In 1935, Roosevelt launched a more aggressive series of programs often called the Second New Deal which focused on reform. One of the reforms invented by the government was social security. Social Security is a tax everyone pays in order to assist the elderly and disabled. This was the first time that the government ever felt the obligation to help those who could not help themselves. Social security is still with us today and is very beneficial to those who cannot do for themselves. During this time the government also created the Fair Labor Standards Act which established forty hour work weeks and a minimum wage system. This was very beneficial to those working forty plus hours for little to no pay. The government also passed the Wagner Act which granted workers the right to form unions. Although the government was slowly improving the lives of white Southerner, African Americans were the last to receive benefits and acquire jobs. Most benefits and jobs were being distributed at the local level causing unequal distribution. Statistically, if you were born poor, you die poor. (Lecture Notes
The Great Depression brought about many changes to the United States both socially, economically, and politically. In order to compensate for the major downturn in the economy, the government created dozens of programs in order to save the American people from complete disaster. Through the leadership of President Franklin D. Roosevelt, the government launched new and innovative programs like the Social Security Act, the Wagner Act (which gave workers the right to form unions in order to negotiate with employers for higher wages), and the Agricultural Adjustment Act (the first major subsidy program with the intent of helping farmers by increasing the price of crops and livestock). At the time, all of these programs had a crucial role in reconstructing the United States (America's Great Depression).
President Roosevelt worked towards many different objectives throughout his 8 years of presidency. He believed in the social justice and economic opportunity of the people. For this reason, he committed himself and the government to trying to regulate big businesses and being in favor of the workers after being elected president (Doc A). One example of this taking place would be the Coal Strike of 1902. During this strike, workers demanded shorter work days, higher wages, and recognition of the union. When the coal company failed to meet the workers’ demands, the government was forced to intervene to avoid the risk of a coal shortage for the winter. The go...
In the American industrial revolution, businesses and factories were booming, monopolies such as Carnegie steel and the Pullman company were generating astronomical sums of wealth, America as a country had a booming economy. Sadly, the average American worker was left out of the wealth these monopolies were making. The people had no voice, they were given drastically low wages and could barely earn enough money to eat. Due to the people being left out, some individuals and groups were becoming civilly disobedient to the companies they were working for, and they went on strike. These workers decided to not continue to work due to the corrupt and greedy companies they worked for. In the beginning, the government sided with the monopolies, the national guard was even used a few times to enforce people continue to work. Slowly but surely, the people won, and the government sided with the people and they started regulating business. The regulation of business in America today came about by workers being not content with their conditions, so they decided to be civilly disobedient and not continue to work. These are regulations and laws such as minimum wage, child labor laws, and regulation of what goes into products. These changes have had a positive impact on America as a whole.
This caused a social outrage to the leading point where people asked for the first time in American History, for the government to intervene and do something about it, which caused the government to grow in power. For example, President Wilson was known as a trust buster who believed that the government should do something about the nasty corporation who were taking advantage people; he wanted to restore the fairness (Document A). There were was once again people writing books about how horrible society was divided and the nasty conditions of which the workers worked, the most famous out of these books was “The Jungle,.” This book caused a social protest and again asked the government to implement laws to change this because the majority of the population were socially divided from the lower class and upper class. People were upset and sought to create a new form of government that made everyone equal this was called the progressives which consisted of communism, copperiest, socialist and fascism. They wanted to take the money of the rich and share it among with the poor, including
After World War I there was a Russian Revolution in 1917 that scared many American’s which was known as the Red Scare. Bolsheviks wanted a worldwide revolution and were attempting to gain momentum. The American people saw this and thought that the United States could possibly be overthrown by communism. Though there were only about 25,000 American Communists at this time and they made themselves come off as a serious threat when a string of strikes broke out across America. There were more than 4,000 strikes that involved over 4 million workers in 1919. Government, while the majority were striking for higher wages, shorter days, and workplace control, many Americans feared the worst and believed communism was on the rise. Corporations liked
Immediately following World War II was a somewhat uncertain time due to the service men and women returning from the war creating a job shortage for those that were filling in during their absence (Schultz, 2013). This caused increased activity with the labor union, which in turn create debate among Republicans and Democrats over how involved the government should be in ending labor union strikes.
Despite Smoot-Hawley, the New Deal’s revolutionary farm production quotas, the NIRA and FDR’s attacks on capitalism, the business cycle turned upward in 1933. Unemployment fell from nearly a quarter of the labor force that year to 17% in 1936. But then the “second New Deal” Congress slapped a tax on “surplus” business profits, the equivalent of a tax on job-creating investment. The market crashed again in 1937 and took the economy with it.
The influence of these big business owners would be known as the political machine. These big bosses were rich and was not going to let anybody get in the way of that. The only reason people did not stand up to these big bosses cause the poor class people were too uneducated to completely understand that they were being payed below there much deserve wages. Not to mention the child labor which did not become a law until 1918 and 1920 but those would be deemed unconstitutional so in 1938 the congress passed the fair labor act.
The first bill passed was the Wagner Act, signed on July 5, 1935, which “established as a national policy the right of workers to organize and bargain collectively,” established the National Labor Relations Board, and “specified a series of unfair labor practices” to be outlawed. Protecting organized labor satisfied progressives like Father Coughlin, who declared his belief “in not only the right of the laboring man to organize in unions, but also in the duty of the Government … to protect these organizations…” On August 10, Congress passed the Social Security Act, hailed as “a triumph for a generation of progressives,” which established “a federal system of old-age and survivors insurance to be funded by a payroll tax.” Modeled after the welfare systems in Europe, the program also provided “federal subsidies to state plans for unemployment compensation, old-age pensions, and welfare payments to the needy.” One of the most consequential programs of the New Deal, the Social Security Act “laid the basis for what became an American welfare state.” Other signature bills of the Second New Deal included the Banking Act of 1935, which “centralized the fragmented Federal Reserve system and enhanced the President’s influence over monetary policy,” and the Public Utility Holding Company Act, which was “designed to