The Aspects of Interview and Interrogation
There are many aspects that make up a successful interview or interrogation. An investigator does not become a skilled interviewer or interrogator over night. Training and experience are vital to becoming skilled at interviewing and interrogation. Experience is the best teacher, conducting interviews and interrogations is the only way to become more skilled. In this paper I will explain all the aspects that make up a successful interview. I will also explain the difference between an interview and an interrogation.
The goal of almost any interview is to collect testimonial evidence. Successful interviews just don’t happen. There are many aspects and steps that lead the way to a successful interview. Planning before conducting an interview is the first step, but before planning all interviewers must understand the basic needs of all interviewees. All humans share the same needs. An investigator must understand these basic human needs if they wish to become a successful interviewer. The basic human needs that all humans share are, control, belonging, and intimacy. Control is considered the need for security; everyone wants to be able to control their environment and what is happening around them. Belonging is the need for social recognition and approval. Intimacy is the need for love and affection, everyone wants to be loved or feel important to other people. These human needs must be incorporated in every interview and interrogation. Incorporating these needs is an important first step or first aspect to be considered by an investigator. Building up these human needs builds up the self-image and esteem on the interviewee. It is essential to build and maintain self worth of the interviewee, no one likes to feel humiliated or excluded. If these needs are understood and met the chances of having a successful interview are much greater. Having a positive attitude about everything you do is important. The same thing can be said for interviewing. Having a positive attitude going into an interview will have a positive effect on the outcome of the interview. A positive attitude is reflected to the interviewee and makes them more comfortable. No one wants to talk to someone who is negative. A positive attitude can impact the interview more that any other factor. Understanding human needs and the importance...
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...th those programs. During the interview question selecting is important. Open ended questions are good at establishing rapport and give the subject a chance to explain things in general. Closed ended questions are great at getting specific answers and details. When concluding an interview the investigator should have the subject restate everything that happened and make sure that nothing has been left out. At anytime in an interview or interrogation recognizing signs that a subject is getting closer to admitting something should be capitalized on, if not that information may never be obtained from the subject. Interrogations are slightly different from interviews but should be handled in a similar way. Showing the subject respect and treating them like a human bean is just as important in interrogations as it is in interview. Interview and interrogating is an art. It takes practice and work, but with the right techniques and experience and a positive attitude anyone can become successful at it.
Bibliography
Homes Warren D. Criminal Interrogation. Springfield: Charles C Tomas, 2002
Yeschke Cahrles L. The Art of Investigative Interviewing. Burlington: Elsever Science, 2003
(Giroir, 2013). In this particular assignment, I am asked to interview a college graduate or
...he interviewers were trained to ensure that interviews were conducted in a fully confidential and relaxed mode, free from any consequence to the respondent.
Psychological studies suggest that during extreme stress and anxiety, suspects will be conditioned to associate speaking with periods of safety. For interrogator, when the suspect speaks, the objective of gaining information will have been obtained and there will be relief from the unsavoury task of administering these conditions of stress. Therefore, it is difficult or impossible to determine during the interrogation whether the suspect is revealing the truthful information or just talking to escape the torture.
Many of today’s interrogation models being utilized in police investigations have an impact on false confessions. The model that has been in the public eye recently is the social psychological process model of interrogation known as the “The Reid Technique.” There are two alternatives used by the police today to replace the Reid Technique, one is the PEACE Model and the other is Cognitive Interviewing. These methods are not interrogation techniques like Reid but interview processes.
The social comparison theory has been studied for years and defined as the philosophy that people need to turn to others for assurance of their own opinions and actions. In other words, people base their personal worth on how they compare to peers around them. This theory can support why it is human nature to be envious of others based on what they have. Individuals need to evaluate themselves in almost every aspect of life, including wealth, relationship status, and intelligence. These are some areas where most people their evaluations to determine how successful their life is at the current moment. In “A Theory of Social Processes” by Leon Festinger, he collects data based on this theory and presents certain hypotheses that can be supported through different experiments. Not only has it been shown in experiments, but also in everyday life. In a televised series, “That’s 70s Show” the main character, Eric Forman, has gone through a situation where he displayed the social comparison theory. Lastly, in personal experiences I have a friend that has encountered a cheating problem in his relationship that caused him to rethink about what he will do based on the consensus of his peers.
Segregation has been a major issue for hundreds of years, it wasn’t until 1964 when the Civil Rights Act was passed that African Americans and other races were to be treated as equals the sad truth, however is that it’s not over. When people think of segregation they think of separate water fountains, schools, bathrooms, busses, and even churches. Segregation is not something of the past like many of us would like to believe. In fact it’s an ongoing problem still today. In Little Rock Arkansas we see “one of the longest-running and most notorious school desegregation cases in the country” (Elliott). To understand continued segregation one must understand the history and the key people who played their part in it.
Addiction is a term that has traditionally been used to refer to psychiatric syndrome that is caused by illicit drug use. Actually, addition is the only psychiatric condition whose symptoms are regarded as an illegal activity. In most cases, this term is described on the basis of drug use, which is the main focus of many research and treatment programs. Generally, drug addiction has significant negative effects on individuals using the drug and those around them such as family and friends. Family and friends are usually forced to watch their loved ones wilt away in illicit drug use. While addiction has traditionally been regarded as a psychiatric condition, there are numerous debates that have emerged on whether it’s a disease or merely an immoral act by a selfish individual. My standpoint is that addiction is actually a disease because of the observations I have made on how illicit drug use takes control of the addict. I have watched my brother battle prescription drug addiction and eventually passed away from an overdose at the age of thirty-two years. As a result, I believe that addiction is a disease because it changes the functioning of the addict’s brain. In essence, studies have demonstrated the effects of chemical substances on the brain and how addiction affects feelings, thoughts, and actions.
First is the Disengagement Theory (1961). This Theory explains that some older people believe that ageing is inevitable, which of course it is. However, they withdraw or disengage with life. This then results in a decrease in interactions between older people and others in the social system. This process is innate, universal and unidirectional but also natural and acceptable for older adults. (Edwards, 2011) The Activity Theory (1961) is radically different to that of the disengagement theory as it proposes that successful ageing occurs when older adults stay active and maintain interactions with others in the social system. (Grossman, n.d) This theory states that there is a positive relationship between activity and life satisfaction whereas the disengagement theory suggests that withdrawing from life is natural and
The first thing we will look at is what drug abuse is. Drug abuse is a condition that results when a person ingests a substance, such as cocaine, or heroin, that can cause pleasure, but the continued use of which becomes compulsive and will start interfering with everyday life, such as school, work, parenting responsibilities, or relationships. Addicts are not generally aware that their own behavior is out of control and are usually oblivious to the problems that they are causing to themselves and to others.(“What is Addiction?” 2014) The longer the addiction and addictive behaviors persist, the worse the person will become, and the more dependent they will become on the drug. The reason it is so hard for an addict to change their ways is because the brain’s chemistry is altered from addiction.
The research done in 2005 revealed that the Black American students who studied at white dominated schools were very low than in any year since 1968 (Thomas 57).” According to Thomas (102), many factors contributed to rapid re-segregation of schools since 1991. The court turned against the desegregation plan adopted earlier by denying new petitions to desegregate schools, the executive arm reduced the initiatives to enforce the Civil Rights Act and Brown right that was so successful in the 1970s (Donnor and Dixson 2013).
Segregation in public schools is a practice that the U.S. Supreme Court ruled to be unconstitutional in 1954. However, since this time, schools have become segregated not by law, but with actions and policies. According to Orfield, et al (2010), the public educational system is actually moving further and further away from the integrated school systems that the Brown v. B.O.E case intended to create. There are two main areas in which segregation is discussed as being seen with in our educational systems across America. These two areas exists both within school districts, where certain schools have demographics that don’t necessarily represent the population of an entire district, and within individual schools, where students are often times
This paper will discuss what motivational interviewing is , who developed motivational interviewing and why it was developed. In addition, the most important aspects of motivational interviewing will be covered. Furthermore, the paper will discuss how I hope to use motivational interviewing in the future. At the conclusion of the paper the reader should have a better understanding of motivational interviewing.
Courage: the quality of mind or spirit that enables a person to face difficulty, danger, pain, etc., without fear; bravery. Courage plays a very large role in the plot of Harper Lee’s To Kill a Mockingbird. There are many different acts of courage throughout the novel, but the most courageous act comes from a character that is arguably more courageous than superman, Atticus Finch. Atticus literally defines courage. He stands up for justice, even when he knows that there is no possibility of winning. Scout Finch, the offspring of Atticus, also shows signs of courage throughout the novel. She especially shows true courage in dire situations. A character that shows signs of courage that we don’t really notice until the end of the novel is Mrs. Dubose, who is very mean to the kids because of a battle she is fighting on the inside.
This means you most always be prepared for the unexpected and gather as much information on the background of the person you are interviewing or interrogating. Furthermore, before starting any interview or interrogation you as a detective must be aware of all state and federal laws that may apply to your case as well as how the court will handle the case. Like an interrogation when conducting an interview you must first develop a rapport with the person, try to motivate them to help you, always keep them talking and always listen to how they say things as well as what they are saying. Furthermore, you must remember to never use criticism, sarcasm, or interrupt them as they are speaking. Although, these are only a few things that need to be done a detective must always remember an interview can turn into an interrogation quickly so he/she has to be ready to clarify all of the answer they have received from a person or
I believe I have the capacity to maintain work stress and stay positive. It is because I am a positive thinker. From my experience, when I was perceiving inequity or facing stresses from work, I tried to restore equity by extra effort and stay focused on my goal. Therefore, these personality traits help me become a team player. Besides, I have high ethical standards which drives me to embody integrity in my actions. Honesty, integrity are very important personality traits to managers because they have responsibility of financial stewardship. Managers who has high ethical standards are likely to establish a code of ethic to guide team members’ behavior and less likely to manipulate shareholders’ assets. Individuals’ action are value drive, if I am a manager, I value company’s benefit over personal interest and I believe my ethical behaviors helps me to better manage others by building a trustful relationship with my team