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The definition of the view of friendship
The importance of friendship
The importance of friendship
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Aristotle uses his book Rhetoric, to teach his audience about the means of which we go about persuading others. He expands on this idea by speaking about the three means of persuasion: ethos, pathos, and logos. Each book is focused on the three different modes of persuasion, with this paper mainly focusing on the second one, pathos, and more specifically, the section on friendship. Through Aristotle’s Rhetoric, we can better understand how friendship arises, what the purpose of friends are in rhetoric, and what causes enmity. Before we can explore the purpose of friendship while engaging in rhetoric, we first must define what friendship means to Aristotle. He lays it out perfectly by saying, “We may describe friendly feeling towards anyone
Rhetorical appeals apply to everyday life and the three sections of the rhetoric’s cover all elements of persuasion. Moore and Machiavelli do an outstanding job of explaining their points and why you should believe what they are saying. Both author’s did a great job of educating and informing their viewers although they were two significantly different pieces. Moore and Machiavelli’s work are each their own with respect to purpose and lessons but they also both come together in regards to using Aristotle’s three rhetorical appeals.
Late one evening, curled up in her nest, Harriet lay thoughtfully reading the last of Aristotle’s model of friendships: the perfect friendship. Though no secret to Harriet, Aristotle presents the idea that it is the most desirable and genuine of the three forms. The foundation of this friendship is not trivial, but instead the relationship is built on a common good and virtuous nature. As Aristotle explains, “those who love for the sake of utility love for the sake of what is good for themselves, and those who love for the sake of pleasure do so for the sake of what is pleasant to themselves.” Aristotle continues, “Perfect friendship is the friendship of men who are good, and alike in virtue; for those wish well alike to each other qua good, and they are good in themselves.” (concluding sentence or two...)
Cicero explained the strength of friendship when compared to the bond existing due to kinship. He explained that the friendship required goodwill as explained by Aristotle. However, in his view about friendship Cicero defined friendship as a particular identity that is strengthened by affection and goodwill. According to him, it is the absolute feeling by an individual about everything and anything on earth and heaven. Cicero explains the importance of friendship and the advantages of being free and open to oneself. He explains that friends should express themselves freely without hiding internal thoughts. He says that friendship is like money, and nobody can take it away. He goes ahead to say that famous and true friendship is supposed to be enduring and strong. Unlike Aristotle, Cicero did not categorize his
While watching the movie Charlie and the Chocolate Factory I found several examples of Aristotle’s rhetorical concepts: Logos, Ethos, Pathos, Telos, and Karios. In this paper I will be giving brief examples of my findings using quotes and brief explanations of scenes from the movie and how they relate to the concept.
Aristotle first explains what all entail friendship. That it is a feeling similar to that of necessity and a good overall pleasure-filled feeling, though some like me may disagree on this. Friendship is that which consists of a given mutual feelings towards one another. These feelings would consist of goodwill. Then Aristotle continues on to the three kinds of friendship. The first kind of friendship is that being one based on utility. At this point this is where both people coming together would gain some sort of benefit from one another. The second kind of friendship is one that is based on pleasure. This is where both people
Primarily, after maintaining that rhetoric is the counterpart of dialectic, Aristotle defines dialectic as the general method of debating issues starting from the widely-accepted ideas or “endoxa” and holding up arguments while avoiding contradiction. According to Aristotle, allowing a critical and a thorough examination of both sides of an argument, dialectic was capable of testing the old ideas and discovering new ones. Especially, both dialectic and rhetoric begin with a endoxa in that they involve reasoning that is premised on the commonly held opinions. However, while rhetoric employs sources of support, dialectic on the other hand avoids proofs originating from the character of the speaker as well as his emotions that are aroused by the
Philosophers have discuss and debate about friendship and the true meaning to be a friend to others Aristotle have given requirements as well as qualities a friend possession within different types of friendships. He debates that a good man does not need friends but the points he brings up proves that a good man can not live a pleasant life in solitary.
In Aristotle’s Nicomachean Ethics, he distinguishes three types of friendships; utility, pleasure, and complete, of which corresponds to a particular type of good either coming from or residing in the friend. Aristotle states that friendships of utility and pleasure are defective, and that a complete friendship is the closest to perfection. Throughout all of the friendships each individual must be aware of the purpose of the relationship. In addition, friendship improves virtues such as modesty, and as a result enhances eudemonia.
Persuasion is a difficult skill to master. One has to take into account the ideologies held by the audience and how those relate to one’s own intentions of changing minds. In order to encourage her troops to fight courageously in defense of England, Queen Elizabeth I utilizes Aristotle’s principles of effective communication that include logos, pathos and ethos in her Speech to the English Troops at Tilbury, Facing the Spanish Armada.
Aristotle’s Nicomachean Ethics discusses virtue as a disposition to act in a manner that is a mean between excess and deficiency. In the following, friendship will be shown to be a virtue by explaining the different kinds of friendship. Beginning by understanding what a virtue is for Aristotle will show that friendship is a desirable state of character and help prove it is a virtue. By contemplating the value of friendship and it’s importance to the moral good of human action, the paper will show that friendship is a virtue. Reflecting upon these topics will finally point to the fact that friendship is a virtue.
Aristotle’s three types of rhetoric comprise of “the political, forensic, and the ceremonial oratory or display,” (Mueller, 93). Aristotle elaborates on how the three elements of the “speaker, subject and the person being addressed” ultimately “determines the speech’s end and object.” (Mueller, 93). The political form of rhetoric focuses on convincing individuals to act or not to act in a given situation. In this form of rhetoric, the speaker is either convincing the audience on a subject being addressed to do something or not to do something. Aristotle claims that these individuals are designated for “men who address public assemblies” (Mueller, 93). Forensic rhetoric deliberately takes a side on either the defense of the accused or against the accused and disputes that stance in front of a speaker, subject, and a person being addressed.
As previously mentioned, Aristotle has identified three forms of friendships. The first is friendship built on utility. This type of friendship is based on whether it is beneficially satisfying for both parties. For example, if there is no one familiar in a person’s new class, one will try to form a friendship to receive class notes when they miss. Aristotle demonstrates this when
In Aristotle’s book, he talks a lot about the individual person. However, in one chapter, he switches gears to talk about friends. Aristotle gives his opinions on friendship and major themes like the three kinds of friendships.
Aristotle evidently states that friendship is a virtue and is necessary for our existence. It is not possible to live without friends nor would we want to (Pakaluk, 30). Aristotle talks about three different kinds of friendship which are based on utility, pleasure, and goodness. Friendships that are based on utility are likely to fade away fast because they are out to achieve something good for themselves through the other person and once that is accomplished or taken away then friendship is lost (Pakaluk, 32). Friendships based on pleasure work comparable to the ones based on utility. Once the pleasure is gone or no longer needed the friendship could expire. Lastly, those who love for goodness, reflect one another and want the same greatness for each other. Friendships that are genuine and true are based on this quality and usually have a long lasting presence.
Aristotle identifies three motivations for friendship: usefulness, pleasure and good. He postulates that when people seek friendship, they look for someone who is worthy of their affection based on one of those three motives. Whether his argument is true is debatable. Many might object to this simplification of such a complex topic. However, his theory holds weight within the context of Book VIII.