Symptoms and Effects of Primary Insomnia
The APA Dictionary of Pscyhology defines insomnia as a "difficulty in initiating or maintaining a restorative sleep that results in fatigue, the severity of persistence of which causes clinically significant distress or impairment in functioning" (VandenBos, 2007, p. 485). The pineal gland in the brain produces melatonin that works with ‘circadian’ rhythms, which in time help control sleep (Gillam, 2009). By use of polysomnography, researchers find that a possible cause of insomina is a longer period of stage 1 sleep and shorter periods of stages 3 and 4. The disorder predominantly exists among young adults and middle-aged people. "Population surveys indicate a 1-year prevalence of insomnia complaints of 30%-45% in adults. The prevalence of primary insomnia is approximately 1%-10% in the general adult population and up to 25% in the elderly” (American Psychiatric Association, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 2000, p. 601).
The following conditions are commonly confused with insomnia because of their similarities: "short sleepers" have less problems achieving sleep than people who have been diagnosed with insomnia, but the “short sleepers” can develop an insomnia style of sleep if their condition is unknown; people with circadian rhythm sleep disorder only experience symptoms of insomnia at times when not accustomed to sleeping; breathing disorders such as sleep apnea mainly associates with trouble breathing (DSM-IV-TR, 2000).
Symptoms
primary insomnia must not occur along with another mental or sleep disorder or during substance use. In other words, insomnia symptoms must occur independently from other factors. According to the DSM-IV-TR (2000), primary insomnia ...
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... Viorel, L., Vasile, B. (2009). Treating primary insomnia: A comparative study of self-help methods and progressive muscle relaxation., Cognitive and behavioral Psychotherapies, 9, 67-82.
American Psychiatric Association. (2000). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed., text rev.). Washington, DC: Author.
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Gillam, T. (2009). Understanding primary insomnia in older people. Nursing Older People, 21, 30-33.
Okajima, I., Komada, Y., & Inoue, Y. (2011). A meta-analysis on the treatment effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy for primary insomnia. Sleep and Biological Rhythms, 9, 24-34. doi: 10.1111/j.1479-8425.2010.00481.x
VandenBos, G. R. (Ed.). (2007). APA Dictionary of Psychology. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition. Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Publishing.
American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Publishing.
Having no sleep can lead to unhealthy lives, relationships, one’s ability to function and interact with the world, and an unbalanced state of body, mind, and spirit. Sleep is crucial to an individual because it is a time where the body rests and restores energy and develops important information and without sleep, the body will slowly disintegrate. Poor sleep quality often is associated with Insomnia, but the two are two different items. Poor sleep quality is where an individual does not get at least 4 hours of sleep, but is still able to sleep and does not have a normal sleeping cycle. Insomnia is classified as a sleeping disorder, where one persistently lacks the ability to sleep or maintain sleep. This paper goes into a deep discussion of what Insomnia is and the two different types, the causes of Insomnia and how it affects a person’s lifestyle, a comparison between Men and Women who have Insomnia, and possible treatments to aid this disorder.
middle of paper ... ... Retrieved June 16, 2002, from http://nimh.nih.gov/publicat/numbers.cfm. National Mental Health Association. 2000 May 15.
Millions of people suffer from the same tossing and turning every which way, getting their sheets all disarranged and their insistent minds abundantly worse. Patients often proclaim indications of insomnia while sitting in the family health clinic. Insomnia traits include hindrance falling asleep, continueing to awaken, and rejuvenating before wanted. One may suffer from insomnia if one shows signs of an increased difficulty in attentiveness, decreased communal or scholastic skills, and a diminished mood or enthusiasm. (Foldvary-Schaefer 111). Countless individuals deal with insomnia for a large amount of their lives and some choose differing treatments, while some do not use any treatments at all. While never being uncommon, the amounts of causes leading to insomnia come in boundlessly; finding new studies and stories every day.
Hirshkowitz, M., & Smith, P. B. (2004). Sleep disorders for dummies. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley Pub.
Sleep hygiene and stimulus control are non-medical treatments for insomnia that includes simple steps that may improve
5) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, an online version of the resource book.
Almost everyone seem to suffer from not being able to get enough sleep at some time in their life. If you are always tired then that means that you’re not getting enough sleep. As we all know, inadequate sleep which is referred to as insomnia. Insomnia is basically one of the many sleeping disorders that some people may have and is one of the most common sleep disorder. There are many different effects of insomnia which includes some may become less productive, less ambitious, have a poor performance at school, work, or their everyday life tasks. Insomnia is not an illness but it is a symptom which can typically last no more than maybe a few days or it could be long term for some people. Who gets insomnia? According to Bayer (2001) “Approximately 36 out of every 100 Americans have reported experiencing this symptom [insomnia]. However, only 5 out of every 100 Americans consider the problem severe enough to seek medical help” (p. 22).
American Psychiatric Association. (2000). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders: Fourth Edition. Arlington : American Psychiatric Association.
Second is short term insomnia less than 3 weeks caused by personal stress of an ongoing
...chiatric Association. (2012). “Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders” (4th Ed.). Washington, DC: Author.
Cartwright, R.D. (1978) A primer on Sleep and Dreaming. Massachusetts : Addison - Wesley, Publishing, Company
Insomnia is the inability to sleep. Insomnia can be caused by psychiatric and medical conditions, unhealthy sleep habits, specific substances, and/or certain biological factors. With insomnia, you usually awaken feeling refreshed,
“Twelve Simple Tips to Improve Your Sleep.” (2009, Dec. 18). The Division of Sleep Medicine at Harvard Medical School. Healthy