Distinguish between problem-focused coping and emotion-focused coping.
Lazarus and Susan Folkman (1984) were the first scholars to make the distinction between problem-focused coping and emotion-focused coping.
Problem-focused coping seeks to ameliorate the stress being caused by a given situation by identifying and making efforts to deal with the source of the problem. It may involve taking action to remove a stressor or to evade a threatening stimulus. Problem focused coping attempts to modify the stressful problem or source of stress Problem- focused strategies lead to changes in behavior or the development of plan of action to deal with stress. A person may take time off from stress by creating positive events. For example, taking a day off from caring for a relative with a serious illness to go to the beach can bring significant relief from stress.
Alternatively, emotion-focused coping is to reduce then density of distressing emotions associated with stress—that is, the aim is to make oneself feel better about a real or perceived threat or stressor without addressing the source of the stress. Emotion-focused coping often occurs when problem-focused coping fails to reduce the stress in a situation or when the stressor is so great that problem focused coping has no real likelihood of helping. It can also come into play when many aspects of a situation are out of one’s control, such as when one is dealing with a terminal illness or the sudden death of a loved one. Emotion-focused coping is when we try to reduce the negative emotional responses associated with stress such as embarrassment, anxiety, or fear (Delongis & Holtzman, 2005). Examples of Emotion- focused coping includes strategies such as accepting sympathy from others...
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...s daily and weekly to aid in reducing stress in my life. I enjoy watching a comedy at the end of my work day i.e. big bang theory and two and a half men. Some days I would call a friend and chat via cell phone or Skype or chat on Face book. Further, I going to the mall on weekends it relaxes me and best of all I love nature so when I get a chance I go up to the ‘look out” on the Lady young road in the night. The view is scenic.
The other stress management methods I do not regularly employ and therefore need to begin to make adjustments in my life especially in the area of adopting a healthy lifestyle.
Works Cited
• Feldman, R. S. (2009). Understanding Psychology (8th Edition ed.). McGraw- Hill Higher Education.
• G, M. D. (2007). Psychology (9th Edition ed.). Worth Publishers.
• https://webfiles.uci.edu/rsilver/Blum%20&%20Silver%20Coping,%20Encyclopedia.pdf
According to psychology, the ability of humans to adapt to negative life situations and withstand stress and adversity is centered in a concept called resilience. An individual with resilience may experience the stress and pain that oppression and adversity brings; however, they are better able to control their negative emotions, rather than allowing these emotions to control their thoughts and actions. Resilience is not something people are born with or without, it is a trait that is developed. However, there are causational factors that contribute to the development of resilience. A few of these factors are: Having at least one close friendship and or having a
The Coping domain examines the extent to which individuals cope during stressful situations. Ms. M’s results indicated that she has a high tolerance for stressful situations. However, she is experiencing more stress than she can adequately tolerate, which caused her to experience some distress. Specifically, her need stated are not being adequately met and she is preoccupied on her perceived negative features. Her negative self-inspecting behaviors, then, have caused her to feel discomfort that manifests as shame and/or guilt.
This paper will highlight and examine “survivors coping” from the text “Crisis Intervention: Promoting Resilience and Resolution In Troubled Times” by Echterling, Presbury, and McKee in relation to the effectiveness of crisis intervention.
Richard Lazarus was a highly educated (PhD), award winning, book writing, Professor of Psychology. He specialized in, “emotion theory and research, health psychology or behavioural medicine, personality and social psychology, research clinical psychology, stress and coping theory” (Lazarus, Richard S., 2002). Several influences from Lazarus span from research, to checklists to projects that all relate to stress. He worked with several others during the research phase of his career. For instance, “…he did research on autonomic discrimination without awareness (which McCleary and he called subception), hunger and perception, projective tests, perceptual defense (with Eriksen), and motivational and cognitive f...
In recent years, there has been a growing interest in studying how individuals cope with stress which affects their psychological well-being, social functioning and somatic health. Coping is basically described as the cognitive and behavioural efforts by an individual to manage specific external/ internal demands which are appraised as taxing or excedes his/her resources. Traditional conceptions of coping have equated it with mastery. Ego-psychology model, defines coping as realistic and flexible thoughts and acts that solve problems, thereby reducing stress. A Process-oriented approach to coping is directed towards what an individual actually thinks and does within the context of a specific encountered how these thoughts and actions change as the encounter unfolds. On the other hand traditional Trait or disposition approaches, attempt to define what a person actually does or is most likely to do. People tend to
People using problem-focused strategies try to deal with the cause of their problem. They fix this by looking out for information on the situation and acquiring new abilities to cope the problem. Problem-focused coping is intended at altering or reducing the cause of the stress. Problem- based coping is the category of coping strategies that change stressful circumstances.
They refer to active coping and define it as “the process of taking active steps to try to remove or circumvent the stressor or to ameliorate its effects”, it further involves taking direct action and can be compared to Lazarus’s problem focussed coping strategy but with “additional distinctions” which include:
Lochman, J. E., Boxmeyer, C. L., Powell, N. P., Qu, L., Wells, K., & Windle, M. (2012). Coping
Everybody has at least one thing in common. Can you guess what it is? If you guessed, heartbreak, you’re right, but that’s not the answer I’m looking for. The correct answer is stress. Everyone has stress in his or her life at one point or another. It’s one of many inevitable parts of life. Whether it’s busting out a research paper for Psychology at the last minute, expecting your first child to be born, to making sure you’re up in time to catch the Saturday morning cartoons, it’s clearly evident that everyone goes through stress. The real question is, how is stress handled in our society? A person is defined by how they handle the stressors in their lives and how they overcome stressful moments. This paper will explore the aspects of stress management; hoping to help others in their times of stress.
This research paper concerns how individuals perceive stress and the serious effect on their psychological thought process and physical and mental health and how they can cope with their anxiety driven thoughts. Research was gathered using printed material obtained at the Syracuse Bird Library, and also using various online sources and scholarly journals. One printed source written by Frank Campbell addresses the health effects stress can have on an individual while author Richard Lazarus explores coping mechanisms individuals can use to attempt to get rid of the their stress. Author Bruce G. Charlton in his publication in the Journal of Medical Ethics, claims that stress is an empty word, with little value and explains the origin of the Stress. Robert Lazarus explains the concept of stress along with the ambiguity associated with the word. Ruth O’Hara explains what situations causes stress. While authors Carolyn Aldwin and Sandi Mann discuss coping and how to alleviate stress.
Dr. Richard S. Lazarus is an influential psychologist who had an extensive academic work on how people cope with stress. He rose to prominence in the 1960s, when behaviorists like B. F. Skinner focused on reward and punishment as primary motivators of behavior. Dr. Susan Folkman, is a Professor of Medicine at University of California, Berkeley. They shared an enduring interest on stress, coping and appraisal, and eventually developed the Ways of Coping Questionnaire.
Gibson, K. Swartz, L. & Sandenbergh, R. 2002. Coping with feelings. In Counselling and Coping. Cape Town: Oxford University Press Southern Africa: 35
There is something that everyone in this world tends to encounter; stress is that thing. For most people stress is an everyday thing. For others it can be just an occurrence from time to time. It can also affect our personal relationships without even us realizing that it was the main issue. Stress is “a person’s response to events that are threatening or challenging” (Feldman, 2010). Since there are many different type of stressors, they can be places in different categories. Stressors can be categorized as cataclysmic events, personal stressors, or even as background stressors (“daily hassles”). Though no matter what type of stress one has, there is always a way to cope to get through it and keep it from harming our relationships. Even if it is an everyday occurrence or a once in a while occurrence.
When stressful events occur three types of responses take place, an emotional response, a physiological response, and a behavioral response. Negative emotional responses such as anxiety, anger, and grief are common responses to stress. However, in some cases, an individual may exhibit positive emotions when coping with stressful situations. According to Folkman and Moskowiz, positive emotions promote resilience in the face of stress by promoting creativity, problem solving, flexibility, and can enhance physical and psychological health (Weiten & Lloyd, 2006, p. 84).
Stress is something that everyone has to deal with in life, whether it is good or bad stress. Stress management techniques are a great way to deal with stress. Some of the stress management techniques that I learned from this course are prioritization, scheduling, and execution. Using these techniques has effectively helped me deal with my own stress. When it comes to dealing with stress I still have many strengths and weaknesses that I will explain. Some stressors I have in my life that I will discuss are psychointrapersonal, social, life events, and daily hassles. Next, I will give my opinion on my post-course survey, and compare and contrast it to my pre-course survey scores. Finally, I will explain my last goals for this stress management course.