Aerobic Fitness Measure According to researchers, Mačković, Pojskić, and Užičanin (2012), basketball is a strenuous game and “players spend 75% of playing time with a heart rate greater than 85% of its maximum value. Thus, in order to play successfully, basketball players must be physically well prepared” (p. 33). To measure the aerobic fitness of the basketball players, the test to be performed for this assessment will be the Progressive Aerobic Cardiovascular Endurance Run (PACER). The PACER test can determine a player’s aerobic fitness level with the use of a 20-meter shuttle. Mačković, et al. (2012) used this test with a group of thirty-four basketball players between the ages of 15 and 28. Thus, this shuttle test will be an appropriate measure of aerobic fitness of the high school basketball players. Equipment The flat surface of the boys’ high school gymnasium will be used to conduct the 20-meter shuttle test. Additionally, marker cones, measuring tape, and colored adhesive marker tape, CD player, FITNESSGRAM 20-Meter PACER Test CD, and loud speakers will be needed to administer the test (Plowman and Meredith, 2014). Each player will also be given a pencil and paper to record their number of laps. Procedures The 20-meter shuttle run will be performed in the boys’ high school basketball gym, where the floor is flat and not slippery. A measurement of 20 meters (21-yards, 32-inches) will be marked on the floor using a bright tape and marker cones will be set at the beginning and end of the course (Plowman and Meredith, 2014). A CD and audio recording of the PACER test will be provided. Team players will also need a pencil and a score sheet to record their scores. Before the test begins, basketball players will be i... ... middle of paper ... ... health-related physical fitness assessment manual (4th ed.) Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Kollos, C., & Tache, S. (2013). Psychological stress in junior basketball players. Palestrica Of The Third Millennium Civilization & Sport, 14(2), 118-122. Léger, L. A., Mercier, D., Gadoury, C., & Lambert, J. (1988). The multistage 20 metre shuttle run test for aerobic fitness. Journal of Sports Sciences, 6(2), 93-101. Lines, J. (1999). Behavioral assessment in sport psychology consulting: Applications to swimming and basketball. Journal Of Sport Behavior, 22(4), 558. Machado-Rodrigues, A., Coelho e Silva, M., Mota, J., Santos, R., Cumming, S., & Malina, R. (2012). Physical activity and energy expenditure in adolescent male sport participants and nonparticipants aged 13 to 16 years. Journal of Physical Activity and Health, 9, 626-633.
... physical education (J. Sproule, Ed.). Retrieved February 25, 2014, from Sage Journal website: http://epe.sagepub.com/content/11/3/257.short#cited-by
J.F. Sallis (1993) “Epidemiology of Physical Activity and Fitness in Adolescents”, in Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, Vol.33. no.4-5, 403-408.
Dr. Kenneth Cooper set up the scientific purpose for running long distance in 1968 by publishi...
With a constant expansion of community with young athletes especially those of a younger age. the youth is becoming a prime target for most colleges, and professional teams. The cream of the crop is getting younger, so to speak. The youth are becoming the new outlet of skills and insight to constantly changing sports such as football, rugby, lacrosse, volleyball, track, and soccer. This is shaping the course of play towards new horizons based off of different ambitions and adaptations in training. One means of greatness will always be the same, run with purpose. whether its purpose to make a statement, improve your training, or be a better athlete. running is one of the key bases in many great athletes and can benefit any individuals sport dramatically.
Arnheim D, & Prentice W, Essentials of Athletic Training (2002) 5th Ed. Chapter 23, pp518-519. New York.
Sports are a popular pastime among all ages and types of people. People not only participate in them for fun, but also for money, physical fitness, rush of competition, and for many other personal reasons. Playing sports is especially common among young people in schools. Athletics are great and enjoyable for many reasons, but there can be a point where sports participation can go too far and become negative for children and adults. Sports specialization for young people is an increasing trend that results in sports having a negative impact on individuals and society.
Basketball is a "transition game. Players continuously switch between defensive and offensive plays throughout the game. The plays include strenuous physical, such as running/sprinting, cutting, feints, jumps, and landings. Rapid turns and proximity during one-on-one situations increase the possibility of physical contact. Thus, frequent intermittent running and sprinting characterize the action of the game. Motion analysis has shown that depending on individual playing-time; basketball players cover a distance between 4.6 and 5.8 km per game, with mean heart rates between 80 and 90% of individual maximum heart rates (European Network for Sports injuries prevention, 2008). Consequently, players need to rid of highly advanced basic...
Walker, N., Thatcher, J., & Lavallee, D. (2007). Psychological responses to injury in competitive sport: a critical review. The Journal of The Royal Society for the Promotion of Health, 174-180.
The Queens College/McArdle Step Test, the Rockport One Mile Walk Test, and the 1.5 Mile Run Test are three different field tests that were performed in this lab that were used to measure and predict an individual’s aerobic capacity. The measurement of aerobic capacity, or VO2 max, is a valid way to assess an individual’s cardiorespiratory fitness level. VO2 max refers to the maximal amount of oxygen an individual utilizes during intensive exercise. A higher VO2 max demonstrates a more efficient cardiorespiratory system as an individual with a higher VO2 max can sustain a higher intensity for a longer
Dunn, George et al. National Strength and Conditioning Association. National Strength and Conditioning Association Journal. 7. 27-29. 1985.
L., W. R. (1997, Sept 26). Youth Fitness. Retrieved Jan 10, 2011, from CQ Researcher7 841-864: http://library.cqpress.com/cqresearcher/
Endurance running is a rewarding experience that puts to test an athlete’s courage, perseverance and determination. It is a marvelous wonder how the human body, with the proper conditioning and mental focus, could achieve such tasking running distance. Elite runners complete the marathon course in just over 2 hours, while the average runner completes it in about 4.5 hours. It’s difficult to comprehend how someone could run, consistently, for 4.5 hours.The actual marathon is simply a formality as the journey starts the day training begins. The outcome, the day of the marathon, is dependent on how successful the training program was executed. Long distance runners are the biggest advocates of the sport, always convincing others to jump on the training wagon. However, some runners, while they refuse to admit it, ponder if the effects of long distance running could be doing more damage than good. It is true that long distance running is potentially dangerous to the heart; however, research suggests that physician examination, as well as proper mechanics and posture during the training phase would ensure an enjoyable journey towards reaching an endurance goal injury free and would even benefit the heart in the long run.
Individuals opposing the idea of early involvement in sports might argue that the added pressure or stress from competition will have a negative impact on children. However, if one were to pick up a health book, he/she would find that there are two types of stress. There is distress and u stress. When asked, many people may not be aware of the meaning of either word. Distress is bad stress, causing pain or suffering of the body and mind. U stress is good stress, which motivates individuals to work and try harder. It can also be a nervousness caused from positive events, such as child birth. In the heat of competition stress is certainly prevalent. However, it is a positive stress that motivates and pushes athletes to strive for excellence and victory. This same stress encourages athletes to exercise and train in hopes of improving competition performance. Life is a stressful period; however that’s no excuse to be inactive.
Pearson, Naughton, and Torode. "Predictability of physiological testing and the role of maturation in talent identification for adolescent team sports." Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport 9 (2006): 227-287. Print.
Paffenbarger, R. (1996). Physical Activity and Fitness for Health and Longevity. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sports, 67(3), 11-30.