Supersonic commercial aircraft like Concorde and Tupolev Tu-144 faces a lot of drawbacks and design challenges, which include pesky sonic booms during flight, high cost to develop, safety issue, great weight, increased in cost per seat over subsonic airline, and insatiable fuel consumption.
Sonic booms. A sonic boom is a sound created by a supersonic aircraft traveling through the air at a speed faster than the speed of sound. During the flight, the supersonic aircraft tends to generate a massive amount of sound energy, which was so disruptive that several countries have to restrict or completely prohibit such aircraft from flying over land (Kachoria, 2013). Nonetheless, countries like the United State, Great Britain and France had allowed Trans-Atlantic flights only.
High cost. The cost of developing a supersonic commercial aircraft (Concorde) is around £1.870 billion in the 1950’s, which was funded by the France and the British government as report by Concordesst website and it is 6 times the cost of developing a Boeing B747 ($300 million) (Gates, 2010). Supersonic commercial air...
Activity #1 FLIGHT A kid named Zits who lives in Seattle, is only fifteen years old. He’s tall, skinny, ugly, and sometimes mean. He also has forty-seven zits and that’s where he gets his name from. Zits is Irish, Indian and is a foster child.
False. Under typical circumstances, which is to say, if government regulators were not involved, we might expect for the industry to coalesce around one dominant competitor; however, as it is, there are anti-trust statutes preventing such a merger, and therefore it is likely there remain a few major competitors in the space who consume 80-90% of the market share with the remaining share going to a few minor competitors for whom the major players are legally required to provide network bandwidth. Also, there is some differentiation of product, e.g. CDMA vs GSM, that allows for the development of two networks within the market and increases switching costs for the customer, such that they are relatively sticky
Aerodynamics is generally summarized in these 2 terms: “Lift against Weight” and “Thrust against Drag”. This basically means the amount of flight power generated must be equal to, or greater than the amount of weight of the airplane, and the amount of pushing generated, must be equal to or greater than the airs resistance. But the overall question, so far, is how is “Lift” and “Thrust” generated? The answer to how “Thrust” is generated is quite simple. Its sort of how a car would move, except in a much different way. Airplanes have 4 engines, which can each exert easily up to 200 PSI of air (pressure per square inch), composed of liquid fuel cylinders, and internal combustion (like a car). It also tops to 250 km per hour on the runway! But how “Lift” is generated is, the true definition of aerodynamics. The first thing you must consider to understand this is that the wing of the plane is specially designed, to force the air above the wing to rush faster, than the air beneath it. This works according to the “Bernoulli’s principle”. The reason air above the wing must be fast...
The Thunder has been my favorite team since 2011. I loved the way they played on the court and put in hard work and dedication to the game. They made it all the way to the Finals in 2012, a great achievement for a team so young and of course they still have plenty of room to grow. One way they can make their team play better is to up their ball movement; in 2011 they were dead last in the league in assists, a lot of one-on-one basketball being played. Right now in 2016 though, they are a top tier team, ranking the 4th seed in the Western Conference, arguably the strongest out of the two conferences.
With the use of airplanes as a common method of travel, in-flight safety should be a top priority for both airplane manufacturers and the companies that operate them. There should be an emphasis on updating aircraft technology to enhance passenger safety and provide an understanding of failures during flight. Today, during a crash or major in-flight incident, important aircraft information is recorded to a flight data recorder commonly referred to as the black box. Airplanes are generally equipped with two flight data recorders which may be in the same black box unit or separate black boxes. There are “two separate pieces of equipment – a cockpit voice recorder, which records all of the sound and conversations that happen in the cockpit, and a flight data recorder, which records the planes operating functions” (Bogart). This recorded information is critical to the improvement and advancement of safety policies and procedures. Unfortunately, many times the aircraft or flight data recorder is unrecoverable or the information recorded is limited. The lack of proper in-flight data recording and recovery systems prohibits critical data collected during an accident from reaching airplane manufacturers, which limits the ability to improve the safety of each airplane. The loss of such data also limits institutions from implementing new training and policies for pilots and crews that would result in overall improved flight safety. The need for more reliable and advanced in-flight data recording and recovery systems is essential to the overall safety of commercial air travel.
Airlines all around the world have to look into different types of aircrafts that best fit their needs for their passengers and the distance between destinations. Boeing and Airbus, two of the world’s biggest commercial airplane manufactures in the world have been competing to get airlines attention on when they are looking to expand their airplane fleet. This competition has been characterized as a duopoly in the large airliner market since the early nineties has when a series of mergers in the aerospace manufacture industry merged or ceased operation. Today we have to look at both competitors to see who has best airplanes in the jet airliner market. Both Airbus and Boeing have a wide product spectrum ranging between wide and narrow body aircrafts covering many combinations of capacity and range. These two companies compete head to head with similar airplanes and styles. With the upcoming generation of young pilots coming into the aviation industry, the market needs high tech airplanes for airlines to buy to help this new generation move in to place. When airlines are looking at new planes to buy, they need to look at all the different types of planes that covers range and capacity. Airlines have to make a decision on what best fits their needs when deciding between a Boeing aircraft and an Airbus aircraft.
Supersonic aircraft have a lot different structure, configuration and design. These differences are in term of the length of the fuselage, fuselage shape and wing shape; however, regardless of the differences it manages to break the sound barrier
Many people are amazed with the flight of an object, especially one the size of an airplane, but they do not realize how much physics plays a role in this amazing incident. There are many different ways in which physics aids the flight of an aircraft. In the following few paragraphs some of the many ways will be described so that you, the reader, will realize physics at work in the world of flight.
Following World War II and the jet engine technology that emerged largely toward its end, aerospace engineers knew well that the technology had great potential for use in the commercial aviation industry. The Comet was the first aircraft to utilize jet propulsion; however, its designers failed to consider the metallurgy of the aircraft’s materials under flight conditions or the consequences of their atypical window design. The aircraft was designed by Britain’s De Havilland Aircraft Company and entered service in May 1952. After a year of service, however, the design issues mentioned above resulted in the failure of several Comet aircraft. Extensive evaluations revealed that repeated pressurization stress on the aircraft’s main cabin had caused its structure to fail.
Travelling at a speed twice that of sound might seem to be something futuristic; however, this feat has already been achieved almost 40 years ago by the world’s only supersonic passenger aircraft-The Concorde. Concorde brought a revolution in the aviation industry by operating transatlantic flights in less than four hours. The slick and elegant aircraft with one of the most sophisticated engineering was one of the most coveted aircrafts of its time. However, this was all destined to end when Air France Flight 4590 was involved in a tragic disaster just outside the city of Paris on July 25, 2000. The crash killed 113 people, but more disastrous was its impact. The belief and confidence people had with Concorde gradually started to fade, and finally Concorde was grounded after two and a half years of the crash. Official reports state that the main cause of the crash was a piece of metal dropped by a Continental aircraft that flew moments before Concorde, but, over the last decade, the report has met a lot of criticism, and many alternative hypotheses have thus been proposed.
Boeing 787 Dreamliner was first announced to the public in January 2003 with approximated costs of five billion dollars , since the sales of the aircraft were high it was supposed to enter commercial service during 2008 but the building up of aircraft seemed more anticipated than expected , since the management decided to use composite materials as an alternative for traditional metals as composite materials are lighter , stronger , cheaper and also resistance to wild variety of chemical agents including acid rain and salt spray as these are the conditions under which metals suffer , Boeing also shared their views in development of air craft with suppliers which effected in a project significantly more anticipated than expected . More than three years later after the project exceeded the estimated budget at last 787 entered commercial service in September 2011.
Summary William Boeing founded the Boeing airplane company in the early 20th century. After strings of acquisitions and mergers, this company grew and became the largest global aerospace industry. Followed by previous reorganizations in the 1990s, this company decided to start its branding campaign in May 2001. This campaign consisted of lots of effort and structural changes for the first time in corporate history. The media was showing the initial success of this campaign just after its beginning.
...Another way to decrease the disturbance over the wings are to move the wings lower than the horizontal stabilizer or visa versa to allow the shock waves moving over each wing to miss each other. Most aircraft today do not have enough fuel to maintain the speed of sound for great distances. Engineers have designed a brand new aircraft known as the F-22, which has the ability to fly an entire mission at supersonic speeds. The speed of light is unattainable by aircraft due to drag. We have no materials that could with stand the heat caused by the friction of the air moving over its body, nor materials strong enough to be able to take the enormous drag. Today there is no thrust capability that would allow for the speed of light. Although aircraft has proved such things as time dilation it is still impossible for an aircraft to travel at 900,000 miles per second.
Jet2 is a mainly internet-based airline company which flies from six UK based airports to over 30 various locations around Europe.
The future of passenger aircraft and their manufactures has an amazing outlook. Every year the brightest minds in aviation compile the greatest technological advances towards creating the safest and most economical aircraft on the planet. No detail is over looked, and the bottom dollar is the all controlling factor. From private aircraft to public aircraft, space exploration and beyond, the future is bright for the passenger aircraft market, and everyone who purchases air travel should be excited to see how industry unfolds.