The Boston Marathon is an annual marathon hosted by several cities in Greater Boston in eastern Massachusetts. It is always held on Patriot’s Day, the third Monday in April. Begun in 1897, the Boston Marathon is the world’s oldest annual marathons and ranks as the world’s best-known road-racing events (“Boston Bombing,” n.d.). But on April 15, 2013, the marathon made history for something else. At approximately 2:49 EST, two pressure cooker bombs struck near the finish line of the marathon, leaving three dead and one hundred and forty one injured. Among the injured, twelve were reported in critical condition. The victims, who were treated in eight different hospitals, were as young as two (Lev, 2013). The suspects, brothers Dzhokhar and Tamerlan Tsarnaev, engaged the authorities in a violent endgame that unfolded four days after the bombing and just one day after the FBI released surveillance camera images of two young men suspected of planting the pressure cookers explosives at the marathon finish line (Lindsay & Sullivan, 2013). During the night of violence, starting Thursday and leading into Friday, the brothers killed an MIT police officer, severely injured another lawman, and hurled explosives at police in a desperate getaway attempt (Lindsay & Sullivan, 2013). Tamerlan, the older of the two suspects, died earlier that day, while the search for Dzhokhar was still active (Lindsay & Sullivan, 2013). However, later that Friday night, they tracked the 19-year-old college student down. He was hiding in a boat after he had been weakened by a gunshot wound (Lindsay & Sullivan, 2013). A law enforcement source told CNN that the Boston Marathon bombing victims were “collateral damage in a strike meant as payback for U.S. wars in Musl... ... middle of paper ... ...eems to override commitment to preserve the values of the broader social context and, in fact, allows for their violation; it is their ideological beliefs that fuel and justify their activity (Shechory & Laufer, 2008). Also, it has been proven that bonding to a delinquent person increases delinquency and the younger brother had an attachment to his brother, who already exemplified weakened social bonds, making it that much easier for Dzhokhar to follow behind his brother. Conclusion In conclusion, Hirschi’s social bond theory can be applied and used to describe the actions of the Boston bombers because there is evidence of weakened bond in the brothers. Although Dzhokhar’s had strong ties to conventional norms and values, being under the influence of his brother weakened at least one of his bonds, which led him into being a part of his brother’s plan.
April 19, 1995 at 9:02, in Oklahoma City a bomb exploded; destroying buildings, injuring and killing innocent citizens. Many questions of the city would go unanswered; including who made it, who didn’t, along with who did it and why. All of these citizens deserve answers to the simple questions. The world was in shock and worried about what was going to happen next. This terrorist attack would then be noted as the worst terrorist attack on U.S. soil.
Hirschi, T. (2011). Social bond theory. In F. Cullen & R. Agnew (Eds.), Criminological Theory: Past
The Tsarnaev brothers carry backpacks to two locations near the finish line on Boylston Street. Tamerlan, the older brother, placed his bomb near the finish line at 2:42 p.m. just seven minutes before the first blast. He placed the backpack so the lid of the pressure cooker faced the crowd to cause the most damage (Nova, 2013). Just four minutes before the first blast, the younger brother, Dzhokhar positioned his device near the Forum restaurant. At 2:50 p.m. the cheers turn to terror as the first blast rocked the crowd near the finish line and 10 seconds later, another blast only a block away in front of the Forum restaurant, devastated this annual event just four hours and ten minutes after the race began (Barrett, Shallwani, & Perez, 2013). After that blast, the injured are everywhere. Eight year old Martin Richard, 29 year old Krystle Campbell and 23 year old Lu Lingzi lost their lives that day, 14 others lost limbs. A total of 264 people were injured from the explosions (Bodden, 2014, p. 21). As the chaos was going on the Tsarnaev brothers calmly, but quickly, leave the scene. They had completed their dirty deed and probably thought they would get away with it.
In today’s society the word “terrorism” has gone global. We see this term on television, in magazines and even from other people speaking of it. In their essay “Controlling Irrational Fears After 9/11”, published in 2002, Clark R. Chapman and Alan W. Harris argue that the reaction of the American officials, people and the media after the attacks of 9/11 was completely irrational due to the simple fact of fear. Chapman and Harris jump right into dismembering the irrational argument, often experienced with relationships and our personal analysis. They express how this argument came about from the terrorist being able to succeed in “achieving one major goal, which was spreading fear” among the American people (Chapman & Harris, para.1). The supporters of the irrational reaction argument state that because “Americans unwittingly cooperated with the terrorist in achieving the major goal”, the result was a widespread of disrupted lives of the Americans and if this reaction had been more rational then there would have been “less disruption in the lives of our citizens” (Chapman & Harris, para. 1).
The brothers’ vigilante deviance has many causes, all stemming form the Social theory of deviance. The Labeling, Conflict and Strain theories are three of the most important theories for understanding what caused the brothers to start, continue, and stop killing the mafia. Each of the theories plays a part in causing the brothers’ to kill, but without all of them they would not have the acceptance and success that they did. These theories, even though they are meant for the real world are just as relevant for works of fiction in movies and books.
The Boston Massacre is considered by many historians to be the first battle of the Revolutionary War. The fatal incident happened on March 5 of 1770. The massacre resulted in the death of five colonists. British troops in the Massachusetts Bay Colony were there to stop demonstrations against the Townshend Acts and keep order, but instead they provoked outrage. The British soldiers and citizens brawled in streets and fought in bars. “The citizens viewed the British soldiers as potential oppressors, competitors for jobs, and a treat to social mores'; (Mahin 1). A defiant anti-British fever was lingering among the townspeople.
On March 5, 1770 a fight broke out in the streets of Boston, Massachusetts between a patriot mob and British soldiers. Citizens attacked a squad of soldiers by throwing snowballs, stones and sticks. British Army soldiers in turn killed five civilians and injured six others. The presence of British troops had been stationed in Boston, the capital of Province of Massachusetts Bay since 17681. The British existence was increasingly unwelcome. The British troops were sent to Boston in order to protect and support the crown-appointed colonial officials attempting to enforce unpopular Parliamentary legislation.
The people responsible of this were Timothy Mcveigh and Terry Nichols, both served in the military and then bonded over their mutual anti-government sentiments.
On September 17, 2016, tragedy struck Manhattan, New York. Explosions erupted at about 8:30pm as people, extremely terrified, started running as fast as they can away from the explosion. About 31 people were injured as of today. The question everybody has in mind. Who did this and why? I believe it was Ahmad Khan Rahami because he was at the incident looking very suspicious carrying a ‘mysterious’ bag, and he was arrested many times for many incidents. In the article “Chelsea Bombing:What We Know and Don’t Know” posted on New York Times by Karen Workman, the author explained about what happened and details about the situation. In the article “NY, NJ bombings: Suspect charged with attempted murder of officers” posted on CNN by Evan Perez, Shimon
Do you remember the conflict that America had in the Persian Gulf a few years back? An incident occurred there where a man drove a truck loaded with explosives into the building where more than 100 Marines were stationed. He blew up the building, along with the Marines. The incident was published by the AP Press soon after. Now do you remember the bombing just four years ago, in Oklahoma City? Suspects Timothy McVeigh and Terry Nichols drove a Ryder Van loaded with 4,800 pounds of fertilizer and fuel oil to the front of the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building, where it subsequently exploded, killing 169 people and injuring some 500 others. Of course you do. While both were massive acts of violence involving American citizens, the impact of such acts is always felt the most when it happens right here at home.
This chapter provided information from the trial of Captain Thomas Preston. The chapter asked the question, “What really happened in the Boston Massacre”. Chapter four focused on the overall event of the Massacre and trying to determine if Captain Preston had given the order to fire at Boston citizens. The chapter provides background information and evidence from Preston’s trial to leave the reader answering the question the chapter presents. Although, after looking through all the witnesses’ testimonies some might sway in Captain Preston’s favor, just the way the grand jury did.
The Boston Massacre was one the most controversial massacre in American history that teased the coming of the American Revolution. People were taunting a British soldier who was standing “in front of the Boston Custom House” who got very frustrated to the point where he hit somebody. The soldier got overwhelmed by people who came after he hit one of them, called help from his fellow soldiers. When Captain Preston and his soldiers arrived at the scene, people were coming from everywhere, some were trying to fight them and some were just there to watch. Then, one of the soldier shot at the people and his fellow soldiers started shooting after, which killed five people. This what ended it up being called the Boston Massacre. Some might say that the murderer were the soldiers who shot the people, but the real murderer is
Throughout history, events are sparked by something, which causes emotions to rise and tensions to come to a breaking point. The Boston Massacre was no exception; America was feeling the pressure of the British and was ready to break away from the rule. However, this separation between these two parties would not come without bloodshed on both sides. The British did not feel the American had the right to separate them from under British rule, but the Americans were tired of their taxes and rules being placed upon them and wanted to succeed from their political tyrants. The Boston Massacre would be the vocal point in what would be recognized, as the Revolutionary War in American history and the first place lives would be lost for the cost of liberty. Even though the lives were lost that day, eight British soldiers were mendaciously accused of murder when it was clearly self-defense. People who are placed in a situation where their lives are threatened have the right to defend themselves. History does not have the right to accuse any one event those history may have considered the enemy guilty when they are fighting for their lives.
Societies will always have problems that cause some sort of reaction from individuals who believe that their social stability is being endangered. There have been a number of moral panics which have captivated society in terror and more often than not, owing to unfamiliarity. This essay will discuss the perception of a moral panic and will look at the case of the September 11th Terrorist attack against the United States of America, which triggered a colossal conflict of morality within modern day society. This essay will also analyse terrorism as a perceived deviance, the role of the moral entrepreneur and folk devil, in order to develop a level of understanding to the causes of this particular moral panic and its effects on society.
According to Krohn (1986) bridged together theoretical propositions from the delinquency-enhancing effects of differential association and the delinquency-constraining effects of social bonds, as these interact with social learning and social control. His network theory maintains that the lower the network density in relationship to population density, the weaker the constraints against nonconformity, and the higher rates of