Taxonomy of Biological Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV)

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Taxonomy of biological organisms begins with the single identification whether they are living or not. Viruses are usually considered as non-living ones, as they can grow and replicate only inside cells. Because of their nature they are mainly pathogenic, causing different diseases in humans. Herpesvirus family is one of the most known ones and associated with development of cancer diseases. Cytomegalovirus, which is considered to cause mild form diseases, is largely underestimated as it can cause various complications. This paper will underline the significance of studying HCMV, different outcomes, treatment options used for prevention, and during outbreak of the disease, and other studies done in the field а virology related to HCMV.
HCMV is spread worldwide, according to Whitley (2012), depending on the region, socio-economic status and even education, the seroprevalence is estimated to be from 40% in adolescence and reaching 90% in elder people. In majority of population HCMV does not cause any undergoing problems, except of mild flu-like symptoms; however, there is susceptible population who can develop severe health issues. Immunosuppressed people, neonates and people with transplanted organs might be seriously affected by the HCMV and require antiviral drugs to be prescribed. On the other hand, prolonged intake can cause resistance to emergence of HCMV to antiretroviral treatment.
HCMV is enveloped virus with double stranded DNA, having 160 open reading frames (Johnson et al., 2011). Virus has icosahedral form with enveloped nucleocapsid. Different papers present different information of the viral genome deviating from 230 to 250 kbp, difference can be caused by different strains analyzed (Lurian et al., 2010 & Nyholm et a...

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Johnson, J., B. Anderson, & R. F. Pass. (2011). Prevention of Maternal and Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection. Clinical Obsterics genecology. Retrieved from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3347968/

Lurain, N. S., & Chou., S. (2010). Antiviral Drug Resistance to Human Cytomegalovirus. Clin Microbiology. Rev. 2010 October; 23(4): 689–712.
Nyholm, J. L., & M. R. Schleiss. (2011).Prevention of maternal cytomegalovirus infection: current status and future prospects. International Journal of Women Health. Retrieved from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2971724/
Shan, R., X. Wang, & P. Fu. (2008). Growth and Development of Infants with Asymptomatic Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection. Yonsei Medical Journal

Whitley, R. J. (2012). The Use of Antiviral Drugs During the Neonatal Period. Clinical Perinatology. 2012 March; 39(1): 69–81.

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