For the past of 85 years, the poem “Waltzing Matilda” has been the core of Australian national identity. The hero in this song is a swagman who steals a sheep, when the authorities committed suicide. It believes that Waltzing Matilda was an early political protest song – it was a song about freedom. The term ‘Matilda’ is an old Germanic name meaning of the term ‘mighty battle maid’, although more likely to be referred to as ‘Mathildas’. It was originally for women camp followers, but finally changed the meaning ‘to be kept warm at night’. For most soldiers, they wrapped themselves in their large gray coat. These coats were rolled up and marched on their shoulder when walking.
Banjo Paterson (poet of Waltzing Matilda) lived in Sydney, this poem
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The poem is based on an actual incident, which happened during a depression during 1895. During this phase, the work was scarce and the poem talks about a swagman who was looking for work. He was called swagman as he carried his swag on his back. The Swagman build a camp for all night near a billabong, below the shade of a coolibah tree and put tea to boil for himself on the campfire. A sheep came down to drink from the billabong and the hungry swagman caught the sheep in the intention of eating it for diner. The swagmen shove the sheep into his tucker-bag to restrain and stop it from running away. Nevertheless, a squatter witnessed and brought three troopers with his own to arrest the swagman. The troopers tell the swagman that they had come to arrest him for stealing the sheep and now he will have to accompany them to the jail. The swagman, who was aware of the penalty for sheep stealing was execution by hanging, dives into the billabong to swim away and escape arrest. Not being a strong swimmer, the swagman drowns and dies.
Waltzing Matilda briefly said that a poem about a swagman that camps by a creek then the swagman steals a sheep. Three policemen arrived the place rather than submit to capture, the swagman suicide and drown himself in the creek. It's the song about Australians who had tears when they hear it played a long way from home. Waltzing Matilda become a nationalist song
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Remember that Australia was occupied by offenders then sentenced to "transportation" from the United Kingdom, often for trivial property crimes; Australian is still suspicious of authority, thus cynical of vanity and hypocrisy of the judicial and police system.
Waltzing Matilda in 1915 is bring Australian arms thoughts of the massacres at Gallipoli (Turkey). Massive unskillfulness British in terms of politicians (chiefly Winston Churchill) and generals resulted in the death toll that knockout every town and every city, even the place is a small country at that time.
That’s why the song became Australia’s National song. There are other strong emotions connected with this Australia’s unique poem; like always supporting the underdog; like a healthy doubt the authority of our motives and our support for the lovable rascals that agree with them; like a general privilege disdain, ‘silver-spooners’ and unfair unique talent don’t have to work for a living like the rest of us did; and trivial set up that can condemn a man putting a sheep in ten thousand, as the English judges made a man of Australia’s criminals to steal a loaf of bread to provide for hungry
Eckermann’s poem, ‘Ngingali’, conveys an Aboriginal link to the land and Country. Furthermore, Eckermann utilises the simile through the line, “my mother is a granite boulder”. This demonstrates that the connection to the land and Country as well as it being hard to shift. Eckermann using narrative perspective through “my mother” appears deeply personal and further depicts an Aboriginal connection to the Country. Additionally, through the line, “gulls nestle in her eyes” Eckermann conveys the utilisation of both, metaphor as well as imagery
The notions of the Australian voice as multifaceted and diverse, is insightfully expressed in Tim Winton's short story anthology The turning and the Drover's wife by Henry Lawson. Australian voice in literature often explores the quality inherent to the Australian identity of overcoming hardships. The stories Fog, On her knees, and The Drover's wife explore these hardships through the notions of mateship,and the importance of family in facing these challenges.
The 2014 Walkley Award winning documentary, "Cronulla Riots: the day that shocked the nation" reveals to us a whole new side of Aussie culture. No more she’ll be right, no more fair go and sadly no more fair dinkum. The doco proved to all of us (or is it just me?) that the Australian identity isn’t really what we believe it to be. After viewing this documentary
Without the use of stereotypical behaviours or even language is known universally, the naming of certain places in, but not really known to, Australia in ‘Drifters’ and ‘Reverie of a Swimmer’ convoluted with the overall message of the poems. The story of ‘Drifters’ looks at a family that moves around so much, that they feel as though they don’t belong. By utilising metaphors of planting in a ‘“vegetable-patch”, Dawe is referring to the family making roots, or settling down somewhere, which the audience assumes doesn’t occur, as the “green tomatoes are picked by off the vine”. The idea of feeling secure and settling down can be applied to any country and isn’t a stereotypical Australian behaviour - unless it is, in fact, referring to the continental
One of the many factors that have contributed to the success of Australian poetry both locally and internationally is the insightful commentary or depiction of issues uniquely Australian or strongly applicable to Australia. Many Australian poets have been and are fascinated by the issues relevant to Australia. Many in fact nearly all of these poets have been influenced or have experienced the subject matter they are discussing. These poets range from Oodgeroo Noonuccal Aboriginal and women’s rights activist to Banjo Patterson describing life in the bush. Bruce Dawe is also one of these poets. His insightful representation of the dreary, depressing life of many stay at home mothers in “Up the Wall” is a brilliant example of a poem strongly relevant to Australia.
Australia is a very unique place, along with our multiculturalism there is also a strong heritage surrounding us. At first thought of Australian heritage we think about such landmarks as Uluru, The Sydney harbour bridge and The Sydney opera house, The Great Barrier reef and other internationally recognised places. But our heritage goes much deeper than that; it is far more than outstanding icons. Along with these icons there are also unsung places like the old cattle stations, Aboriginal missions, migrant hostels, War memorials, our unique wetlands and the towns and cities we have built. Adding all of these things together, helps to tell the story of who we are and how we have shaped this land in the unique identity it has today.
Throughout our rich history, we have overcome these issues by making great changes in our country by promoting multiculturalism and giving everyone a fair go which means giving everyone chance to live a healthy and prosperous life. But, even with these changes, Australia once was plagued with injustice. Australia now has a good reputation, but our horrid past will never be forgotten.
Nearly four decades after the events at Eureka Stockade, Henry Lawson marked the death of the battle's leader, Peter Lalor, with an anti-establishment piece of verse, 'Eureka!'. In this and other poems such as his first, 'The Republic', 'The Fight of Eureka Stockade' and 'Freedom of the Wallaby', Lawson may well have been trying to light the fire of Australian nationalism and a move to independence with our own flag, The Southern Cross.
Lucas, Rose. “The Gendered Battlefield: Sex and Death in Gallipoli”. Gender and War; Australians at War in the Twentieth Century. Ed. Damousi Joy and Lake, Marilyn. CUP Archive, 1995. 148-178. Web. 2 May 2014.
Australian indigenous culture is the world’s oldest surviving culture, dating back sixty-thousand years. Aboriginals and Torres Strait Islanders have been represented in a myriad of ways through various channels such as poetry, articles, and images, in both fiction and non-fiction. Over the years, they have been portrayed as inferior, oppressed, isolated, principled and admirable. Three such texts that portray them in these ways are poems Circles and Squares and Grade One Primary by Ali Cobby Eckermann, James Packer slams booing; joins three cheers for footballer and the accompanying visual text and Heywire article Family is the most important thing to an islander by Richard Barba. Even though the texts are different as ….. is/are …., while
Aboriginal soldiers returned to their country where they had no citizenship rights, controlled by the government policies which prevented them from living in towns, socialising with other Australians and voting. This is evident in phrases such as, “He returned to the outback, no mates did he find. If he had a beer he was jailed and then fined,” and, “Confused and alone he wandered around, Looking for work though none could be found. The Anzac marches he badly neglected, Would show to his comrades how he was rejected.” This informs the reader about how the Aboriginal soldiers did not receive the same benefits as the European soldiers did, even though they made the same sacrifices during the
But as will be discussed, there are major flaws in the Australian criminal justice system with issues focussing on three main concerns: (i) lenient sentencing in the criminal justice system particularly with white-collar and blue-collar crimes (i) recidivism and lack of support for offenders (iii) public safety concerns. This essay will examine issues with the Australian prison system, and explore the punishment of shaming and if it is an effective method in preventing general and specific deterrence using sociological frameworks and theories.
The gross over representation of indigenous people in the Australian criminal justice system (CJS) is so disturbingly evident that it is never the source of debate. Rather it is the starting point of discussions centring on the source and solutions to this prominent social, cultural and political issue. Discourse surrounds not only the economic and social disadvantage of indigenous communities, but also the systemic racism and continuing intergenerational trauma resulting for the unjust colonisation of a nation which has profited whites at the detriment to indigenous people throughout history. In respect to the currently CJS, trepidations are raised by indigenous communities around the lack of culturally diverse laws and punishments within the system. The overtly western system does not provide a viable space for indigenous
Through numerous poetic techniques Paterson has shown that the Australian diversity is as diverse as the country itself. The Australian identity concerns the way Australia is viewed by other people. There are a variety of different aspects that contribute to this identity of Australia which include historical icons. Paterson recognizes how lucky we are to live on a land notorious for its diverse landscape. He is signaling that we are missing out and we need to cherish the great land we were given.
Throughout both ‘Rainbow’s End’ and ‘The Rabbits’, the audience discovers the plights that the Aboriginal Australians faced, due to discrimination and assimilation, in intensely confronting, yet intensely meaningful ways. We see how the discrimination and forced assimilation of cultures was common in the lead up to modern times because of composers like Harrison, Marsden and Tan reminding us of these events, allowing us to discover and rediscover our past wrongs through their works, in order to pave the way for a brighter, harmonious future. Without these documentations and retellings of events such as these, history would repeat itself, conflicts would be more apparent and we as a species would not be able to thrive and prosper due to our prejudices and superiority complexes.