Superconductors research task
What is a super conductor?
A superconductor is an element or metallic alloy which when cooled below a certain temperature the material loses all electrical resistance. Therefore superconductors can allow electric current to flow without any energy loss due to no resistance. This type of current is also known as supercurrent. Due to the material has lost its electrical resistance the superconductor can carry a current indefinitely without losing energy. One properties is that no magnetic field can exist within a superconductor.
Types of superconductor.
There are two types of superconductors:
Type 1
Superconductors is manly metals and metalloids that show some conductivity at room temperature. They require extremely cold temperatures to slow down molecular vibrations to allow unimpeded electron flow in accordance with the BCS theory. The BSC theory suggest that electron team up in cooper pairs to help each other overcome molecular obstacles. Cooper pairs is two electrons that appear to team up despite the fact the both have negative charges and would normally repel each other. Below the superconducting transition temperature paired electrons form a condensate which flows without restance. Type 1 superconductors are known as soft superconductors were discovered first and require cold temperatures to become superconductive. They show a very sharp transition to a superconductive state and diamagnetism. Which is the ability to repel a magnetic field completely. Examples of type 1 are lead at 7.196K and
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Type 2
Type 2 is made up of metallic compounds and alloys and are known as hard superconductors. Superconductors are not that good conductors at room temperature and the transition to a superconductor state is more gradual than type 1. Type 2 will allow some penetration by external magnetic field into its surface.
The physical properties of a
These three sources "Energy Story", "Conducting Solutions", and a video clip "Hands-On Science" share explanations, demonstrations, and descriptions on science experiments to accomplish its purpose. In "Energy Story," it explains the use of electricity people use in their homes, and what makes it. In the video "Hands-On Science" by AnnMarie Thomas, it shows how to make homemade playdough and compare it to store brand playdough. In "Conducting Solutions" by Rodney Schreiner, it shows how certain ions have positive and negative charges. These three sources based on science show us different experiment and how to accomplish them.
Bose-Einstein condensate is a state of matter of a dilute gas of bosons cooled to a temperature very close to absolute zero. The creation of Bose-Einstein condensates is the basis for super fluidity and super conductivity and allowed for the creation of a new type of matter.
The Thunder has been my favorite team since 2011. I loved the way they played on the court and put in hard work and dedication to the game. They made it all the way to the Finals in 2012, a great achievement for a team so young and of course they still have plenty of room to grow. One way they can make their team play better is to up their ball movement; in 2011 they were dead last in the league in assists, a lot of one-on-one basketball being played. Right now in 2016 though, they are a top tier team, ranking the 4th seed in the Western Conference, arguably the strongest out of the two conferences.
[IMAGE] Most reactive Potassium Sodium Lithium Calcium Magnesium Aluminium Zinc Iron Tin Lead Copper ------ Silver Gold Potassium Least reactive Electrical flow through metals work like this: the current in the metal is carried by electrons and will only flow if there charges which can move freely.
The molar specific heats of most solids at room temperature and above are nearly constant, in agreement with the Law of Dulong and Petit. At lower temperatures the specific heats drop as quantum processes become significant. The Einstein-Debye model of specific heat describes the low temperature behavior.
Pure iron has a hardness that ranges from 4 to 5. It is soft and ductile. Iron can be easily magnetized at ordinary temperatures and at 790°C the magnetic property disappears. Pure iron melts at about 1535°C, boils at 2750°C, and has a specific gravity of 7.86. Chemically, iron is an active metal. When exposed to humid air, iron forms a reddish-brown, flaky, decay known as rust.
Superconductivity, a similar phenomenon, was discovered in 1911 by Dutch physicist Heike Kamerlingh Onnes. When he cooled some mercury down to liquid helium temperatures, it began to conduct electricity with no resistance at all. People began experimenting with other metals, and found that many tranisition metals exhibit this characteristic of 0 resistance if cooled sufficiently. Superconductors are analagous to superfluids in that the charges within them move somewhat like a superfluid - with no resistance through sections of extremely small cross-sectional area. Physicists soon discovered that oxides of copper and other compounds could reach even higher superconducting temperatures. Currently, the highest temperature at wich a material can be superconductive is 138K, and is held by the compound Hg0.8Tl0.2Ba2Ca2Cu3O8.33.
Type I supernovae, lack hydrogen in their line spectra. These types of supernovae exhibit a sharp maxima in their light curves, then gradually dies away. There are three subclasses of type I, Ia, Ib, and Ic. In type Ia, the white dwarf star has a companion star in a binary system. The stars must be close enough where the red giant’s material may flow into the white dwarf.
The MMXX is Tesla’s flagship model which will be the launching face of Tesla in the U.A.E. It will lead to the image as it will be the only entirely electric luxury sedan in the marketplace starting at $120,000. It will pose as a luxury car with great performance that simply has the added benefit of being a fully electric vehicle without sacrificing style and performance. And appealing to the elite market is the MStar model starting at a price of $400,000.
When we place two objects with different temperatures in contact with each other, the heat from the hotter object will immediately and automatically flow to the colder object. This is known as conduction. Some objects make excellent conductors of heat while others make poor conductors of heat or excellent insulators. Silver, copper, and gold make excellent conductors of heat. Foams and plastics make good insulators of heat but make poor conductors. Last night for dinner, I made myself a grilled cheese sandwich and a bowl of tomato soup. I heated the soup faster than I cooked the sandwich so I poured the hot soup into a bowl and finished cooking the sandwich. Once I was done cooking, I gabbed the soup bowl and burned my hand. The heat from the soup made the bowl hot. This is an example of conduction.
Diamagnetism is the tendency of a material to oppose an externally applied magnetic field and hence be repelled by a magnetic field. It is the property of all existing materials. However, in case of paramagnetic materials the paramagnetic behavior dominates and hence they tend to enhance the external magnetic field. Although the property is present in all materials the diamagnetic nature can only be observed in pure diamagnetic materials.
First off, what is current. Current is expressed in a unit called Amps. Amps are a measurement of how many electrons pass per second. That is to say, a wire with 40 coulombs passing any point in a 2 seconds would be said to have 20 Amps of current (40 Coulombs (a unit of charge given as 6.24x1018 electrons) / time in seconds or in this case, 2 seconds. The Amp is also known as Coulombs per second) Another trick about current is that it is measured in the movement of the positive charge. Literally that is to say the current moves in oppostion to the electrons. This is because originally it was thought that the positive charge is what moved, both are viable, but in reality a positive charge is generally fixed since within an atom the electrons are migratory, while the protons and neutrons tend to be stationary.
As a graduate student, I will undertake research and coursework in Electrical Engineering to enhance my competencies in this field. I intend to complete my master's degree in order to pursue my doctorate. The research that I am most interested in pursuing at Northeastern University surrounds the optical properties of MEMS devices, and the development of substrate-based fast electro-optical interfaces. My interest in this area stems from my undergraduate study in MEMs development for tri-axial accelerometers.
Electrical Engineers research, develop, design, and test electronic components, products, and systems for commercial, industrial, medical, military, and scientific applications (Cosgrove 749). They are concerned with devices that use small amounts of electricity that make up electronic components such as integrated circuits and microprocessors. By applying principles and techniques of electronic engineering they design, develop, and manufacture products such as computers, telephones, radios, and stereo systems (EGOE, 121). Electrical engineers touch everyone lives through the things they have designed or created. Electrical engineers have invented the lights in your house, the television, the stereo, the telephone, computers, and even your doctor’s blood pressure gauge (Stine 300).
Humans these days take electricity for granted. We don’t truly understand what life was like without it. Most young adults will tell you their life does not depend on electricity, but they aren’t fooling anyone. They all know that their life depends on electricity; whether it’s television, their phone, Google, or the lights in their house. We need to stop taking those things for granted and give credit where credit is due. That is why I chose to write about the scientists who contributed to the discovery of electricity, which then helped modern scientists fuel the electricity phenomenons we now have today.