Genetic diversity is used for identifying diverse parents in plant breeding programmes. In the present study efforts were made to establish correlation between genetic diversity and hybrid performance of single-cross hybrids. This was achieved by assessment of genetic diversity by a set of 15 RAPD primers among 10 inbred lines representing popcorn, a special type of maize used as snacks. From this analysis, I-07-35-7-3 and I-07-63-18-3 were found to be diverse parents. Single-cross hybrid developed from these inbred lines was found to be inferior in performance when compared to other hybrids developed from moderately diverse parents for all traits. The parents and 45 F1 hybrids were evaluated in randomized complete block design with three replications. The highest relative heterosis for grain yield was 99.16% and for popping expansion it was 67.31%. Correlation coefficients (r) ranged from -0.472 to 0.294. Genetic diversity based on RAPD analysis exhibited non-significant association or very low “r” value with heterosis, SCA and per se performance of the hybrids. The results obtained in this study demonstrated that the exceptional behaviour of moderately diverse parents resulted due to non-additive gene effect of the traits studied.
Key words: Correlation, Genetic diversity, Heterosis, Popcorn, Single cross hybrid, Specific combining ability
Introduction
Maize is among the top three cereal food crops grown and consumed throughout the world. It originated in Mexico and Central America (Weatherwax, 1955). There are different special types of maize grown for commercial purpose viz., sweet corn, popcorn and baby corn. In addition to these pod corn, waxy corn and flour corn are used for household purpose. Among different types of m...
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imported into an aparatus using gel electrophoresis to compare the sample of DNA to other
Firstly, samples were taken out carefully. The frozen tissues of sea cucumbers were thawed in the sink with running tap water followed by multiple washes using distilled water to remove the foreign particles. The surgical blades, surgical blade-holder, and labelled sample tubes were prepared. Then, the tissue samples were cut-sliced from each samples followed by storage in the properly labelled tubes. Each sample was stored in separate tube. Different blade was used for each sample. The obtained in-tube-samples were stored in -20 oC freezer for the next step of DNA extraction.
Thompson, Jennifer. Cotton, Ronald. “Picking Cotton.” Ferris State University. Williams Auditorium, Big Rapids, MI. 15 April 2014. Guest Lecture.
Evidence has shown that the corn we know today is quite different from the first time it was domesticated in Mexico. Although researchers and the academic world acknowledge that corn began its world journey in Mexico, they are unsure as to the time and location of the earliest domestication (American Society of Plant Biologist). Through genetics, teosinte is found to be corn’s wild ancestor. Although the two do not look much alike, at a DNA level they are surprisingly alike, such as having the same number of chromosomes and a remarkably similar arrangement of genes (The University of Utah).
Diversity has many definitions but only one true meaning. This concept Analysis is dedicated to exploring the broadened sense of diversity through active concepts with respect to term usage, and current literature research to support the understanding and relevance of the term itself.
America’s workforce is continuously changing. Businesses today hire and retain culturally diverse employees to compete in the globalize market. Companies are developing ways to tap into and capitalize upon the talents of their workforces. They are discovering how to value the diversity of their workforces and the potential that diversity brings in flexibility, ingenuity and problem solving are helping them achieve their goals.
“Commitment to diversity is at best a distraction and at worst an essentially reactionary position that prevents us from putting equality at the center of the national agenda,” ()according to Walter Benn Michaels, in his 2004 essay, “The Trouble with Diversity.” Upon hearing the word 'diversity,' members of society may immediately think of race. and political correctness urges society to support racial diversity. According to many, celebrating diversity is the best way to combat societal inequality. This is because people are convinced that the differences that divide society are the results of racial prejudices. Michaels, however, feels that the biggest problem in America is not that of sexism or racism, but instead the increasing gap between the rich and the poor. So if the problem is actually in the economy... The fact that people re-describe economic inequality as racial inequality is counterproductive to equality because people are simply trying to solve a different problem. But how did the notion that what separates us is race even start?
Rantala, M. J., and Roff, D. A. 2006. Analysis of the importance of genotypic variation,
Corn is a high commodity in the U.S; our ham, eggs and pancakes for breakfast, California BLT at lunch, or double cheese hamburger for dinner were all produced with U.S. Cor...
For thousands of years 2, humans have been selecting the seeds of plants with certain desirable genetic traits to plant the following years crop. For years upon years, growers have identified and cultivated useful plant variants through selective breeding and environmental alterations. Corn, as it is known today, is nothing like it was a thousand years ago. Gregor Mendel, the "Father of Genetics", wrote his first major paper on genetics in 1865 where he puts into words wha...
Anthocyanin is a purple colored pigment in plants that protect tissue from stressful light conditions (Glover and Martin 2012). This experiment utilized monohybrid crosses of the Wisconsin Fast Plant variety of B. rapa with the F_1 generation having one dominant allele for anthocyanin (ANL) and one recessive allele (anl) (Kinds Plants 2014), to complete their life cycle and produce offspring that were observed for their phenotype. By utilizing the genotype of each parent a prediction for the outcome of these genetic crosses was formulated with a Punnett square (Brooker et al. 2014). Since two alleles need to be existent for a recessive trait to be conveyed, and only one allele for a dominant trait (Morgan and Carter 2008), the offspri...
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Foxtail millet [Setaria italica (L.) P.Beauv.] is one of the oldest cultivated crop in the world (Chang 1968). China has been identified as the center of origin of this special crop (Vavilov 1926), where foxtail millet was domesticated and selected as grain food as early as 8700 years ago (Lu et al.2009). The geographical origin of foxtail millet based on cytological studies indicated that wild ancestor of foxtail millet is S. viridis (Li et al. 1945). It was the most important food crop of the Neolithic culture in China. It belongs to family Poaceae and subfamily Panicoideae and supposed to be originated in Eastern Asia probably China. It is a diploid (2n=2x=18), self-pollinating, C4 panicoid crop with a small genome (490 Mb) size (Andrew et al., 2009). About 90% of global millet production is utilized in the developing countries (FAO, 1990) and 38.6% of total world millet is produced by India alone (FAO, 1995). Core collection of 155 and 152 accessions in foxtail millet have been reported by Upadhyaya et al. (2008, 2011) and Lata et al. (2011a, b) respectively. Lata et al., 2011a have also developed a core collection of 107 accessions of foxtail millet , which is being used for determining population structure and allele mining of important agronomic and abiotic stress related traits. Nirmalakumari and Vetriventhan (2010) evaluated 741 germplasm accessions of foxtail millet and established that better yield potential could be attained by exploiting germplasm with more productive tillers, intermediate panicle length and medium flowering time. Core of 220 accessions was selected from 1482 world collection of foxtail millet by using power core (http://genebank.rda.go.kr/powercore) Jayarama Gowda et al.,2012, which i...