Assume for the following questions that we are referring only to IPv4. 1.) (3 points) The US Computer Emergency Readiness Team (US-CERT) publishes what are called Technical Cyber Security Alerts and Vulnerability Notes and these documents alert users to potential threats to the security of their systems. Select a Technical Security Alert or Vulnerability Note published in the last twelve months that has a network related component to it and research the reported problem and the suggested solution (if one is available.) Analyze and describe the problem, and the solution paying close attention to the network related issues that it raises. We are interested in reading your analysis, and not a cut-and-paste of what is on the website. The listing of recent Technical Security Alerts can be found at: http://www.us-cert.gov/cas/techalerts/ and the listing of Vulnerability Notes is at http://www.kb.cert.org/vuls I would like to describe the following security alert Alert (TA13-175A) Risks of Default Passwords on the Internet Description: Generally default factory configurations for appliances and embedded systems contains simple and publicly open passwords and the vendor expect that user should change the password once they start using those systems for personal use. The alert is about the risk involved in keeping these factory default passwords when using the system for personal use. Attackers can easily track and identify such system connected to internet which uses default passwords and can hack your system or entire network. The default passwords are easily available in product documentation. Hackers can find such vulnerable systems using search engines like Shodan. Attackers use common attack techniques by logging in with blank, de... ... middle of paper ... ...s it back to OS. 10. OS then adds the IP address in HTTP request and sends the data to MIT server. 5b.) What is DNS caching? How and why is it used? DNS is used to provide a mapping between the websites name and their respective IP addresses. DNS caching is a mechanism to cache this Website name–IP address mapping on the DNS server for some amount of time. When number of users in the office or universities access same websites again and again then DNS caching is used to improve the performance of the system as DNS server doesn’t need to do all hierarchical searching using root name servers and TLD name servers for each and every user request. Network will be too overloaded if we don’t use DNS caching as DNS server needs to do number of DNS queries in order to find one IP address. DNS caching stores the IP addresses of frequently used websites in the organization.
and their use. In Committee on Deterring Cyber attacks: Informing Strategies and Developing Options (Ed.), Proceedings of a Workshop on Deterring Cyber attacks: Informing Strategies and Developing Options for U.S. Policy. Washington, D.C.: National Academies Press.
The usage of computer is not that hard to have incorporated into your daily living and needs.It does require some basic skills that user must have some general knowledge about features,once the device is up and running.But, the device from the manufacturer does come with a preload password manager.The device comes with some other device that you have like a mouse keyboard and hard drive as well as a monitor.The device has a wealth of possibilities that the owner could incorporate the device to be used for. The computer is so huge in the information technology and system division it requires that each user has some sought of protection in order to provide some sought of blockage barrier against criminal activity.
The recent horrific attacks on France highlighted one of the number one threats to Homeland Security, which is the evolving terrorist. The Evolving terrorist threat is of major concern since 9/11 because “its demonstrated and continued interest in advancing plots to attack the United States” (). A major concern in this area for the United States is the propaganda that is used to motivate individuals who have not participated in terrorist activities or traveled to conflict zones, teaching and training them to plot and carry out attacks on civilian populations. Another huge concern to Homeland security is the threat to our cyber-physical infrastructure. “A vast array of interdependent information technology network, systems, services, and resources enable communication, facilitate travel, power our homes, run our economy and provide essential government services” (). The everyday citizen is so reliant on technology and everything in our country is so interconnected that if the cyber-physical infrastructure would to be compromised it would create a devastating chain reaction across the country. The third concern for Homeland Security is the threat of a pandemic. Even though it is noted as being a very low probability, the impact of it happening even once would be very high impact. “Increasing global
National and International Security is a sum of the actions taken by countries and other organizations that can guarantee the safety and well being of their population. It is vital for a nation to pre-emptively discover what issues could affect their security, and take action to prevent any detrimental or harmful events from happening. With the development of technology and the transition into a more technologically savvy society, cyber security has become one of the most prevalent and important economic and national security issues that the United States will come to face.
Businesses today must manage growing risks to their mission critical networks from attacks such as spyware, rogue wireless LANs, compromised remote/VPN users, DDOS attacks, system misconfigurations, and unpatched OS's, all of which increase the risk of a network breach and interruption to both sales and business operations.
...ly, there will be no direct communication between PC programs and the outside world, which will eliminate potential cases of installing Trojans into the system. The firewall is also effective in barring system hackers; hence, there will be limited chances of getting an attack. In addition, McDowell (2006) asserts that it is crucial to have an antivirus program to detect Trojans, or viruses that bypass the firewall, which also protect against leakage of secret information such as passwords and credit card numbers. However, it is still highly advisable to use very strong password to secure crucial data, and maintain updated software by obtaining the latest patches (McDowell, 2006). In conclusion, it is inevitable to assert that security is indispensable in a personal computer as there are various schemes to steal and use personal information for illegitimate purposes.
Critical infrastructure is not adequately defended from cyber-attacks. Companies and government agencies are starting to work towards adequate cyber security however, this is no easy process. There are endless numbers of exposures like computer information systems, infrastructures, computer networks, and/or personal computer devices. Decisions must be made to determine which exposure to focus on protecting. Infrastructure attacks Individually-owned devices such as computers, tablets, mobile phones, and gaming systems that connect to the Internet are vulnerable to intrusion. Personal information may be at risk without proper security. Possible targets for attacks could be utilities, emergency services response systems, critical infrastructure,
When all the internet system is working and then refer a particular IP (Internal Protocol) address to every machine and the address should be defined four “Octets” in dotted decimal number and 32-bit normally like “192.200.199.1”.
Grimes, R. (2012.), The 5 cyber-attacks you're most likely to face, Retrieved on February 28,
IP address is you Internet identity when you are connected to the web. It is synonymous to a postal address.
The nation has become dependent on technology, furthermore, cyberspace. It’s encompassed in everything we deliver in our daily lives, our phones, internet, communication, purchases, entertainment, flying airplane, launching missiles, operating nuclear plants, and implicitly, our protection. The more ever-growing technology empower Americans, the more they become prey to cyber threats. The United States Executive Office of the President stated, “The President identified cybersecurity as one of the top priorities of his administration in doing so, directed a 60-day review to assess polices.” (United States Executive Office of the President, 2009, p.2). Furthermore, critical infrastructure, our network, and internet alike are identified as national assets upon which the administration will orchestrate integrated cybersecurity policies without infringing upon and protecting privacy. While protecting our infrastructure, personal privacy, and civil liberties, we have to keep in mind the private sector owns and operates the majority of our critical and digital infrastructure.
"Threat Matrix: Malware and Hacking Pose Dangers to Medical Devices." Healthcare IT News. Healthcare IT News, 24 May 2013. Web. 05 Feb. 2014.
Lanza, J.P. (2003a, May 19). Vulnerability note vu#13877. United States Computer Emergency Readiness Team, Retrieved from http://www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/13877
Use strong passwords with your laptop, credit, bank, and other accounts. Be creative: think of a special phrase and use the first letter of each word as your password. Substitute numbers for some words or letters. For example, “I want to see the Pacific Ocean” could become 1W2CtPo.
Today, many people rely on computers to do homework, work, and create or store useful information. Therefore, it is important for the information on the computer to be stored and kept properly. It is also extremely important for people on computers to protect their computer from data loss, misuse, and abuse. For example, it is crucial for businesses to keep information they have secure so that hackers can't access the information. Home users also need to take means to make sure that their credit card numbers are secure when they are participating in online transactions.