The Bovidae family is the largest of the ten extant families in the Artiodactyla order. The Bovidae family is divided up into eight subfamilies but all Bovids have some closely related traits. Bovids are all strictly herbivores that rely on a rumen to break down their cellulose rich diet. The rumen is a four compartment stomach that allows for the bacterial break down of the cellulose. Along with a rumen all Bovids have two toes on each foot and for the ones that have horns they are permanently attached with a keratin cover. The Bovidae family is wide spread and while the majority of the species are found in Africa, Bovids are native to all continents excluding Antarctica. The one hundred and forty species of Bovids are divided up into eight separate subfamilies; Aepycerotinae, Alcelaphinae, Antilopinae, Bovinae, Caprine, Cephalophinae, Hippotraginae, and Reduncinae.
One of the few species in the Bovidae family that are native to North America is the American Bison. The Bison in categorized in the Bovinae subfamily and is one of only two living species in its Genus. The American Bison is the heaviest land mammal in North American weighting in at just over one ton. On average they stand between five and six and a half feet tall, but despite their size Bison can reach speeds up to forty miles per hour. Both males (bulls) and females (cows) grow a single pair of curved horns that can grow up to two feet long. During the summer mating season is when the two genders come together to form massive herds, but for the majority of the year the males and females live in small separate bands. After a nine month gestation cows normally give birth to only one calf. At one point in time the Bison roamed all the Great Plains and much of the w...
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...y of Michigan, 2011. Web. 08 Dec. 2013.
Gregory, Trail, Marples, and Kakonge. "Characterization of Breeds of Bos Indicus and Bos Taurus Cattle for Maternal and Individual Traits." Characterization of Breeds of Bos Indicus and Bos Taurus Cattle for Maternal and Individual Traits. American Society of Animal Science, 24 Oct. 2013. Web. 09 Dec. 2013.
Huffman, Brent. "Royal Antelope (Neotragus Pygmaeus)." Royal Antelope (Neotragus Pygmaeus) - Quick Facts. Ultimate Ungulate, 20 Feb. 2013. Web. 08 Dec. 2013.
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Smithsonian. "North American Mammals:Oviscanadensis." North American Mammals:Oviscanadensis. Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, n.d. Web. 07 Dec. 2013.
Smithsonian. "Scimitar-horned Oryx." Facts. Smithsonian National Zoological Park, n.d. Web. 09 Dec. 2013.
When people started to see the declining of wildlife animals include bison and many colorful birds; it cause a rise of conservation. A cause of the extermination of bison is “From the Great Slave Lake to the Rio Grande, the home of the buffalo was everywhere overrun by the man with a gun; and, as had ever been the case, the wild creatures were gradually swept away, the largest and most conspicuous forms being the first to go.”(Doc.2) And the new information about the number of beautiful birds used to furnish women’s hats caused further conservation movement. “It if high time for the whole civilized world to know that many of the most beautiful and remarkable birds of the world are now being exterminated to furnish millinery ornaments for womenswear. The mass of the new information that we have recently secured on this
Hasheider, Philip. How to Raise Cattle: Everything You Need to Know. St. Paul: Voyageur, 2007. Print.
Phillips, Michael K., Smith, Douglas W. The Wolves of Yellowstone. Voyage Press, Inc. 1996, pgs 25-30.
Populations of the white-tailed deer have increased in great numbers. These will increase if the death rate is low and the food supply is high. A single doe can reproduce every year until they die (7). Because of this, the average herd can double in size every two to three years (3). Deer are also adaptable to the changing ecosystem around them. The growing suburbs provide open lawns, the summer gardens, varieties of shrubs, and patches of forest cover. The population cannot be controlled naturally because natural predato...
Coyotes and bears are a common sight in the woods. These animals, along with others, are predators that help to control deer population but also decrease the amount of land allowed to the deer. In Western NC, deer rates have fallen and bag limits have been reduced. In Pennsylvania, biologists have conducted a lengthy study to determine fawn mortality and predation. Predators killed 46% of fawns, (Hart). A study about coyotes in Ohio found that even though they kill numerous fawns, the population of deer continues to grow, (Hart). It would be critical to maintain...
Despite giving disturbingly grotesque descriptions of the ingredient of toothpaste, we can see Bodanis using a flippant tone in this essay with his informal language and his light-hearted comments. If you had a serious tone, would you write “it’s the stuff bobbing around”, “ a host of other goodies”, or “zap any accidently intrudent bacteria into oblivion” (6, 8, 12)? No, you wouldn’t — but Bodanis did. Besides his casual language, he also takes unexpected turns with his tone. After describing the damage of “unduly, enlarged extra-abrasive chalk fragments” with horrifying imagery such as “cavernous pits”, “craters”, and “pits”, the grim mood which Bodanis established makes the reader expect him to address these teeth-wrecking problems with
Scientists suggest that hunted species, such as bighorn sheep, now have smaller horns than their ancestors from 30 years ago. Flocken endorses that “.hunters are not like natural predators. They target the largest specimens with the biggest tusks, manes, antlers, or horns.” In Defense of Animals International (IDA) argues that hunters concentrate on “game” populations and ignore “non-game” species that may lead to overpopulation and unequal ecosystems.
Gould, Edwin, George McKay, and David Kirshner. Encyclopedia of Mammals. San Francisco, CA: Fog City, 2003. Print.
Estimates are that at the turn of the twentieth century over two million wild horses roamed free in the western United States. However, having no protection from their primary predator, man, by the 1970’s there numbers had dwindled to less than thirty thousand. In 1971, after a massive public uproar, Congress by a unanimous vote enacted the “Wild Free-Roaming Horse and Burro Act” (Act) that characterizes wild horses and burros as national treasures and provides for their protection.
James Hurst's short story, "The Scarlet Ibis" reveals that the brotherly bond between the narrator and Doodle is an essential component in the story. If Doodle was a girl, the brotherly connection and bond would be lost, resulting in many variations throughout the story. If Doodle was a girl the narrator probably wouldn't spend as much time with Doodle. A brother-brother relationship is very different than a brother-sister relationship. Doodle would likely be closer to another female such as her mother.
Kirkpatrick, Jay F. "The Surprising History of America's Wild Horses." LiveScience.com. Live Science, 24 July 2008. Web. 17 Nov. 2013. .
domestic horses (equus caballus). Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 106(3), 947-951. doi:10.1073/pnas.0809127105
The author provides information describing the deer population in parts of New Jersey; yet, he does not include any data regarding the population in the rest of the United States, nor does he include any sources of where this information was obtained. A reader may be more
Numerous scientists have been researching on the Arctic Fox, to learn about the creature’s habits and unusual and unique adapt...
" Society & Animals 18.2 (2010): 183-203. Academic Search Premier -. EBSCO. Web. The Web. The Web.