Currently, acid rain is one of the global problems that human societies face. To solve the acid rain problem there must be an understanding of the effect of acid rain and the changes that could be made to the sources of air pollution that cause the problem. Understanding these things help leaders make better decisions about how to control air pollution and therefore how to reduce or even eliminate acid rain. In the early 1970s, no country had a policy to address this problem (Forster). Nowadays, most if not all countries follow the international policy issued by the Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution (CLRTAP) (Forster). In my opinion, issuing an international policy to limiting one precursor pollutant at a time and to use biofuels or alternative means instead of those that produce the precursor pollutants to reduce or even solve the acid rain problem. Acid rain is defined as the phenomenon which sulfur dioxides and nitrogen oxides undergoes complex chemical processes and may dissolve in rain droplets to form sulfuric and nitric acids (Willyard). Due to sulfur dioxides and nitrogen oxides production of acid rain, they are considered the primary pollutants also known as the precursor pollutants. Sulfur dioxides and nitrogen oxides are also emitted when natural gas, coal, and oil are burn. Natural gas, coal and oil supply almost all the electricity that powers modern life. Meanwhile acid rain refers to rainfall that is more acidic, the acidity of a solution can be measured by its pH value. This means the measurement of the hydrogen ion content of a solution. The pH scale ranges from 1 which is very acidic to 14 which are very alkaline (Krogh). When there is a pH value of seven it means that it is a neutral solutio... ... middle of paper ... ...inue to face the acid rain problem. The implement of my international policy is to ensure cleaner industrial production techniques, energy conservation, and overall reduce the risks associated with the acid rain problem. More measures can be taken such as governments choosing incentive-based instruments such as emission taxes for environmental policy. Works Cited Appenzeller, Tim. "Cheap Coal." The Coal Paradox. National Geographic Society, 06 Mar. 2013. Web. 17 Nov. 2013. Conniff, Richard. "Smithsonian.com." Smithsonian Magazine. Smithsonian, Aug. 2009. Web. 16 Nov. 2013. Krogh, David. Biology: A Guide to The Natural World. San Francisco, CA: Pearson/Benjamin Cummings, 2009. Print. Forster, Bruce A. The Acid Rain Debate. Ames: Iowa State UP, 1993. Print. Willyard, Cassandra. "Smithsonian.com." Smithsonian Magazine. Smithsonian, 19 Apr. 2010. Web. 15 Nov. 2013.
References Campbell, N.A., “Biology,” New York: The Benjamin/Cummings Publishing Company, Inc., 1996, 182-200. Karohl, D., “Principals of Biology Laboratory,” Lorain, Lorain County Community College, 2003, 65-71. Lewis, R., “Life,” Boston: McGraw-Hill, 2004, 97-114. Nishio, J.N., “Why are higher plants greener? Evolution of the higher plant photosynthetic pigment complement,” Plant, Cell and Environment, 2000, 23, 539-5.
3 Leicht B. G., McAllister B.F. 2014. Foundations of Biology 1411, 2nd edition. Southlake, TX: Fountainhead Press. Pp 137, 163-168, 177-180,
... removing and/or stopping the pollution that is emitted into the air from large refineries or factories. In fact, the essay claims that “Of several techniques to remove pollution during industrial coal combustion, perhaps the most effective is ‘scrubbing,’ in which gases are washed in a desulphurizing bath before going into the atmosphere.” This is informative because it shows that there is a way control acid rain. Similarly, the essay stated many different ways in which everyday people could help control the amount of pollution that is discharged into the air. A solution like carpooling so that the amount of pollutants that are emitted into the air are lowered is just one of the many ways discussed in the essay for society to lower the pollution in the air. The informative way in which Robert Collins presented his idea’s added to the effectiveness of the essay.
Audesirk, Teresa, Gerald Audesirk, and Bruce E. Byers. Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education, 2011. 268-69. Print.
Acid rain has been proven to have damage forests, fresh waters and soils, killing insect and aquatic life-forms. It also causes damage to buildings and impacts on human health. Many people do not know what acid rain actually is. Acid rain is any form of precipitation that is unusually acidic, low pH levels, higher than normal amounts of sulfuric and nitric acid, occurs naturally and from man made sources. Forms when gases react in the atmosphere with water, oxygen, and other chemicals (what is acid rain?). The only water that will not have some amount of acidity is pure water. Pure water has a pH of 7 which is neutral; regular, unpolluted rain water has a pH of around 5.6. The acidity in rain water comes from the presence of Carbon Dioxide, Nitrogen Oxide, and Sulfur Dioxide. CO2 reacts with water to form carbonic acid. Nitrogen and water react during lightning storms, forming Nitric Oxide. NO is then oxidized to form N02. The NO2 reacts with water to form nitric acid. Due to this, the pH is lowered to be slightly acidic (Acid Rain). Acid rain can occur naturally in the environment, but the problem occurs when human interaction is the cause of the acidic levels.
Acid rain affects many things in our world greatly. Acid rain is precipitation that has been released into the atmosphere and is very harmful and can do lots of damage.
Acid gases are produced when fossil fuels like coal and oil are burned in power stations, factories and in our own homes. Acid rain is rain that has been made acidic by certain pollutants in the air. Most of these acid gases are blown into the sky, and when they mix with the clouds it can cause rain - or snow, sleet, fog, mist or hail - to become more acidic. Acid rain is rain that has been made acidic by certain pollutants in the air. Acid rain occurs when these gases react in the atmosphere with water, oxygen, and other chemicals to form various acidic compounds. The result is a mild solution of sulfuric acid and nitric acid. When sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides are released from power plants and other sources, prevailing winds blow these
Audesirk, T. (2003). Life on Earth. In (Ed.), (3rd ed., pp. 581-620). New York: Pearson Custom Publishing - Prentice Hall, Inc..
... The Web. 4 Feb. 2014. Campbell, Neil A., and Jane B. Reece. Biology.
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Ellycia R Harrould-Kolieb and Dorothée Herr co-wrote the article Ocean Acidification and Climate Change: Synergies and Challenges of Addressing both under the UNFCCC which was published in the 2012 Journal of Climate Policy. The article describes how the release of climate-change-causing carbon dioxide into our atmosphere is causing ocean acidification but through international policies the effects of ocean acidification can be mitigated.
middle of paper ... ... World Book Inc, 2000. Davis, Lloyd S. and John T Darby. Penguin Biology. San Diego: Academic Press, Inc., 1990.
Nowadays, we can see a lot of campaigns to reduce this humans’ contribution of greenhouse gases to atmosphere. These campaign’s missions are usually about reducing the energy that we use, convincing us to use recyclable energy, stopping the deforestation... These missions are all about mitigating to climate change. Climate change mitigation is the actions to limit the significant rate of long term climate change. In other words, climate change mitigation is all of the actions about lowering the humans’ greenhouse gas contribution to atmosphere. It is now too late for humans’ to prevent the effects of climate change, but these effects can be reduced in the future with mitigation. The most popular treaty, disenchant of humanity, is Kyoto Protocol. The main goal of Kyoto Protocol is reducing the human emitted greenhouse gases, in other word, mitigation. Also in ways that underlying national differences in GHG emissions, wealth, and capacity to make th...
Acid rain is when chemicals like nitrogen and sulphur-dioxide are released into the atmosphere and react with the water vapour, and acid pours in form of rain. This is very dangerous because it destroys infrastructures and some buildings, and also dissolves the human