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Thesis on surrogacy ethics
Surrogacy and the rights of the child essay
Should surrogacy motherhood be allowed
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It is raining about four million babies in America each year on average and that’s not including the rest of the world. Granting, most of these baby’s conception is from the natural way, but surrogacy is gaining popularity among the American people. Surrogacy is an act in which another woman will carry and deliver a other couples baby that are not able to bear children of their own due to medical issues or simply don’t want to go through the labors of being pregnant and delivering a child of their own. More importantly, the egg and sperm that is used are from the couple that is incapable of bearing children resulting in a biological child. However, in America, there is a big debate on rather surrogacy should be legal or not, because of …show more content…
Furthermore, for years, their only option of getting a child was through adoption, but now due to the innovations of technology, surrogacy is another option that can provide a biological child for the couple (2009). Secondly, the people who have a career as a movie star, super model or an athlete, those nine months of pregnancy or possible scars from giving berth could destroy their career, but having a child of their own would make them happy. As an illustration, a super model with a cesarean section scar, modeling two-piece bathing suits or lingerie career would be over. Further, a movie star can miss a blockbuster movie deal due to her being pregnant for nine months. Additionally, an athlete who has birth complications in which disables her in such a way that she is not able to perform anymore. Therefore, these people with those types of careers that want to have a baby would choose surrogacy over the normal way and knowing the risk listed above could be career ending, why would one want to bring a baby into this world with no income coming in. In fact, Kuszynski’s story of Her Body, My Baby, she states, “our lawyer, told me that occasionally she gets an inquiry from a high-profile model or an actress who is curious about the surrogacy process, she assumes, not for reasons of infertility but for convenience”(2008). Thirdly, the story on PBS Now …show more content…
Therefore, one can clearly see that surrogacy should be legal due to the right to pursue happiness for all Americans because that would be in violation of the Declaration of Independents. Secondly, intervention by the federal government could resolve the troublesome fraudulent issues that plague surrogacy. Thirdly, it will boost the American economy by giving a lot back to the community by providing people with lifelong dreams of having a child and giving money to surrogates that can possibly pull them out of debt or a much more reasonable debt to pay off. Therefore, surrogacy should be legal by involving the government who can set the foundation of laws for this industry, boosting the American economy and allowing the American people to pursue happiness by giving them a child that they could never have or helping the surrogates to climb out of debt. The first step is to get the government involved or this will never work out for the American
“Time to Ban Surrogate Motherhood,” written by Lynda Hurst and “Surrogate Motherhood: Why it Should Be Permitted,” written by Allan C. Hutchinson, are persuasive texts where the authors’ attempts to influence the audience to agree with their side of the argument on surrogate motherhood. According to The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, surrogate motherhood is defined as, “a woman who bears a child for another person, often for pay, either through artificial insemination or by carrying until birth another woman's surgically implanted fertilized egg.” Since the persuasive works are published in different newspapers, one being The Toronto Star and the other being The Globe and Mail, the works are written for different target audiences. Comparing the articles of Lynda Hurst and Allan C. Hutchinson, numerous differences between the elements of tone and the types of structure define the target audience.
With entering of the 21st century, social life has undergone enormous changes, biomedical technology have seen an unprecedented development. Artificial reproductive technology is an important part in the entire biomedical technology, including artificial insemination, Al, inseminations, IVF, surrogacy, and clone it four ways. As biomedical technology difficulties encountered in the 20th century, like artificial reproductive technology despite already produced, but from the date they are incurred, it is doomed to its controversial. Surrogacy as an alternative reproductive technology, the continuation of the way is not a product of modern times. As the embodiment of modern technology, surrogacy contract appears firstly in the mid-1970s. Time Magazine in 1978 firstly used surrogate mother in the mainstream media to describe another female couple for fertility (Beverly, 1987). S...
A surrogacy is the carrying of a pregnancy for intended parents. There are two kinds of surrogacy: “Gestational”, in which the egg and sperm belong to the intended parents and is carried by the surrogate, and “traditional”, where the surrogate is inseminated with the intended father’s sperm. Regardless of the method, I believe that surrogacy cannot be morally justified. Surrogacy literally means “substitute”, or “replacement”. A surrogate is a replacement for a mother for that 9-month period of pregnancy, and therefore is reducing the role of the surrogate mother to an oversimplified and dehumanizing labor. The pregnancy process for the gestational mother can be very physically and mentally demanding, and is unique because after birthing the
I would have said that it was a generous and thoughtful act of kindness for a surrogate to be willing to help a couple bring a child into this world. I would have never thought deeply about some of the moral and ethical aspects of surrogacy, until now. I have been married for almost four years, and I believe in the unity of marriage and the idea of becoming one. After reading Cahill’s argument on surrogacy, and reflected on my own moral values, I immediately took a stance to agree with her. I believe that when it comes to a child, the best interest of the child should be a top priority. I am not a mother, but I am very passionate about children, and find their lives to be so precious. Parents should always have the child’s best interest in mind when making choices regarding their child’s life. A surrogate may be doing it as an act of kindness, and that may be her intention. However, I agree that surrogacy brings a dualistic element to the relationship. I know that as a married woman I would never hire a surrogate to bear my child, nor be a surrogate to carry someone else’s child. I want children, but I would never want to be treated as the means to an end, and I would not want my child to be considered a commodity. I strongly agree with Cahill in that a binding moral obligation does come with certain choices, even if we did not choose them in the first
The advancement and continued developments of third-party assisted reproductive medical practices has allowed many prospective parents, regardless of their marital status, age, or sexual orientation, to have a new opportunity for genetically or biologically connected children. With these developments come a number of rather complex ethical issues and ongoing discussions regarding assisted reproduction within our society today. These issues include the use of reproductive drugs, gestational services such as surrogacy as well as the rights of those seeking these drugs and services and the responsibilities of the professionals who offer and practice these services.
Countless people form their own judgment of why individuals choose to go through the action of surrogacy. Their opinions range, but the most common reason people believe others use surrogacy is just for the large payment they receive for doing it (Lopez, 1970). I do believe there are people out there who become surrogate mothers because of the money, but I do not believe people are abusing the money. I think women use the money to support their own family, and for things that will improve their life. If they were to use the money for things such as drugs, that would have been brought to the parent’s attention when choosing the right surrogate and going through all the background, and health checks before proceeding with the fertilization. Another social argument is some people think that instead of going through the procedure of surrogacy, they should choose to adopt a child instead (Lopez, 1970). I think the choice is completely up to the person wanting the child. Some people want to go through the excitement of bringing a child into the world, and the child being blood-related to one
The addition of a child into a family’s home is a happy occasion. Unfortunately, some families are unable to have a child due to unforeseen problems, and they must pursue other means than natural pregnancy. Some couples adopt and other couples follow a different path; they utilize in vitro fertilization or surrogate motherhood. The process is complicated, unreliable, but ultimately can give the parents the gift of a child they otherwise could not have had. At the same time, as the process becomes more and more advanced and scientists are able to predict the outcome of the technique, the choice of what child is born is placed in the hands of the parents. Instead of waiting to see if the child had the mother’s eyes, the father’s hair or Grandma’s heart problem, the parents and doctors can select the best eggs and the best sperm to create the perfect child. Many see the rise of in vitro fertilization as the second coming of the Eugenics movement of the 19th and early 20th century. A process that is able to bring joy to so many parents is also seen as deciding who is able to reproduce and what child is worthy of birthing.
Surrogacy is becoming extremely popular as a way for people to build their families and women to have a source of income. Many people have various reasons for their opposition to it whether it be by comparing it to prostitution or disagreeing with how military wives take advantage of the Tricare insurance. Lorraine Ali states in her article “The Curious Lives of Surrogates” that one of the more popular reasons to oppose surrogacy is that it contradicts, “what we’ve always thought of as an unbreakable bond between mother and child.” However, a woman’s inability to conceive her own children does not determine the absence of a mother to child bond.
Gestational surrogacy, especially when it involves commercial surrogates, challenges the status quo in the ethical theory of reproduction, because with this technology the process of producing a child can no longer remain a private matter. Now a public contract exists between two parties, the couple and the surrogate ...
Commercial surrogacy respects the feminist theory as it allows women to be heard and considers their feelings and relationships. Commercial surrogacy overcomes oppression by returning power to surrogates, defeating the patriarchal society and providing autonomy. Commercial surrogacy also tackles the issue of potentially exploiting women by protecting surrogates and, addressing the risks of surrogacy. There are many ethical issues surrounding women and the feminist theory can be a powerful tool in determining moral
Abortion has been a controversial topic in the U.S ever since it became legal in 1973 after the Roe v. Wade case. Abortion is defined as the, “the deliberate termination of a human pregnancy, most often performed during the first 28 weeks of pregnancy.” Pro-life supporters believe that abortion is unethical and argue that it is the mother’s responsibility to own up to her actions. They also argue that there is always the option of adoption, and that abortion could be very dangerous. I am pro-life and believe that the government doesn’t have the right to decide what a woman can or can’t do with her body.
Arguments against commercial surrogacy typically revolve around the idea that surrogacy is a form of child-selling. Critics believe that commercial surrogacy violates both women’s and children’s rights. In addition, by making surrogacy contracts legally enforceable, courts will follow the contract rather than choose what is best for the child. However, in her article “Surrogate Mothering: Exploring Empowerment” Laura Pudry is not convinced by these arguments.
Commercial surrogacy commodifies children because by paying the surrogate mother to give up her child, they treat the child as an object of exchange or commodity that can be bought and sold. As any business transaction, the parents give money for the exchange of an object, the child. The parents get their desired child and the mother gets the money, but what about what thee child think about this event? The parents and surrogate mother’s action were done with self-interest. It could be argued that they wanted the best for the child. However, the first priority in the intentional procreation of the child was not the welfare of the child but rather to give it up to the parents in exchange of money. Additionally, women’s labor is commodified because the surrogate mother treats her parental rights as it was a property right not as a trust. In other words, the decisions taken concerning the child are not done primarily for the benefit of the child. The act of the mother relenting her parental rights is done for a monetary price. She disposes of her parental rights, which are to be managed for the welfare of the owner, as if they were property right, which are to be handled for personal
Women should have the right to decide whether or not they would like to have an abortion. The Merriam-Webster dictionary defines abortion as; “the termination of a pregnancy after, accompanied by, resulting in, or closely followed by the death of the embryo or fetus.” The idea of a woman’s right to have an abortion being taken away is merely incomprehensible.
Most young people envision their future in the realm of getting married and creating a family. One of the most devastating things that can happen to a young couple is to be told they cannot have children. There are several options the couple can pursue, and one of those options available is surrogacy. Society today is torn on whether or not surrogacy should be legal in today’s world. Surrogacy is very controversial for many people around the world, and opinions are strong on the subject. Surrogacy is defined as the utilization of a third party female in order for a infertile family to create a biological child for their family. Legalized surrogacy is important to many couples as an option of creating the family they have always dreamed