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Characteristics of formative and summative assessment
Characteristics of formative and summative assessment
Characteristics of formative and summative assessment
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The check list provides a means to assess student achievement on performance. It evaluates whether a specific criteria has been met. There are only two choices in judging each criterion whether it is present or not. Moskal (2000) stated checklist is appropriate choice for evaluating when the information is limited to the determination of whether specific criteria have been met. The checklist is used for diagnostic and is able to chart student’s progress. Many marking criteria can be subjective, however the marking criteria is not seen in this way as decisions are seen as definite (Dart and Boulton-Lewis 1998). There are a number of different types of checklists such as behaviour checklist, product checklist, and procedural checklist. Checklist is the simplest type of marking guide and provides a list of all the elements needed in a response. This provides a basic formative feedback enabling students to identify items they may have over looked (Killen 2005).
For grading summative assessment it can be difficult in transfer it into a single score. There may be a number of criteri...
Summative Assessment- The summative assessment will be the paper due on day six. The paper will be worth fifty points and a rubric can be found in the materials and resource section.
Checklists provide a list of activities and expectations that are developmentally appropriate and that are centered on the learner. The checklists normally cover all the major areas of curriculum. Those areas can differ form grade to grade. The performance indicators in the checklists should come from state and national curriculum standards. The teacher should also include their own objectives or expectations in the checklists. Now with every checklist area there should be a detailed developmental guideline that breaks down each area and explains why this area is significant to a child’s development. The guidelines really help with inter-observer reliability. Any teacher should be able to enter a classroom and come up with the same evaluation at the end because the performance guidelines are so clear-cut. These guidelines also pull from multiple different sources including those at the state and national level. In creating these checklists you have the beginnings of a profile for each student. The profile that you can then show to parents or guardians whenever they ask how their child is
Three years after the No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB) moved into our schools there is a great deal of controversy that questions whether the act implemented by President George W. Bush is helping or hurting an already suffering school system. There are many dimensions of the NCLB act that have been questioned over the past three years; the fair assessment of students with disabilities is one of them. As the National Center for Fair & Open Testing (NCFOT) reported, the public relations aspect of this act is strong.
The district is now making all teachers use an assessment tool called iReady. It is a website that assesses students in math and reading. They are first tested on a kindergarten through fifth grade range to find out what they know. Then the program takes that score and determines the right level for the child and they are tested again on the level. Once all students have been assessed the program orders the students from highest to lowest and by average grade level skill they are on: early second grade, middle second grade, late second grade or any other grade. The teacher uses those scores to create her reading groups, math groups and the students she will give extra assistance to. They haven’t officially established how many times and when they will do this iReady assessment but for now they are doing it once a week for forty five minutes. The test also flags if they spent too long or too little time on a question. The ones that spent less than 15 seconds per problem are to go back and do the assessment again.
The 1997-updated law under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) affected assessment techniques for students with disabilities. This law requires students with disabilities participate in the general education curriculum to the extent possible. The recent trend towards inclusion has forced educators to develop ways to assess special needs students working in the general education classroom. Brain research tells us that students have different learning styles; therefore, we should have alternative grading methods to meet the needs of students with learning disabilities.
I feel that this model ties in nicely to our current policies and especially ties into the Danielson framework and the Common Core Standards. The easy to follow format of the assessment model made sense and really stuck with me.
The importance of involving the learner and others in the assessment process is the learner’s employers and work colleges are with the learner on a daily basis and can therefore contribute to proving that the learner is competent in their field of work. Also having the employers involved, gives them the reassurance that their employee is progressing in the qualification and is also gaining more knowledge for the job role they are in. And, identify areas that need more training from the employer.
Teachers would share information and research as well as their own experiences to support and develop the grading reform. An English teacher had shared her experience on using the method of practicing and retaking for her assessments. Students who didn’t do well in a section the first time had the chance to put their practice into extra work for the second time, and the grading of that work had replaced the first. As a result, more than 65% of her students scores had increased and they were able to master the skill. This development had strengthen their grading.
Referred to as “assessment of learning,” (Chappuis, J., Stiggins, Chappuis, S., & Arter, 2012, pg. 5) components of summative learning include evaluating, measuring, and making judgements about student knowledge, both on individual levels and group levels. Rather than supporting learning by way of formative assessment, summative assessment verifies learning, (Chappuis, J., Stiggins, Chappuis, S., Arter, 2012). Naturally, this is what interests educational stakeholders: administrators, parents, teachers, and those who create educational policies. (Chappuis, J., Stiggins, Chappuis, S., & Arter, 2012, pg. 5). Summative assessment historically and presently presents itself in the form of graded quizzes, tests, graded papers and presentations, district benchmark tests, state standardized tests, and college entrance
In this assignment I will be analysing the purpose of assessment whilst demonstrating my understanding of the different assessment methods used. I will also be giving a brief explanation of my understanding of VACSR describing my understanding of what each element means and its importance when used in assessment. Furthermore I will be describing two assessment methods that I have used whilst teaching evaluating each method using VACSR identifying strengths and areas of improvement. Finally I will justify the reasons for using the two assessment methods chosen.
Educational assessment typically is recommended when a student has not met academic expectations. There are various standardized tests and methods that can be useful identifying a student’s academic strengths, weaknesses, competence with specific material, yet other factors may explain a discrepancy in ability-namely limitations resulting physical or cognitive impairments. As such, nonacademic functional tasks should be included in an assessment of a student’s educational difficulties and incorporated into the educational plan (Pearson Education, Inc., 2008).
Teachers have always used grades to measure the amount a student has learned. This practice is becoming ineffective. Many students have a wide range of grades, which show that grades may not show what a student really knows. Therefore, the standard grading system should be replaced. Some reasons why grades should be replaced are bad grades can hinder a child’s performance, grades define who a student is in the classroom, and grades are not an effective way to see if students have learned the material. The current grading system should be upgraded and every school should incorporate the plus/minus system in their method of grading.
Traditional grading system will be my focus of this essay. Grading as numbers or letters, a conventional way of assessing students’ achievement, is one part of education and has been lately in controversy in USA. The argument is that the conventional grading practice is not in support of the ultimate objectives of education. In fact, it is in conflict with the values of education. Thus in this essay, I will argue that traditional grading does not play the role it is supposed to play and it is time to have a new and better alternative to this.
When one thinks of the term assessment, they will most likely think of a test. This is what we know as summative assessment. Summative assessment can be defined as evaluation of student learning at the end of a unit (Formative vs. Summative).
Through assessment students and teachers are able to determine the level of mastery a student has achieved with standards taught. Both formative and summative assessment should be purposeful and targeted to gain the most accurate data to drive further instruction (Ainsworth, 2010). While this syllabus does a good job of identifying the need for both formal and informal assessments, the way in which this is communicated does not provide enough detail for understanding. Simply listing assessment types does not give any insight into how these assessments fit in the learning process of this course. While some of the assessments mentioned could be common assessments chosen by the school or district to gain insight into the effectiveness of instruction, the inclusion of authentic assessments is most beneficial to students and demonstrates learning in a context closer to that of a work environment (Rovai, 2004). Unfortunately, this particular course, according to this syllabus, relies heavily on quizzes and traditional tests and essays to form the bulk of assessment opportunities. While other activities, such as formative assessments, journaling and discussions are mentioned as possible avenues for scoring, they are given a very low percentage of the overall grade. This shows that they are not valued for their ability to show progression and mastery. If this is indeed the case, this puts the students as a