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ADE 6670 Adult Learning and Development, 15/T5, Dr. Joseph Reynolds
The Adult Learning Theories Essay assignment provides information on how learning takes place throughout different stages in life. The topic begin with how learning take place in humans, how one develops throughout various stages in life, the learning process, and blending adult learning and development experiences. The course content requires mastery because learning never ends once it begins at birth. The importance of knowing what is learned in each stage of life builds upon what is already learned which will lead to the next stage of development.
Reflecting back on how every human has the capacity to learn once born caused my understanding of the meaning of learning to
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The development process lets educators see how a person is affected by experiences in life. This continues as growth is occurred through the cognitive development process. With an infant, you can imagine how information is processed at such an early age and throughout the four learning stages. Piaget believed that this early learning process helped to determine how babies made sense of things by different interactions from outside environment. These interactions allowed the processing of information to be experienced through assimilation and tie it to an existing experience. However, with adults develop through physical changes of experiences in life of different stages where certain changes occurred in the cognitive development and the life-span role development of fixed sequenced of events of the …show more content…
Helen Bee viewed development through sequences of stages of various events that occur in life. Dr. Helen Bee believed that the changes were due to one’s life experiences which cause maturity in making future decisions from knowledge of past experience. Therefore, past experience can help as a guide to handle future problems. I really enjoyed what Daniel Levinson believed about the changes that were brought on throughout life. She looked at the changes as a set order of sequences that occurred to define age eras of the stage Levinson Knowles, Holton & Swanson (2012). Her stages of sequences development begin at seventeen then proceeded up to the age of forty-five. Now a lot of experiences happen throughout life. Within this stage the learner becomes independent while experiencing new life as an adult. Now, a young child is not involved so the learner does not have family matters. At this age focus is mainly on getting a degree. The learner here is just beginning to explore things in life. Next, the second stage is middle adulthood age range forty to sixty. This learner can accomplish so much during this time frame. There may be a time when the learner may want to transition to another job or go back to school for a refresher course. Health becomes important to this learner special at the age of fifty. Lastly, late adulthood stage starts at age sixty and over. Sickness and disease is believed to attack learners in this stage of life. You will continue your education to
Due to a climbing faculty shortage, the Institute of Medicine (IOM) (2010) called upon nurses to attain terminal degrees, specifically the Doctor of Philosophy in Nursing (PhD) and the Doctorate of Nursing Practice (DNP), assume the role of educator, and engage in lifelong learning. In fact, centers of professional excellence have intended to double the number of nurses with doctorates by 2020 (IOM, 2010). When advanced practice registered nurses (APRNs) attain doctorates, the IOM (2010) recommendations actualize, thereby strengthening the profession at a time that is critical to reduce the faculty shortage and improve the education of the next generation of aspiring nurses to meet the evolving demands of the United States health care system (McAllister, 2011). One effective approach to enhance patient learning and nursing education is through the application of Malcolm Knowles’ (1980) Adult Learning Theory. The aims of this paper are to (1) describe the major components and uses of Knowles’ (1980) Adult Learning Theory in APRN
Merriam, S.B., Caffarella, R.S. &Baumgartner (2007) Learning in Adulthood: A comprehensive guide, san Francisco, CA:Jossey-Bass
Merriam S. B., Caffarella, R, S., & Baumgartner, L. M. (2007b). Social cognitive orientation. Learning in adulthood: A comprehensive guide, 287-291. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass
Adults are self-motivated. They learn best by building on what they already know and when they are actively engaged (Lindeman, 2010). The approach of adult education revolves around non-vocational ideals and is based on experience rather than subjects (Lindeman, 2010). It helps adults gain knowledge about their powers, capacities, and limitations (Funnell et al, 2012).
A well-known psychologist, Jean Piaget is most famous for his work in child development. In his theory of cognitive development, Piaget presents four stages of mental development: sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational. Piaget explains the adaptation processes that allow transition from one stage to the next. He also emphasizes the role of schemas as a basic unit of knowledge.
Courtney I have to agree with your first characteristic, the adult learners have “readiness to learn things that are relevant to their job and personal life”. We are more motivated to learn something when we are sure that we would have a used for it. As we become older, time is more valuable and we are more motivated to use it more wisely.
This theory is crafted by Jean Piaget (1896– 1980) and his work concentrated on seeing how kids see the world. Piaget trusted that from outset, we have the fundamental mental structure on which all ensuing information and learning are based and because of natural development and ecological experience, the mental procedures will have a dynamic rearrangement. Piaget's presumption was that kids are dynamic takes part in the advancement of information and they adjust to nature through currently looking to comprehend their condition. He proposed that cognitive advancement occurs in four phases, 0 to 2 years being the sensori motor, 2 years to 7 years the preoperational, 7 to 12 years the solid operations, and 12 years or more the formal operations.
Learning cannot change one’s past. It can however enhance the present, and shape and influence the
One theorist that is relevant to this study is Malcolm Knowles’s theory of adult learning. Though Malcom Knowles may not be the first one to introduce adult learning, he was the one that introduced andragogy in North America. (McEwen and Wills 2014). Andragogy means adult learning. The core concept of Knowles’s Adult learning theory is to create a learning environment or awareness for adults to understand why they learn .Knowles developed six main assumptions of adult learners. Those assumptions are the need to know, self- concept, experience, readiness to learn, orientation to learning and motivation. (McEwen and Wills, 2014)
== Piaget’s theories of cognitive development are that children learn through exploration of their environment. An adult’s role in this is to provide children with appropriate experiences. He said that cognitive development happens in four stages. 1.
Analysis: having been through the adult learning experience I have realised the roll of learner and teacher in this approach. An effective teacher can facilitate the development of independence, self confidence, learning satisfaction and help students (the learner) to critical think. This experience has taught me that there are different styles of learning and teaching that I can adopt in my future.
“The influence of Piaget’s ideas in developmental psychology has been enormous. He changed how people viewed the child’s world and their methods of studying children. He was an inspiration to many who came after and took up his ideas. Piaget's ideas have generated a huge amount of research which has increased our understanding of cognitive development.” (McLeod 2009). Piaget purposed that we move through stages of cognitive development. He noticed that children showed different characteristics throughout their childhood development. The four stages of development are The Sensorimotor stage, The Preoperational Stage, The Concrete operational stage and The Formal operational stage.
What learning theory do you see as the foundation for this course? Support your response with literature and with examples.
The knowledge of adult education is limited. Further investigation is required to fully understand how adults acquire knowledge and learn most effectively. Based on my knowledge as program planner and educator I have developed some beliefs on adult learning. These beliefs are based on my observations in the classroom and through introspection as an adult learner as to how adults learn. I believe that adult learning behaviors are characteristically different from children. By understanding how adults learn we can better formulate learning programs. There should be a focus on how information is being shared and in what kind of environment.
Within the andragogical model described by Knowles, Holton, and Swanson (2015), adults need learning experiences that are different than those found in the pedagogical model. Instead of waiting for experiences that are directed and controlled by a teacher, adults need to have a clear rationale and understanding for the learning, feel past experiences are valuable, and have a developed internal system for motivation in order to help a learning experience be successful. The connection and orientation to the learning task, the readiness to learn, and self-concept are other important ideas to adult learning.