Many developed nations have seen terrorism as a huge national security problem. Even though, world leaders do not have the same vision and strategy against this problem. The U.S. leaders also have mixed feeling about terrorism. If you look at the recent presidential campaign in the U.S., Mr. Donald Trump sees Islamic religion as a problem, instead of Islamic radical groups, where domestic politics will create constraints for any government. My understanding of realism, it deals with power, basically military and economic power. The U.S. has a huge interest in the Middle East, and around the world because of its hegemonic characteristics. The terrorist groups also know they have to deal with the super power to achieve the goal. Non state terrorist …show more content…
However, this model emphasizes on nation-state, where terrorism can be built as a powerful threat. Even realists have often ignored terrorism, favoring on the notion that crime-fighting, which can be addressed by nation states. Thus, the structural realist idea can be applied to internal and external terrorism. An argument that, “Understanding international organized crime and terrorism in terms of networks has become a widely accepted paradigm in the field of international relations" (Eilstrup-Sangiovanni, 2008). Such a terrorist group, al-Qaida has a worldwide network, and their local and global goals would be different. On the other hand, ISIS doses not have worldwide network, but they have radicalized followers, which also create such a violence that we have seen in Paris. The realist theory provides different kind of insights into the foundation of alliances and interest of the local groups, as well as the entire network. Professor Mearsheimer also stated that all of the realist logic about state behavior will have a significant effect on how the war on terrorism is fought, so realism and terrorism are inextricably linked (UC, …show more content…
Richard Rubenstein says, “Foreign oppression may generate anger, but native complicity generates shame – and at a certain point, a sense of shame demands purifying action" (Rubenstein, 2002). Middle Eastern countries have been facing tremendous conflict because of dictatorship, and unequal distribution of wealth. People have an interest to have their rights, liberty, and economic freedom, and fighting with their regime (government); however, different types of interest groups (national/international) are playing a role for psychological fueling upon general people, creating more tension, aggression and arise the conflict. Increasing aggression lead to the terrorism act, where youths are joining ISIS and other terrorist organization. The young generation does not have reliable source to live a decent life. This causes to radicalization and joining in a terrorist group. The perceive a discrepancy between value expectations and value capabilities, and relative deprivation is the tension within your actual state and what you feel and you should be able to accomplish. Having a good house, regular income, good health care, education are normal expectations of every person, but it is not necessarily available for many people. When people do not have value capabilities, the aggression would be rising and it leads to violence and
This paper will talk about three different types of terrorism. A background of each type will be provided to understand the motivations and goals. The first type that will be discussed is religious terrorism. The second type that will be discussed is suicide terrorism. The third and last type that will be discussed is nationalist terrorism. Each type of terrorism has distinct differences in their goals, motivations, strategy, use of violence, etc. However, the main focus of this paper will be on the difference between each type’s tactics and/or strategy.
The topic of my paper is types of terrorism. There are several types of terrorism for which to choose for my paper, state, dissident, religious, left-wing v. right-wing, and international. In this paper I have chosen state terrorism, religious terrorism, and international terrorism as the types of terrorism that I am going to discuss. I will discuss what they are in my own words and give examples of two different groups for each type that represent that type of terrorism. Then I will compare and contrast the three types of terrorism that I chose.
Terrorism can be specifically classified as asymmetric conflict, or a ”war between political actors of equal strength, in which the weaker party tries to neutralize its opponent’s strength by exploiting the opponent’s weaknesses” (A16, Glossary, Mingst.) Terrorist groups pose a great security threat, on an international scale (278, Mingst.) As terrorist groups increase in size and influence, the threat on security grows as well. The question then arises as to how to eli...
Rational choice is based on the belief criminals act in a rational way. Rational choice could be related to terrorism when you understand how terrorist acts, their beliefs, and their actions. Terrorism happens when there are suitable targets, motivated offenders, especially without strong ties to the community, such as those who are unemployed, and absence of guardians such as the police, which would be explained by rational choice theory (Anderton & Carter, 2005). Like other forms of violent crime terrorist attacks are usually carried out by young males (Silke, A. 2003). This is important fact to know for law enforcement to know who to target. A Rational choice view of terrorism has certain factors to consider such as timing, international
How does a person know if they fear terrorism because their head tells them to or if it is their gut that tells them to fear it? In his book, The Science of Fear, Daniel Gardner describes this very topic. Gardner explains that our human brains are working both nonconscious and conscious in order to assist us in making decisions (26). According to Gardner these nonconscious decisions are based on our intuition or gut feelings, while conscious decisions are based on logical thinking, those thoughts that can be explained by statistics or probabilities. Terrorism is something seeped in emotion, the very word itself derives from the word terror, which means “a state of intense fear” (“Terror”). Therefore, it is apparent that a person’s fear of terrorism is a person’s gut intuition saying be afraid, be very afraid.
Theorists as realists and liberal find it extremely irrational looking at the basis of the explanations given. In the world, there are clear laws that govern the global affairs yet terrorism has very limited laws with most acts against it being straight justice by bombings or military interventions. Most terrorists are killed even before made to face any the law. One theory that has for the past years sought to understand the acts of terror is the constructivism theories. A theory based solely on observation and scientific study on how people learn. It studies how the experiences and actions of people shape their understanding of the world. A core social constructivism scholar Alexander Wendt believes that International Relations “is not given but a construction”. He argues; “the impact of ideas and identities, how they are created, how they evolve and shape the way states respond to a situation.” “Constructivism seemed best placed in evaluating terrorism” (Lynch 2009). Per Wendt, interactions give up the identities of groups as terrorist groups with the world in general. To the sympathizer of the group, they view them as freedom fighters but states as the United States will object to that. They are known to be evil people who take the lives of innocent people. This constructivism uses to teach us that the issue of terrorism is indeed a social issue, hence the difficulty for
In Module one, I learned that terrorism is a result of physical harm or deadly acts of force with the intent of a political outcome by the use of terror for coercion. There are various types of terrorism such as international terrorism and domestic terrorism. International terrorism occurs outside of the United States with a purpose to influence the policy of a government by intimidation. International and Domestic terrorism both involve violent acts dangerous to human life that violate federal and state laws. Domestic terrorism occurs within the United States with the intention of coercion or intimidation by way of mass destruction, etc. Some forms of terrorism include Improvised explosive devices (IED), kidnappings, suicide bombings and
Terrorism is a troublesome theme. Its clarification might be one-sided by political suspicions and social preferences. Strategy producers and specialists differ about their hypothetical points of view. At the very least, there are three techniques to deal with terrorism: large scale sociological, mental, and psychosocial. Since the first two methodologies have gotten more attention in the past decades, this paper will examine the third approach, which has increased increasingly devotees in the course of recent years. Those specialists who subscribe to a full scale sociological methodology view terrorism as an impression of different social dysfunctions or conflictive patterns in the societal framework. In general, terrorism has been linked
In the world humans are no stranger to injustices. We have too many injustices to count on one hand. They go from politics, human trafficking, racism, and lastly terrorist group. Terrorism is an ongoing issue that has become a part of the public's everyday life. People read about car bombings and shootings practically everyday. The on going violence causes people great anxiety. When the public thought it could not be any worse, greater atrocities have been committed in the name of Islam by a group that calls itself Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS). ISIS distorts the religious beliefs of Islam and attracts the young people around the world to perform their Terrorist attacks. While terrorism has been around, Islamic State of Iraq and Syria
The East is a fictional terrorist group that was maybe up of your average day people. What maybe this movie realistic to me was that they were an eco-terrorist who was starting a war with different organizations that are similar to the problems that we are facing today. To help develop a better understanding of their group we will apply two different theories those being instrumental theory and organization. This will help with the viewing of behavior that goes on in terrorist organizations with terms of two explanations. First being an instrumental theory, the act of terrorism, which is an intentional choice (Crenshaw 1987:13). The second theory, organization, which is a unit of acts to achieve collective values which involve radical changes
Different terrorist groups have emerged over the past years and caused instability and security threats globally and regionally. The Muslim Brotherhood, Al-Qaeda, and ISIS are some of the popular radical and extremist groups. Understanding the formation of the radical groups and strategies the groups use is important in comprehending factors that
Terrorism is an ongoing phenomenon that has been occurring for centuries (Alvarez & Bachman, 2014). It involves several different types of behaviors that are committed for many different reasons. Those forms include assassinations, bombings, theft, hijackings, kidnappings, and a host of other violent acts. The type of terrorism that will be discussed is right-wing terrorism. Right-wing terrorism is one type of the many that is related Substates terrorism, which is perpetrated by nongovernmental groups. Right-wing terrorism is described as the acts of conservative organizations who seek to return society to some mythic or past time, or acts of conservative organizations that seek to preserve a political system (Alvarez & Bachman, 2014).
Terrorist organizations have been committing atrocities against innocent civilians throughout the world for hundreds of years. Terrorism has evolved in many different forms and from various motivations such as religious protest movements, political revolts, and social uprisings. Regardless of the motives for terror, the problem is the financing of terrorism and terrorist organizations themselves. Recent global terrorist attacks using high technology and extensive networks have shown that money is essential to provide the means behind all terrorist activities. Individual terrorists plan terrorist operations and require resources to live, prepare, and implement their plans. The use of money laundering and financial support schemes are the root of the cause. If money laundering were curtailed or even eliminated, and financial supporters of terrorism were identified terrorism would decrease dramatically. To achieve these goals would take monumental efforts. The United States, United Nations and all sovereign nations would need to take cooperative action that has never been accomplished. Terrorism, its' history, concepts, reasoning, methods, and financial roots are object of this research.
Terrorism has many forms, and many definitions. “Elements from the American definitional model define terrorism as a premeditated and unlawful act in which groups or agents of some principal engage in a threatened or actual use o...
After series of attacks around the world, terrorism has been one of the most worrisome issues in world politics nowadays. Fortna (2015: 522) defines terrorist as people that utilize indiscriminate violence against public civilian in order to force government to make political compromises and conceding outright defeat. As there is yet no single explanation and definite causes of terrorism that can be relate to all categories of terrorist, I will explore the conditions that create favorable environment for transnational terrorists to keep budding. Despite many opinions and perspectives, I firmly believe that constructivism provides the best and well-grounded reasons for it. First, I will explain the constructivism’s keystones in relation to terrorism.