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ROLE OFTECHNOLOGY ON AGRICULTURE
literature of hydroponics
role of technology on agriculture
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Introduction
Traditional farming
Agriculture has been essential for sustaining life and we are constantly improving technology to increase food production. There have been agricultural technology with concerning issues but the invention of new technology is not necessarily a threat to the environment. Modern agriculture has made a significant impact on environmental enhancement. The demand for food has been increasing throughout the world in direct correlation to the population increasing. Technological advances in food production have been abundant all over the world to minimize this matter. Different methods of farming have strayed from the traditional system of soil based farming. New techniques of farming have been developed through a controlled environment. This particular method is hydroponics, which eliminates from the pest and disease infested soil-based cultivation. This optimal approach for plant production is providing a controlled environment for plants to be maintained in a carefully managed system.
History
Hydroponics is not a new concept. This agricultural technique has revolutionized from before the pyramids. The Pharaohs of Ancient Egypt enjoyed fruits and vegetables grown hydroponically. In 600 B.C., one of the Seven Wonders of the World, The Hanging Gardens of Babylon, was in fact a hydroponic garden.1 King Nebuchadnezzar II built gardens that grew on the roofs and terraces of the royal palace.
This [hydroponics] method of plant cultivation dates back to the 1600s when an Englishman named John Woodward grew spearmint in several kinds of water.2 Woodward discovered plants grew better in water that contained small amounts of soil or suspended solids.
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... and Agriculture. Rome, 2001.
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Haile, Ramon Lynn. The Economics of Hydroponic Vegetable Production in an Environmentally Controlled System, vol 39. Tarzana: AAS Publications, 1976.
Jensen, Merle H. Controlled Environment Agriculture in Deserts, Tropics, and Temperature Regions – A World Review. University of Arizona Controlled Environment Agriculture Center. Tucson: 26 March 2001.
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Johnson, Hunter Jr. Soilless Culture of Greenhouse Vegetables. Davis: Vegetable Research and Information Center. http://vric.ucdavis.edu/veginfo/topics/ hydroponics/hydroponics.pdf
Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary, 11th ed. Springfield: G & C Merriam Company, 2003.
Resh, Howard M. Hydroponic Food Production. 5th ed. Santa Barbara: Woodbridge Press
Publishing Company, 1997.
By implementing new farming techniques provided with the new technological advances in machines we can see abundant harvest in even the poorest third world countries. For example, the Green Revolution has already showed admirable progress in the northern part of India ever since it took start in 1950. By 1997, northern India increased its grain production by 37 percent. This has proven that traditional farming methods are being rendered obsolete. And because by the year 2000, there will be half the land per person in developing countries as there was in 1970, we need to apply ultra-efficient methods to sustain the growing need. Not only does the Green Revolution enhances food output, it also preserves the environment.
For some people irrigation systems may not sound interesting or useful, however; they play a huge role in keeping produce alive and well-watered. Be...
Long before it was known as aquaponics, the system itself was practiced by the Aztec Indians dating back as far as 1000 A.D. They achieved this by raising plants on rafts on the surfaces of lakes. However, in modern times, aquaponics emerged from the aquaculture industry because fish farmers started experimenting
Since World War Two, the demand for convenient food, ethnic foods, and fresh fruits and vegetables has risen as a result of increases in income and the prevalence of dual-income families, together with the desire for food variety and healthy foods. The agriculture industry works and develops to meet these demands. Into recent times, societies share a growing concern regarding the environment, climate change, food safety, and animal welfare. Pertaining to agriculture, these concerns question issues such as soil and water conservation practices, use of pesticides and chemicals in crop production, growth promoters, and livestock treatment practices in animal agriculture. However, the industry’s scientists continue to work and research ways to balance the industry and bring environmental and economic
much less time and labor compared to ponds and aquaponics. Small tank volumes make it more
Besides being able to produce food at a faster rate, technology has helped improve the health of multiple foods. As has been said previously, soybeans are currently used to create oil; however, this was only possible with improvements to technology to help extract this oil from the beans. Besides beans, leafy greens also have improvements in health. A new process known as aeroponics, a newer form of hydroponics, uses mist to provide nutrients to the plants (Gilpin, “10 Foods That Technology Has Transformed.”). This reduces water consumption. Since aeroponics occurs indoors, pesticides are not used and since the plants are grown in water rather than soil, contaminated manure is no longer a
Growing food with Aquaponics is more efficient than growing food the traditional soil garden way. In a typical soil garden, growers end up spending hours of their time doing back breaking work on their garden, but not anymore, with Aquaponics the need for any tilling, digging, or weeding is eliminated. Aquaponics combines Aquaculture (Raising fish in tanks), and Hydroponics (Growing plants without soil). The outcome is a working system that provides plants with all the nutrients they need, while using a minimum of space, effort, water, fertilizers, and pesticides. Aquaponics allows farmers to use up to 90% less water than normal farming would use, so instead of watering your soil and having the majority of your water either lost by run off or evaporated by the sun, the water is recycled repeatedly through the system saving farmers hundreds of dollars on their monthly water bills. Also when growing with Aquaponics, much more food can be produced in a smaller space, in some cases growers have produced around twenty times the amount of produce in the same area a soil garden would. In addition, with the closed, controlled environment of the system, the need for the use of any pesticides a basically eliminated. Finally, Aquaponics enables growers to grow bigger, better and more quality produce.
As the global population continues to rise, the amount of food needed to feed the people will increase as well. Two types of agriculture systems have been the backbone for crop production for decades if not centuries: conventional and organic agriculture— both methods could not be any more different. Conventional agriculture, a method that uses synthetic chemical pesticides, technologies or additives, and practices that are unsustainable is the leading producer for our food. On the other side of spectrum, organic agriculture generally, performed in a much smaller scale, does not use synthetic chemicals and utilize methods that are environmentally sound. Most conventional
Improvements in the socio-economic patterns in India, China, Brazil and few other developing countries have opened new channels & opportunities for precision agriculture in these countries (Mondal, P. and Basu, M., 2009)”. India is a land of agriculture with large numbers of crops cultivated and the major pulses like wheat, pulses, rice, cotton, maize within top 10 in the world. However, when you take into consideration the ranking on quality wise it does not reach high. Although crops are being grown in India, The ratio of fertilizers used per area and the nutrition needs of the plants are not met. It is almost 3-5 times lesser to what is used in developed countries. With PA, you can achieve this needs of the plants, but studying the crop, soil and terrains. With the recent advancement in ISRO (Indian Satellite Research Organization) launching GPS and the IT revolution has changed the Indian environment making inroads for new scopes in farm sectors. There is also a misinterpretation that these technologies cannot be used in small scale farms. There are few technologies like chlorophyll meter (SPAD) and leaf colour chart (LCC) hand held portable devices to determine the timing of crop and the nutrient content. Government has been supportive in encouraging growers in small community to use GIS systems, and internet to understand the
Russelle, Michael P., Martin H. Entz, and Alan J. Franzluebbers. "Reconsidering integrated crop–livestock systems in North America." Agronomy Journal 99.2 (2007): 325-334.
How people survive is adapted over time. Through cultivation, the idea of intentionally promoting the growth of certain plants for human use, many societies are able to support more people within their community. Creating a smart and effective way to feed the entire society benefits the society as a whole. With new innovations and techniques cultivation emerged independently in different parts of the world. When comparing horticulture with agriculture the two understand and incorporate cultivation by devoting their time to improve and stabilize the production of crops. Both acquired techniques are adopted to reproduce and support the community. However, they can be contrasted and compared from the different techniques used and how effective
Agriculture is one of the most ancient forms of art and science that ties human development and well-being to natural resources and ecosystems. (Fritz J. Häni, 2007) Sustainable Agriculture is the production of food, fibre, plant and animal products using farming techniques that protect the environment, public health, human communities and animal welfare. (Sustainable Agriculture - The Basics, 2015) Sustainable agriculture is an integrated system of plant and animal production practices having a site – specific application that over the long term will:
In accordance to Charles (2010) the term sustainable agriculture means “any system of food and fiber production that follows the following goals: (a) Reduction of the use of off-farm inputs that have a great potential to harm the health of farmers and consumers or the environment, (b) production of biological and genetic potential of plant and animal species, (c) profitable and efficient production with emphasis on improvements of farm management and conservation of soil, water, energy, and biological resources, (d) incorporation of the natural processes, including fixation of nitrogen, nutrients cycling, and pest-predator relationships into the agricultural production processes, and (e) improvements of the match between cropping patterns and the productive potential and physical limitations of agricultural lands to ensure long term sustainability of current production levels”.
Plants play a very important part in our lives. From time immemorial, mankind has been reliant
The steady degradation of the natural resource base of agriculture (land, water, biodiversity) by the use of non-sustainable practices is leading to the worsening of pest problems, soil erosion and loss of local crop varieties. These issues are mainly supported by small holders.