Equal Protection Clause Of The 14th Amendment

In the case of Reynolds V. Sims, Chief Justice Earl Warren displays the importance of right to vote and equality of votes. He argues that because “the right of suffrage is a fundamental matter in a free and democratic society,” every citizen’s vote should be weighted equally and should be guaranteed by the judicial power (164). Since a State can manage its own manner of votes counting, some citizens who live in unpopular areas may not have effective right of voting as citizens who live in popular or, in other word, well developing areas do, so Equal Protection Clause of the 14th Amendment which gives the citizens equal protection of the laws provides judicial protection of the basic civil right of people as well as right to vote. Chief Justice

Goldwin responses the reason why Founding Fathers did not mention the solution about racism and sexism is that Founders intentionally left these problem to the subsequent to solve the issues and to expanse the protection of “the rights of individuals, regardless of their race, class, gender, or religious beliefs” (182). He response Marshall about slaves; he says that neither slave nor slavery were mentioned in constitution, and this indicates that though the Constitution did not prohibit slavery, it also did not admire slavery and tell the nation to expand it. Goldwin and states that women were not mentioned in original Constitution as well because women “have always been included in all of the constitutional protections provided to all persons” (187). To response to people who think that government out to protect “group rights” which usually express minorities, Goldwin argues that “the reason no group of any sort included in the nation it founded is mentioned in the Constitution- originally and now” is that Founders want more experiences and time to think about every single group carefully to “make sure that no one was left out, and that everyone was in on a basis of equality”

The separation of powers under the United States Constitution gives executive power to the President, legislative power to the Congress, and judicial power to the Court; the president can veto the laws that endanger liberty and passed by Congress, and although the Congress is able to override a veto, there must be two-thirds of both house votes to do so. Meanwhile, the Congress also can vote to remove the president; the president have right to appoint the justices who serve in the Supreme Court, and the Supreme Court has power to announce that whether or not the laws passed by the Congress are constitutional. Therefore, although these three branches have their own unique powers and are connected to other two, one can be restricted by other two when it makes mistakes or has too much powers. The separation of power is necessary in democracy, not only it is the will of majorities but also because it effectively prevents