Introduction Byrd-Craven et al. (2012) chose to focus their research on whether the perceived father-daughter relationship quality is related to activity of salivary cortisol and salivary alpha-amylase in the later phase of transitioning from adolescence into adulthood during peer interactions. As these two hormones are both involved in stress responses, the goal of the study is to understand what stressors may be to related the release these hormones. This study was conducted because Byrd-Craven et al. (2012) found that this area of study lacks specific information concerning the correlation between these two concepts. This research study hypothesized that positive relationships are associated with lower cortisol and sAA levels before stress …show more content…
This saliva collection was to be taken mid-week to eliminate any sleeping disruptions that may have developed because of the weekend. Study two consisted of the use of 20 close friendship dyads which required forty undergraduate women with an average age of 19 years. The total amount of time that the participants were engaged in this study was, on average, a total of an hour and forty-five minutes. Two sessions were used for this study to reduce issues that may result from being in a laboratory setting. The first session was used to complete the two questionnaires and the second session was used to normally discuss a problem each participant chose from the Problem Generator Questionnaire. Saliva was collected from both friends 10 minutes before the task, immediately after; which the sAA levels are most likely to be at their peak after the stressor; and as 10-15 minutes after, which cortisol levels are also likely at their peak. The friends were then separated after the task to prevent further …show more content…
Study one was found to be a generally significant model. Relationships that were perceived as negative were associated with lower morning cortisol, while there was no significance found in warmer perceived relationships. For study two, both perceived relationships were analyzed simultaneously for each dependent variable. The overall model predicting the cortisol levels before the task was significant, higher perceived negative was related to higher pre-task cortisol. They hypothesized that there were to be an association with perceived relationships and sAA levels before stressors were introduced but this was found not significant. The change rating was determined by subtracting post task from pre-task scores. During the problem discussion, negatively perceived ratings were related to a greater cortisol release, while the effect of warm perception was not. The sAA level models were not significant in comparing either father relationship type. One of Byrd-Craven et al. (2007) goals was to determine whether the perceived relationship was associated with attention and discussion of psychosocial stressors compared to other stressors. The warmer perceived relationships were associated with less discussion of the psychosocial stressors, whereas the negative perception father scores had more frequent
In their articles, Chang Rae-Lee and Amy Tan establish a profound ethos by utilizing examples of the effects their mother-daughter/mother-son relationships have had on their language and writing. Lee’s "Mute in an English-Only World" illustrates his maturity as a writer due to his mother’s influence on growth in respect. Tan, in "Mother Tongue," explains how her mother changed her writing by first changing her conception of language. In any situation, the ethos a writer brings to an argument is crucial to the success in connecting with the audience; naturally a writer wants to present himself/herself as reliable and credible (Lunsford 308). Lee and Tan, both of stereotypical immigrant background, use their memories of deceased mothers to build credibility in their respective articles.
What is a Wife? What is a Daughter? Are they the same, or are they different? A wife supports a husband, but a daughter could also have the same position could she not? A daughter could marry and become a wife, and still be a daughter. Than again, a wife could be an only child, and a wife could have no father. A wife compares to a daughter in many ways, and differs in many different ways as well. All in all, it?s quite possible that all women, go through at least one of these titles, at one point in there lives.
For many of us growing up, our mothers have been a part of who we are. They have been there when our world was falling apart, when we fell ill to the flu, and most importantly, the one to love us when we needed it the most. In “Two Kinds” by Amy Tan, it begins with a brief introduction to one mother’s interpretation of the American Dream. Losing her family in China, she now hopes to recapture part of her loss through her daughter. However, the young girl, Ni Kan, mimics her mother’s dreams and ultimately rebels against them.
It’s quite suspicious how the two plays Much Ado About Nothing by William Shakespeare and The Crucible by Arthur Miller both feature a father-daughter, father-niece, and cousin-niece relationship. In this essay, the relationships between Hero, Beatrice, Leonato and Betty, Abby, and Parris will be thoroughly examined. The differences between Hero, Beatrice, Leonato (from Much Ado About Nothing) and Betty, Abby, and Parris’ (from The Crucible) relationships are striking, and they merit rigorous examination.
Act 1 Scene 2. Old Capulet is talking to Paris, a suitor whom he wants
Being loved and accepted is a basic human need. One of the forms of love and acceptance comes from parental love. A growing body of research shows that the quality of parent-child relationships, characterized either in the form of love and acceptance (loving) or hatred and rejecting (lack of love) may have implication on a person’s behavior, cognition, and emotion. Vast array of studies state that the type of relationship exist in parent-child relation is a major predictor for the development of for offspring’s (children and adult) psychosocial functioning, such as mental health, behavioral traits and academic achievement (Tam, Lee, Kumarasuria & Har, 2012). For example, Naz and Kausar (2013) found that perceived rejection of parents is related to the development of maladjusted personalities and depressive symptoms in female participants. Based on their study, perceived parental rejection correlates positively with females’ maladjusted behaviors and depression.
In Middle Ages literature, the relationship between a son and his guardian plays a huge role in the advancement of the novel. Three writings in particular prove how this relationship is beneficial to showing the responsibilities of a father and son in the novel. The relationship between a father and song can be seen in the Song of Roland where Roland is the nephew of the King Charlemagne. Roland is given the responsibility of guarding the back flank of the army and refuses to show his weakness to Charlemagne when he dies defending it. In the story of Beowulf, Hrothgar acts as a father figure toward Beowulf. Hrothgar cannot successfully defend his kingdom from Grendel and despite being senior to Beowulf, issues Beowulf to help get rid of the monster. In the story of Lancelot, the relationship between Meleagant and his father shows how despite being connected by blood, what is right prevails. The relationships of father and son in these texts are prevalent in revealing family relations during the time.
“to fathers with daughters” is a poem by Rupi Kaur from her book Milk and Honey, it touches on the very prevalent problem in America that children, in this case girls, need to be handled with anger and yelling when they make a mistake. This is very real and true in today’s America. “to fathers with daughters” shows Rupi’s relationship with her father caused her and many other women like her to search for toxic or even abusive relationships because that is what they were used to. What we see at home becomes our normal and we unconsciously seek those types of relationships.
When someone thinks about the definition of a father, he or she thinks about the support, care, love, and knowledge a father gives to his offspring. Most people automatically believe that biological fathers, along with the mothers, raise their children. However, that is not always the case. There are many children across the world who are raised without their father. These children lack a father figure. People do not realize how detrimental the lack of a father figure can be to the child, both mentally and emotionally. Enrolling boys between the ages of 5 to 16 without father figures in programs, such as Big Brothers Big Sisters, that involve building a relationship with someone who can serve as a role model is essential to prevent males from depression, difficulty in expressing emotions, and other consequences of having an absent father figure.
GEHER, G. (2000). Perceived and Actual Characteristics of Parents and Partners: A Test of a Freudian Model of Mate Selection. Current Psychology: A Journal for Diverse Perspectives on Diverse Psychological Issues,, 21.
The topic I have chosen for my paper is that of relationship between parents and children. Some of the points that I will be discussing are child abuse, child neglect and how it can affect a child and the relationship with the parents.
Stress is a situation that most people face in their day, whenever it be at home or in work. However, high schoolers might face increased stress during their daily routine. Stress is a natural reaction when it feels if it’s threatened; one’s body releases many special kinds of hormones including but not limited to cortisol and adrenaline. However, it’s obvious to us that some may not need these reactions when doing something harmless like taking a test as opposed to sprinting away from a hungry tiger, but not to our bodies. This causes overuse in stress, which has the potential to cause many health problems ranging from sleep deprivation and heart problems (Segal et al.). I have investigated some of the many activities of a high schooler, from relationships to sports to college applications. I have looked into if the high schoolers are stressed in a cause to this, and if there’s any effect the stress has in other activities. I discussed with a high school track coach of a prestigious team, John Murtaugh of Pascack Valley, a high school senior, and polled almost 80 other actual high schoolers or high school alumni from various backgrounds. Using all of the extensive information I gathered from them and many other sources. From my research, I have concluded that a high schooler’s life could be very stressful.
In today’s American culture there is an increasingly high amount of young female children living in homes affected by a divorce and absentee fathers. The effect that the lack of paternal involvement among female children has a great impact on these young ladies development in relationships, academics and emotional well-being. The father-daughter relationship is a topic that needs to be addressed as those young ladies develop into women and mothers’ of the future. The influence that a father has by being involved in his daughter’s life will set a lifelong impression that can impact the way she seeks out her male companionship. Her self-image as she develops into a woman and how she does in her academic
Joplin, J. R., Quick, J. C., & Nelson, D. L. (Nov., 1999). Attachment Behavior and Health:
According to the results of Freud’s study of “Dora”, fathers play a critical role in any girl’s development as they are protectors of their daughter’s self-esteem during a vulnerable period of life. In Silas Marner (1861) and The Book Thief(2005), both fathers prove to play an important role in their daughters’ lives. When comparing Eliot 's novel about a lonely weaver whose life was transformed by the love of his adopted daughter and Zusak 's novel about a nine year old German girl who was given up by her mother to live with her adoptive parents, I will focus on how the father and daughter relationships are viewed by contemporary readers and readers from the setting of both novels. Also I will look at the psychoanalytical readings of father