The Most Versatile Firearm in the World: The AR-15
Trevor Burgart
8th Period
American Literature
February 6, 2017
Bam bam bam! Oh the awesome sounds of a firearm. Understanding firearms is a very good thing to know, that way if the need arises, you can defend yourself, and know how to take care of your firearm. It will also help you build your own rifle, in this case an AR-15, so you know the ins and outs of firearms. Firearms can either be mechanically simple or complicated, but if you know some of the basic operating principles and the parts that all work together, it will be a lot easier to understand.
Firearms today use cartridges, and cartridges are made up of various parts that all work together to make sure that the
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These parts all work together to make sure the firing pin firmly strikes the primer on the cartridge and sends the bullet out of the barrel towards the intended target. First is the trigger, which on the AR-15 has the sear directly attached to it. The trigger extends into the lower receiver and the sear sits horizontally, they are one piece. The front part of the sear sits in a groove in the bottom part of the hammer. When the trigger is pulled, it pulls the sear down which pulls it out of the groove in the base of the hammer. The hammer spring then launches the hammer, rotating it towards the rear of the bolt carrier, where the firing pin is. “When the trigger is pulled, the front edge of the trigger moves downward, disengaging the hammer, allowing the hammer spring to drive the hammer forward into the firing pin. This action causes the firing pin to move slightly forward impacting the primer of the cartridge, thus causing the powder charge to ignite.” (Conway, Gary) According to AR15BARRELS.COM, “Primer flash ignites powder charge, instantly creating great pressure within the cartridge case.” That pressure helps force the bolt backwards. As the bolt carrier group flies backwards, it pushes the hammer back, and the hook that is on the hammer …show more content…
The upper, much like the lower, is all low tolerance high quality machined pieces of art. The upper receiver houses the bolt carrier group, the charging handle, the dust cover, the forward assist, the barrel, gas block, gas tube, handguard, sights, and optics. The bolt carrier houses the bolt, the bolt is what has the extractor and ejector attached to it. The extractor grabs the rim of the cartridge and pulls the casing out of the chamber after firing, when the bolt carrier group gets all the way back, the ejector is actuated and pops out quickly to eject the casing from the receiver. All the bolt carrier does is house the bolt. The charging handle is used to pull the bolt carrier group back, and the forward assist does the opposite, if the bolt carrier group doesn’t go into battery (fully go forward) then the forward assist needs to be pushed to force it forward. Another one of the most important components of any firearm is the barrel, at the back of the barrel is the chamber, which is where the cartridge is at prior to firing. “It’s really a straightforward mechanical operation. The best and brightest firearms designers have achieved it for the past 120 years with a variety of ingenious solutions.” (Hopkins, Cameron) When fired, the bullet actually is pushed by the gases, forcing it through the barrel. When the bullet gets past the gas port, some of the
There are many internal parts to the injector. Starts with a barrel then moves down to a plunger then there is a check valve, below that is a spacer with the nozzle springs inside of it, lastly is the nozzle. All of these parts have specific and unique jobs. Nozzle has a needle in it that works kind of like a piston that once the pressure build up the needle forces forward and sprays fuel. There is a spacer above the nozzle with the nozzle springs that force the needle down. Above the spacer is a check valve, the check valve allows the right amount of fuel into the nozzle. The plunger and barrel are located above the check valve. It has a spring on the plunger that has to hold resistance of the pressure until it reaches the correct amount before it will let the injector fires. There is two internal o-rings one that is around the plunger and one that sets between the nut and body.
The way in which the gas is let out is that there is a needle in a valve in the top of the tank and when the tank is screwed into the paintball marker the needle gets pressed down and the entire system becomes pressurized and is ready to be fired. Then when the gun is cocked and the trigger is pulled the bolt is pushed forward, accelerated by the force of the C02 acting behind it and pushes the paintball out. Then the bolt comes back into the read position and the C02 is no longer flowing and is again pushing against the bolt.
If a double feed occurs,(two rounds chambering at the same time), the problem is with the magazine. The lips are spread to far apart allowing a second round to jump out of the clip as the first is being stripped.
It should be noted that there are many different ways that are employed to get a marker to shoot a paintball out of the marker. Nearly every brand of marker has a different firing system. All have several things in common. They all have some sort of tank with compressed air or C02 or Nitrogen. Then they usually have sort of bolt and hammer system which is cocked back and held in place by a sear which compresses a spring. When the trigger is pulled it releases the sear. The restoring force of the spring pushes the bolt and the hammer forward starting the paintball moving then the C02 is released propelling the ball outward.
Soldiers were ordered to load and they would take a cartridge and rip it open. Sometimes they would open them with their own teeth. After they opened it, they poured powder into the pan of the firing mechanism to fill it up. They would pour the main portion of the powder down into the barrel, and then they folded paper and put it into the barrel and dropped the ball at the top. They used the ramrod under the barrel of the musket to...
If there was no weapon found at the scene and there are other evidence clues that lead to a suspect, and if the suspect had a firearm the forensics team would get a warrant to retrieve the weapon so it could be tested. When the weapon is being tested, it will allow the the bullet have individual marks that will be compared to the ones found at the scene. All of these comparisons are done under a microscope since technology has improved and it is easier to make matches. According to Young & Ortmeier (2011) “class characteristics include weight of the projectile, direction of twist of the riffling, degree of twist of riffling, number of lands and groves, and width of lands and groves.” Even though guns from the same manufacture will never have the same riffling, lands or grove. When evaluating two cartridge casings the examiner will be looking for manufacture, the size of the firing pin as well as the location. The FBI has made a integrated ballistic identification system (IBIS) it's a database that helps crime labs with comparisons where it proves one gun being used in many crimes. In addition, gunshot residue is helpful solving crimes because gunshot residue can be chemically tested. If an individual has gunshot residue it doesn't prove he or she shot the victims, it just means that they were along the premises while the gun was fired. Another
M253 Cannon (barrel): The M253 cannon consists of the barrel, sealed at the lower end with a removable breech plug that houses a removable firing pin. At the muzzle end is a cone-shaped Blast Attenuator Device (BAD) that is fitted to reduce noise.
The gun was a hand-crank-operated weapon with six barrels revolving around a central shaft. Having a gun that revolves was very difficult because the barrels would not always line up correctly when being fired. The original gun was actually designed to fire the standard military issue paper cartridge of the day, .58 caliber. A .58 caliber bullet has a diameter of an inch and is capable of damaging anything it hits. The paper cartridge was placed inside a steel or brass chamber with a percussion nipple on the back end just like the muzzle loading rifles and pistols of there time.
...rounds per minute, all with just the pull of the trigger. The recoil operation was a milestone in machine gun development. Warfare had truly changed. “Point a machine, and killing men was like killing bugs” (Chivers, 2010, p.85). It used new forms of cartridges which were placed on a belt that was automatically fed into the gun via the recoil operation.
Other technology that is currently being tested requires the gun owner to wear a ring, wristband, or watch which activates a computer within the gun allowing it to fire. Colt currently has a prototype which uses a ring or
When a suspect’s weapon is examined in the lab, it will be test fired into a box filled with cotton or a tank of water to provide the examiner with the bullets and cartridges with a known history. Using a microscope, the known cartridges are compared with the ones in question. With some patience, skill, and a little luck, experts can definitively say that a certain firearm and no other fired this bullet, or ejected this cartridge.
Next small beads covered in tiny black plastic powder are rolled over the drum. The powder is attracted to the drum at areas of positive charge because the toner is negatively charged.
So what is it that determines the trajectory of the bullet once it has left the barrel? Aside from gravity, it is the weight, shape, and velocity of the bullet...
Firearms identification is too often referred to as ballistics. The accurate definition can be referred to as, the identification of fired bullets, cartridge cases or other ammunition components as having been fired from a specific firearm. Due to the firearm being composed of hard metal like a tool, it creates markings on the cartridge components causing it to be more like Toolmark Identification.
I put the one bullet in the magazine and load the rifle. I take a