this loss of taxation in industry. Also, the import of foreign industry into Ireland took away from indigenous business causing them to make little to no wages forcing them out of business. Lastly, the large industries that were now becoming prosperous in Ireland were not beneficial to Ireland itself. Instead of reinvesting profits from large industries throughout the nation back into Ireland’s economy, these profits were going back into the foreign nations, such as the United States. Therefore, although the Celtic Tiger seemed to thrive throughout the 1990’s, economic downfall was inevitable and Ireland returned to almost the same state as before this decade began.
Bentley, J., & Ziegler, H. (2008). Trade and encounters a global perspective on the past. (4th ed., Vol. 1, pp. 182-401). New York: McGraw-Hill.
In the mid 1800s the course of Irish history was changed forever. The Irish were devastated by The Great Potato Famine of the mid to late 1800s. Population declined from over eight million people in 1840 to under 4.5 million in 1900 due to death and immigration (O’Rourke 2). The poorer Irish people, unlike many British citizens, relied almost entirely on agriculture. The Irish immigration not only affected Ireland and Britain, but its affects were felt over much of the world, including the United States. The famine had a significant effect on the future of Irish history including Home Rule legislation, The Easter Uprising of 1916, and the eventual creation of an Irish free state in the early twentieth century.
Ireland has a very conflicted history. Just when that history may seem to take a turn for the better, it seems that there is always another event to keep the trend of depression ongoing. The separation of the Protestant and Catholic Church would be the center of these events. However, the two different groups could potentially work together for the betterment of the nation. Through an analysis of why Protestants and Catholics split in the first place, disadvantages that Catholics would face in the coming years and also how these disadvantages were lifted, an argument will be developed in that there is perhaps the chance that they may end up working together in the future for the betterment of Ireland. Although these two groups would fight over the countless decades, they need to join into one entity if they wish to see a better future for Ireland.
The “New Ireland” emerged in the 1990s’ when the country experienced an economic-cultural boom in which it was transformed from one of Europe's poorer countries into one of its wealthiest.
“It began with a blight of the potato crop that left acre upon acre of Irish farmland covered with black rot.”(The Irish Famine, 1) This of course is in reference to the Irish Famine. The Irish Famine was another cause of the tensions in Ireland. As crops across Ireland failed, the price of food soared. This made it impossible for Irish farmers to sell there goods, the good which the farmers relied upon to pay their rent to their English and Protestant landlords.
The Irish and British governments fought for many years over the ownership of Northern Ireland. Britain had main control over Northern Ireland, and Ireland did not think that was fair. Be...
In Our group essay we are going to analyzing the state of Ireland’s economy, from before the Celtic tiger through to the here and now and what the future holds for the citizens of the state. This topic is a heavily discussed in todays news and has been for quite some time. From an economic perspective we will look at what caused the problems to occur and who was responsible. We will delve into the implications in which the bad decision-making has cost the public and economy at present. We will look at how this could have been prevented and what lessons can be learned from the mistakes for future generations.
... products (beef and dairy products). This is expected to grow in the next few years as many large Irish companies are taking interest in this. That is a good thing because Ireland’s coasts have been nearly out fished because of drastic over fishing in the mid 90’s. In order to fully support itself, it will need larger agricultural programs and less reliance on outside food sources. One of the biggest hit sectors of Ireland’s economy is the construction sector. Because of the snowballing effects of the Irish poverty bubble popping, the backing crisis, and the overall unemployment, many people simply cannot afford to build new homes or even renovate existing homes.
‘The Celtic Tiger’ was the term used by Irish people to describe the rapid growth Ireland was witnessing. Ireland was referred to as ‘Europe’s shining light’ since the start of the Celtic Tiger. It had only been 10 years prior to this that Ireland had been branded as the’ poorest of the rich’ in Europe (Ireland shines, 1997). Open-minded industrial policy targeted MNC (Multi National Companies) to locate in Ireland around 1987. The government had decided Ireland would become a knowledge based, export driven economy. After the 90’s Ireland witnessed major growth and Irelands harsh economy of 1987 when unemployment was 18%, national debt was 125% of GNP and growth averaged 0.2% of 5years seemed a long time ago (Murphy, 2000).
Wallace, J. (2003). Unions in the 21st century Ireland – Entering the ice age? Industrial News Conference, “No Vision no Future?” (pp. 1-14). Ireland: University of Limerick.
With the introduction of the Euro Zone allowed the Anglo and INBS to compete in the Irish market. Unfortunately, this resulted in the willing...
This paper will investigate the culture of Ireland by taking a look at the five characteristics. Each characteristic will be allotted its own subsections. The first section will encompass the history to illuminate the connection of a country’s struggle and their learned culture. I will communicate the key aspects that connect an individual culture to the region of the world it inhabits in the second section. In the third section, the language and art of the land are discussed to draw lines to the symbols a culture is founded upon. The fourth section of the essay is dedicated to the characteristic of culture being made up of many components. This is illustrated by the ethnicity/racial, weather, terrain, and military breakdown of the island. The final section is commentary on the dynamic characteristic that interacting cultures learn, develop, and transform due to their shared contact and friction.
To undertake a full thematic investigation of this period would be very much beyond the scope of this paper. Thus, the essay will embark on a high level chronological interpretation of some of the defining events and protagonists, which influenced the early modernization of Ireland during the period 1534-1750. The main focus of the paper will concentrating on the impact and supervision of the Tudor dynasty. Firstly, the essay will endeavour to gain an understanding as to what contemporary historians accept as being the concept of modernization during this time period. The paper will then continue by examine the incumbent societal and political structure of Ireland prior to the Tudor conquests. This will have the impact of highlight the modernising effects produced by the subsequent attempts by the Tudors to consolidate and centralise power in the hands of the State. Once more, due to the vast nature of the time period, not every modernizing effect can be examined. Therefore, the paper will concentrate on the modernization of the political landscape, land ownership and the impact this had on the geographic construct of the island.
Tovey, H and Share, P. (2002). Sociology of Ireland. 2nd ed. Dublin: Gill & Macmillen.
... to Canada, however 70% of the emigrants did go to the U.S.A to work. The author states his facts on emigrants working in America as Ireland emigrants having no skills other than working in factories and on railroads. Women that could speak English obtained employment in America as servants of the rich. This article is a useful example in understanding the type of skills the Irish possessed after the emigration of the Irish to American and the jobs that the Irish obtained.