Thesis: This paper will illustrate the benefits of AIDS education by discuss the nine characteristics of effective HIV education curricula, community HIV programs and parent involved HIV programs.
Almost all the states in America promote some form of sexuality and HIV education through mandates or recommendations. According to an article entitled "Sexuality Education in American Public Schools," 47 states require or encourage teaching about human sexuality, and 48 states require or encourage instruction about HIV/AIDS. Although these statistics suggest that sexuality and AIDS education is widely available in American schools, the quality and comprehensiveness of this education can vary considerably.
In some schools, teachers of HIV and sexuality education are prohibited from mentioning topics such as intercourse, homosexuality, or condoms. (SIECUS Internet) In contrast, a comprehensive HIV and sexuality education program features a thorough and accurate curriculum that examines such subjects as human development, sexual behavior and health, relationships, and society and culture. This type of curriculum explains the facts of HIV and sex, and does not leave room for misunderstanding and misinterpretation by the students. Less than 10% of American students receive comprehensive sexuality education throughout their school years. (SIECUS Internet) This paper is going to discuss the characteristics of a successful, comprehensive HIV and sexuality education program that is so badly needed in our schools today. It will also look at community and parent/child programs also available.
As reported by The AIDS Knowledge Base, the Division of Adolescent and School Health within the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has an important "Research to Classroom" initiative in which it rigorously examines the evidence for the effectiveness of programs in reducing sexual risk-taking behaviors. (SIECUS Internet) It then supports the adoption of those programs in schools and communities. So far, it has identified four curricula as having particularly strong evidence for success. The four curricula are Be a Responsible Teen, Be Proud and Be Responsible, Get Real about AIDS, and Reducing the Risk. (SIECUS Internet) According to the article "HIV Prevention Among Adolescents" these four curricula and other successful curricula share nine characteristics that make them such a thriving AIDS and sexual education curriculum. In the following paragraphs I would like to look at the nine characteristics of a successful curricula, the two current comprehensive community HIV education programs and the HIV education programs for parents and their families.
The first characteristic of an effective program is that it focused clearly on reducing sexual behaviors that lead to unintended pregnancy or HIV infection.
The Information-Motivation-Behavior Skills (IMB) Model focuses on increasing a person’s knowledge, motivation, and skills essential to performing a behavior and is a useful approach for influencing sexual health behaviors (Rongkavilit et al., 2010). This model has been used in a variety of studies that focus on changing behaviors regarding sexual health. Several interventions have found that the use of the IMB model has increased preventive sexual health behaviors. Fisher, Fisher, Misovich, Kimble, & Malloy (1996) conducted an intervention in which one group of students received an IMB model-based intervention that focused on AIDS risk reduction while another group of students received no treatment. A 1-month follow-up showed that the intervention was successful in increasing AIDS risk reduction knowledge as well as stimulating safer sex conversations and increasing condom use during sexual intercourse. Long-term follow up showed that students had increases in AID...
Act 3 scene 5 of Romeo and Juliet is one of the most dramatic of
On the other hand the signal man is a story about a man who lived in a
"Sex Education Is More Effective Than Abstinence-Only Education." Do Abstinence Programs Work? Ed. Christina Fisanick. Detroit: Greenhaven Press, 2010. At Issue.
Fate vs Free Will is one of the most oft used literary techniques in writing. It is never more evident than in Shakespeare’s play Macbeth. The major theme of the story Macbeth is whether or not the story is fueled by the free will of Macbeth, or by his fate. Are the events in Macbeth a result of his mentality and outlook on life, or were they going to happen no matter what? Almost every major event that takes place can be traced back to this question. It can be viewed in different ways, and most people have their own opinions. Dissecting this question is a part of what makes teaching Macbeth still have so much value to this day. But there is a clear answer to this question upon further dissection. The story of Macbeth is fueled by his free will, which he perceives to be a necessary part of achieving his fate.
The Significance of Act 3 Scene 5 in Relation to the Mood of William Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet
"One feels," says W.C. Curry, "that in proportion as the good in him diminishes, his liberty of free choice is determined more and more by evil inclination and that he cannot choose the better course. Hence we speak of destiny or fate, as if it were some external force or moral order, compelling him against his will to certain destruction." Most readers have felt that after the initial crime there is something compulsive in Macbeth's murders; and at the end, for all his "valiant fury," he is certainly not a free agent. He is like a bear tied to a stake, he says; but it is not only the besieging army that hems him in; he is imprisoned in the world he has made. (102)
"One feels," says W.C. Curry, "that in proportion as the good in him diminishes, his liberty of free choice is determined more and more by evil inclination and that he cannot choose the better course. Hence we speak of destiny or fate, as if it were some external force or moral order, compelling him against his will to certain destruction." Most readers have felt that after the initial crime there is something compulsive in Macbeth's murders; and at the end, for all his "valiant fury," he is certainly not a free agent.
it. On one hand, it is Macbeth who determines his own fate and on the
The enigmatic influence of fate, fortune, and free will on the lives of human beings forms a compelling theme in Shakespearean drama, especially in Macbeth. In Macbeth, William Shakespeare plays around with the idea of fate, placing Macbeth’s future before him, yet allowing his own ambitions and wants to drive him insane in order to achieve it. Critics have long argued over whether Macbeth is following fate or if he is making his own destiny. Macbeth is the most morally reprehensible character Shakespeare has made; Macbeth’s actions are what destroys his future, it is not because of fate. Although he received the prophecies from the witches, Macbeth made his own decisions and created his own path which brought destruction and tragedy to everyone, including himself.
...racteristic of any time period, has been characterized as good as a darling youthful aura to as bad as a monstrous blob stretch out over the living room floor. But no matter what personality you give it, take into consideration what Barbara Ehrenreich said. "No one can monitor the zeitgeist without being drawn ineluctably into it." (152) It's almost like your second shadow. However, people have chosen to have that second shadow. I have learned that people worldwide cannot survive without dramatic dilemmas. Injected with fear and boiled adrenaline, people have their supply of energy and reason. When one problem is born, an individual or group battles it and eventually reaches a solution. But when solved, we are then looking for an entirely new battle. Zeitgeist is inevitably going to be met and is impossible to get away from. Enjoy never living alone.
Since the HIV/AIDS epidemic began in the U.S. in the early 1980s the issue of sex education for American youth has had the attention of the nation. There are about 400,000 teen births every year in the U.S, with about 9 billion in associated public costs. STI contraction in general, as well as teen pregnancy, have put the subject even more so on the forefront of the nation’s leading issues. The approach and method for proper and effective sex education has been hotly debated. Some believe that teaching abstinence-only until marriage is the best method while others believe that a more comprehensive approach, which includes abstinence promotion as well as contraceptive information, is necessary. Abstinence-only program curriculums disregard medical ethics and scientific accuracy, and have been empirically proven to be ineffective; therefore, comprehensive sex education programs which are medically accurate, science-based and empirically proven should be the standard method of sex education for students/children in the U.S.
In Macbeth by William Shakespeare, Macbeth’s destiny is determined by the choices he makes. The first hint to the reader of Macbeth’s choices comes as a warning from Banquo to Macbeth about believing the witches, or Weird Sisters. Once Macbeth starts to believe the witches, this belief facilitates his decisions to take certain actions. Macbeth’s choice to believe the witches also gives them control over him, which further illustrates how Macbeth’s destiny is fated by his choice to believe them. Throughout the play Macbeth has opportunities to stop believing in the witches, thereby choosing actions that might avoid a harmful fate. It is Macbeth’s free choice to believe the witches or not, and it is this choice and his resulting actions that leads to his fate.
Whether or not the concept of fate is legitimate is regularly debated by many people. Some believe that the events of one’s life are predetermined by a supernatural power, out of human control. Others believe that free will allows us to create our own fate, and that one’s decisions determine how the events of one’s life play out. In William Shakespeare’s Macbeth, both fate and free will are predominant themes in the play. The ever-present supernatural aspect of the play can create an interesting debate over whether or not Macbeth’s downfall could have played out differently, or even been avoided completely. The witches’ prophecies had an impact on Macbeth’s actions, however, it is ultimately free-will that causes his downfall.
...y way to 100% prevent unwanted teen pregnancy and the spread of sexually transmitted diseases. Other supporters claim that by using education to promote understanding of STDs along with an abstinence-only program, teens will receive all the information that is needed for them to be able to make healthy choices.