According to the World Bank, PPP broadly refers to arrangements, typically medium to long term, between the public and private sectors whereby part of the services or works that fall under the responsibilities of the public sector are provided by the private sector, with clear agreement on shared objectives for delivery of public infrastructure and/ or public services. PPP has the ability to link the expertise in the private sector and the control in the public sector. PPP doesn’t work for all the sectors and GCC must be careful in adopting PPP for their various projects. It can help to improve the technology and national competitiveness by bringing in foreign companies with know-how and best practices. PPP will remove the expensive projects from the government balance sheet, transfer the risk from public to private and improve the speed and efficiency of the project. With the proper legal and governance framework designed, PPP can improve the investment climate and improve the quality of jobs.
During the past 10 years $628 billion have been invested in PPP infrastructure projects in the GCC. Over the coming 10 years, the GCC plans to invest some $1.5 to 2 trillion in infrastructure projects with additional spending on tourism, healthcare and education through PPP . PPP projects in GCC started in 1990. The AL Manah project in Oman was the first power project to be developed on PPP model. Other notable projects are Bahrain power and water model, Saudi power and water model and Medinah Airport a $1.4 billion airport development project. The government too supports the model through financial guarantees, contractual assurances, termination compensation, tax and custom duty concessions and fast tendering process.
Kuwait-Halted by Pol...
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...ct, a new multi facility transit oriented development comprising of constructing towers above metro station will be developed in Dubai. PTB in 2010 rolled out a PPP model with 32 projects requiring an investment of $28 billion.
PPP is a win-win situation and GCC countries must identify the economic sectors which will gain from PPP. GCC countries can develop their national development plan using the PPP model considering the various challenges in private sector. In the long run, it will bring more expertise and skilled labor to the public sector and improve the quality of public sector. With government surpluses the objective of PPP is not to secure finances but to provide a greater economic role to private sector and diversify the economy. With the GCC countries planning for long term development projects, PPP will prove as a cost effective vehicle for development.
One of the most controversial topics in the United States in recent years has been the route which should be undertaken in overhauling the healthcare system for the millions of Americans who are currently uninsured. It is important to note that the goal of the Affordable Care Act is to make healthcare affordable; it provides low-cost, government-subsidized insurance options through the State Health Insurance Marketplace (Amadeo 1). Our current president, Barack Obama, made it one of his goals to bring healthcare to all Americans through the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010. This plan, which has been termed “Obamacare”, has come under scrutiny from many Americans, but has also received a large amount of support in turn for a variety of reasons. Some of these reasons include a decrease in insurance discrimination on the basis of health or gender and affordable healthcare coverage for the millions of uninsured. The opposition to this act has cited increased costs and debt accumulation, a reduction in employer healthcare coverage options, as well as a penalization of those already using private healthcare insurance.
The immigration of Mexicans and Puerto Ricans has brought tremendous talent and great people. However, in the process, the culture of Mexicans and Puerto Ricans are slowly diminishing. The idea of jobs being readily available for immigrants has deprived the culture and saturated the perception of Latin Americans as workaholics. The essays I chose were Puro Border and the Puerto Rican Obituary. Both essays have given context of how Puerto Ricans and Mexicans are slowly losing their identity in this great America. Also in this essay I will be explaining how material wealth can cause the border to become a vacuum.
Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) is a U.S. federal law passed by President Obama in March 2010. Under this act physicians and hospitals was to transform their practices financially, clinically to produce better health results, and lower health costs. The ultimate goal for PPACA was to change and improve the existing health care insurance industry, expand coverage and access to care, improve the quality of the health care delivery system, and control the cost and start new revenue sources to pay for PPACA initiatives. There are three main departments that regulate PPACA such the Internal Revenue Services, the Department of Labor, and the Department of Health and Human Services.
In the role of government, the public sector is the sole actor of implementing a strategy. But as the limits of public intervention were recognised and accepted, state action turned to governance. In this mode, the state recognise that more stakeholder must be involved in the formulation and implementation of strategies and this involve the private sector as well as citizens. This shift was also brought because of the private sector has the financial recourses that the public sector has not anymore (Rydin, 2013, p.3-5).
Most projects, whether big or small, are undertaken either to create a new structure, such as a plant, an airport, an Olympic stadium, a bridge, a new product, etc., or to modify an existing structure, such as a plant expansion, adding a new production line, expanding a highway, etc. In most cases, the late completion of the project, such as finishing the Olympic stadium two weeks after the opening of the Olympics, or having a new airports' opening delayed until after the elections, etc., generally carries with it some significant negative ramifications for the project owner. At the same time, there are many cases where the early completion of the project will provide the project owner with significant positive ramifications, such as the market share gained by preempting the competitions' launching of a new product, or the increase in sales achieved by bringing the plants productive capabilities on-line sooner, etc.
There are many similarities and differences between domestic and global project management. A project manager must realize that what might work in their country may not work in a foreign environment. Project managers might find themselves using practices that have worked for them in the past, without even thinking of the new environment, and issues may arise. Project managers need to understand the differences in a different country's environment to avoid and reduce any obstacles that there may be. Some considerations global project managers must consider are the legal, political, security, geographical, economic infrastructure, and culture implications of working with different countries (Gray, 2006).
Over the years, the Philippines has gone from being one of the richest countries in Asia to being one of the poorest. It has experienced growth and development since World War II. The current administration under President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo is aiming for a more rapid growth in the coming years. In 2004, the Philippine economy grew by 6.1% surprising everyone. In 2005, the Philippine peso appreciated by 6%, the fastest in the Asian region for that year. At present, the administration is meeting its expected target growth and is continually looking positive for the future.
EFFRA. 2011. Factories of the Future PPP for 2020 Roadmap. [online]. Available on: http://www.effra.eu/attachments/article/335/FoFRoadmap2020_ConsultationDocument_120706_1.pdf [Accessed on 15th February 2014].
invite global tenders for its major investment projects, and encourage industry to secure the most up-to-date
Throughout the chapter the text exerts more emphasis on the economical evaluation of a country's development rather than the alternative method. It begins to branch off quickly into the classification of countries deriving new topics all relating back to the economical approach. Beginning this discussion is the topic of underdevelopment.
model i.e. it is a Public Private People Partnership. The project is aimed to create maximum
The AFPTR is based on the Performance Governance System (PGS) which is an adaptation of Harvard’s Balanced Scorecard framework into local circumstances of the Philippines. The AFP instituted reforms based on the principles of good governance and performance excellence. AFPTR has three key components, first, Charter Statement, which sets and defines the strategic direction to pursue. Second, Strategy Map which outlines the strategic objectives and defines the interrelationship among these objectives. Third, Governance Scorecard to ensure that the strategic objectives are achieved and the 2028 vision is realized. (OJ5, 2014) The AFP has set up three base camps along the way that must be achieved to get closer to the 2028 vision. By the end of 2016, fully mission capable AFP. By 2022, a strong and sustainable armed forces in the pacific region. The end-goal for 2028 is to become a world-class armed forces.
The Government of Mongolia is preparing to introduce public administration reforms based on the New Zealand experience of contract relationship between resources used and outputs purchased. However, there is a question mark about Mongolia’s capacity to implement such reforms and wet...
Pakistan has all the major ingredients necessary to become a developed nation; it has a geo-strategic location, a generous availability of natural resources and a large population in the working age. Despite having the potential to turn itself into a developed country, Pakistan has not been able to fulfill its potential.
To shift Pakistan’s energy system into decentralized state we have to face the challenges and proper management for distribution of energy to the system. The main barriers for decentralized state are: