Few people would have expected young Sadat to grow up to be anything other than the small-town boy he was raised as, but while Sadat was still a child his grandmother entranced him with stories about the brave men who fought to free Egypt from the European tyrants controlling their lives (el-Sadat). Little did Sadat’s grandmother know that these stories, along with the pressure she placed on Sadat to gain an education, would one day influence Sadat to raise above his humble childhood, become the ruler of his county, and initiate a lasting peace with Israel. This peace was a result of the entirety of Sadat’s life and death. Over his many years Sadat transformed from a man training in the military to a refugee from the forces he once fought for and eventually to the ruler of Egypt.
Anwar al-Sadat’s parents gave birth to their son on December 25, 1918, in a small village called Mit Abul-Kum on the Nile Delta. Prior to Sadat’s birth, Mohammed el-Sadat, Sadat’s father, and Sitt-al-Barrein, Sadat’s mother, resided in Sudan. Sadat’s father worked there “as a clerk in a military hospital for the Egyptian army. When Sitt-al-Bar rein's pregnancy advanced, she was sent back to the little village on the Nile Delta to deliver the child.” (Kras) Sadat had twelve other siblings (Golley), four of whom were from the same mother (Kras). Sadat’s father had received a “general certificate of Primary Education” which was uncommon for lower class citizens in those days. (Alagna) His education allowed Mohammed el-Sadat to put Anwar sadat though school. Anwar Sadat got his basic education in reading, writing, and the holy book at the Koranic Teaching School. (Alagna) His family paid for him to attend al-Jami‘a Elementary and Raqi al-Ma Secondary School a...
... middle of paper ...
.... 2014. Web. 8 May 2014.
Kras, Sarah Louis, and Arthur M. Schlesinger, Jr. Anwar Sadat. Philadelphia: Chelsea House Publishers, 2003. Print.
Lawson, Fred H. 2004. Anwar Sadat. Biography in Context. Web. 3 May 2014.
Martin Kramer. The Middle East Quarterly. 2004. Web. 15 May 2014.
Movements in U.S. Diplomatic History. Association for Diplomatic Studies and Training. n.d. Web. 15 May 2014.
Ottaway, David B. 2006. Extremists Blamed for Sadat Killing. Ed. K. Lee Lernerand Brenda Wilmoth Lerner. Web. 10 May 2014.
Sadat, Muhammad Anwar al-. A dictionary of contemporary history - 1945 to the present. n.d. Web. 14 May 2014.
Salem, Press. 1999. Egyptian President Sadat Is Assassinated In Cairo. Great Events. Web. 14 May 2014.
University of Maryland. 2010. Egyptian Islamis Jihad (EIJ). National Consortium for the Study of Terrorism and Responces to Terrorism. Web. 15 May 2014.
Ansary, Mir Tamim. Destiny Disrupted: A History of the World through Islamic Eyes. New York: PublicAffairs, 2009. Print.
Jackson, G. (2005). Benjamin Chavis Muhammed. In We're Not Going to Take it Anymore (pp. 124-126). Beckham Publications Group, Inc.
BookRags Staff. 2005. "America 1900-1909: Government and Politics: Big Stick and Dollar Diplomacy." [Available Online] [cited June 22, 2008] Available from http://www.bookrags.com/
Likewise, Goodwin illustrates how the use of categorical terrorism can be seem being used by Al-Qaida during the attacks of 9/11. Nonetheless, it is evident that Al-Qaida is unusual in terms of using terrorism to influence the rise of unity rather than trying to overthrow a standing state. For the purpose of instigating a pan-Islamic revolutionary movement, Al-Qaida tries to unite all Islamic people under one state to develop umma, or Muslim community. The logic of Al-Qaida remained that if their “revolutionaries” could illicit a reaction from the powerful US state, resulting in oppression of the middle-eastern region, that Al-Qaida could, as a result, unite all Muslims to counter this suggested oppression. Although the end goal of Al-Qaida clear failed, it does suggest the organization’s attempt at implementing categorical terrorism.
...d took control of the Gaza Strip once again. Anwar el-Sadat then became president after Gamal Abdel Nasser died in 1970. In an effort to take control of the Sinai Peninsula, Anwar el-Sadat attacked the Israelis. After a cease-fire, the United Nation’s troops then returned to keep things peaceful. Israel then later withdrew and was only allowed to use it for non-military purposes. In 1978 a peace treaty was established between Egypt and Israel which influenced more peace in the Middle East. Although a formal treaty was signed in 1979. In 1981 Sadat was assassinated and Mohamed Hosni Mubarak followed him in presidency. The Sinai Peninsula was then returned to Egypt in 1982 after the Israeli troops withdrew from the region. Mubarak embraced Sadat’s policies and managed to climb to the top and be once again making Egypt known as one of the leaders of the Arab world.
Ridel, B, 'The real losers in Egypt's uprising', The Daily Best Online, 13 February 2011. Retrieved 19 March 2011< http://www.thedailybeast.com/blogs-and-stories/2011-02-13/al-qaeda-absent-in-hosni-mubaraks-fall-and-egyptian-revolution/>
Waldo E. Martin, Jr. and Patricia Sullivan. New York: Macmillan Reference USA, 2000. U.S. History in Context. Web. The Web.
LaFeber, Walter. The Cambridge History of American Foreign Relations: The American Search for Opportunity, 1865-1913. Volume 2. New York: Cambridge University Press 1993
Lewis, Bernard. The Middle East: A Brief History of the Last 2,000 Years. New York: Scribner,
Peterson, J. (2008, December). Arabian Peninsula Background Notes. Retrieved from Arabian Peninsula Background Notes: http://www.jepeterson.net/sitebuildercontent/sitebuilderfiles/APBN-007_Tribes_and_Politics_in_Yemen.pdf
Kent, J. and Young, J.W. (2013), International Relations Since 1945: A global History. 2nd edn. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Princeton, NJ: D. Van Nostrand [cited 12 September 2011]. Available from: http://www.questiaschool.com>. US Department of State.
Andersen, Roy, Robert F. Seibert, and Jon G. Wagner. Politics and change in the Middle East: sources of conflict and accommodation. 9th ed. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, 1982. Print.
a comprehensive research service. Retrieved May 2, 2004, from Terrorist Attack by Al Qaeda: http://www.fas.org/irp/crs/033104.pdf. Gunaratna, R. (2005, September). Retrieved September 2005, from http://strategicstudiesinstitute.army.mil/pubs/parameters/articles/05spring/henzel.pdf. Gunaratna, R. (n.d.).
Al Ghazali, Zainab. Return of the Pharaoh: Memoir in Nasir’s Prison. The Islamic Foundation, 2006. Pp. vii, 188.