Bureaucracy
Among other things, the owner group comprises some important factors, the bureaucracy is also one of factors that influencing design changes（Kazaz，2012）.Especially in some developing countries, several of bureaucratic barriers usually show in public construction projects, and thus delays in executing the works owing to the shortage of required supports of public establishments. Another weakness infects a construction project health, which is Poor management skill of the owner. Public establishment in a public construction project or innovative company’s board of directors in a private project might suffer from notability of management as a user , applying basic governmental principles （Kazaz，2012）.As a consequence, the all factors
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（Wu，2005） It makes the construction become efficient and safety if contractor requested change order generally, and also could make construction quality and surrounding friendliness. （Wu，2005） Without demanding extra costs, the project owner most of time that accepted change order requests（Wu，2005）. There are some situations in the original construction process. Such as the underground conditions , this caused by lacking of construction site investigation by the design department, or further requirements of underground developments or improvement of underground monitoring and sensing, and differing underground condition and seepage when construction excavation. Hsieh(2004)agreed that “Underground conditions tend to be more complicated in the depth range of 2–5 m below ground, and all the more complicated in areas that were previously riverbed”. Otherwise, unsuitable construction methods or the other human mistakes could also result in man-made disasters, which mean on-site work of repairing would cause change designs. …show more content…
The material changes could include fluctuation in material prices, contractor’s financial problems, and selection of unsuitable material or material storage problems (Kazaz,2012). Financial factors include relative importance values. Inflation is the most important factor, which cause material prices fluctuation (Kazaz,2012) .Although cash flow problem caused by the owner ,it directly lead to the main contractor could not gain the monthly progress payments. Equally, inflation and the constant increase of material prices are having a close relationship with another change design material factors. This relationship could be explained by the realities that unsteady inflation making a great influence on material prices. In fact, the one factors in this group indicate budget problems in the project-level, while the others mean financial problems in the country-level(Kazaz,2012) .However, it is evident that overrun-based financial factors in construction basically arise from private owners and public institutions, and lead to time extension, from general contractors . It would also be claimed that a country’s financial atmosphere has secondary effect on the time extension issue of a construction project investment. （Steffens，2007 ）These evidences obviously highlight that a sound time preparation and projection is not caused by the parties in a construction project, and that
Often, when the discussion of American bureaucracy is broached in conversation, those holding these conversations often think of the many men and women who operate behind the scenes within the government. This same cross section of Americans is looked upon as the real power within the federal government and unlike the other branches of government, has little to no oversight. A search of EBSCO resulted in the following definition, an organization “structure with a rigid hierarchy of personnel, regulated by set rules and procedures” (Bureaucracy, 2007). Max Weber believed that a bureaucracy was technically the most efficient form of organization, one structured around official functions that are bound by rules, each function having its own specified competence (2007). This wide ranging group of Americans has operated within the gaps, behind the scenes, all under the three core branches of government: the legislative, executive, and judicial branches. The division of government into three branches and separate powers gives each branch both exclusive powers and some additional power...
The findings of this research had shown both the progress of BIM implementation that have taken place over the years and at the same time the limitations to BIM usage in the management of projects. In the view of the limitations, this researcher is of the opinion that certain steps can help to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of BIM implementation in construction projects. The research results had suggested that BIM is applicable and beneficial to all stakeholders in all phases of construction projects. It is also found that BIM have collaboration, legal and implementation problems of which this researcher recommends as follows;
The objective of this report is to present and discuss the management of field construction projects. These projects involve a great deal of time and expense, so close control and management is paramount if they are to be completed within the established time and cost limitations. The term construction management is applied to the provision of professional management services to the owner of a construction project with the objective of achieving high quality with low costs.
...icient geotechnical investigation for the given development, unrealistic soil performance for given development and development constraints and restriction leading to inappropriate equipment or techniques. Consultant’s design and specifications may impose unrealistic demands on solutions. Client’s brief may fail to convey end usage; insufficient geotechnical investigation could lead to inappropriate design while on site conditions may be different to assumptions or what has been written. On the other hand flawed design and insufficient site preparation may lead to construction of structures which are likely to fail in the near future. Poor methodology and planning practices include: inappropriate or poor choice of equipment, lack of experience and understanding, lack of awareness and consequence of failure, bad workmanship and shortcutting and lack of monitoring,
Terry M Moe’s article “The New Economics of Organization” provides how the new economics that implications in the study of public bureaucracy. Moe’s article looked into public bureaucracy as most political scientists are unaware of the new developments (740). Public bureaucracy has a new analytical framework which focuses to the methodological and modeling issues that come from the transition from economic to politics (758). Moe’s focus on the study of public bureaucracy which is claimed to make the translation from economic to politics which requires theoretical innovation concluding with organizational economics which may need modified substantially (Moe, 762). Moe describes that the absence of a residual and its implications for internal
projects. The studies also deal with the issue of cost escalation and way it is currently being handled in building construction. Cost escalation has impact on the quality, project schedule and cause hindrance in project completion. Cost escalation is major provision in the cost estimation process which yield values for increase in the cost of equipment, material, labor, etc...Due to continuous price changes over the time. Most significant cost escalation factors are raw material input price, demand and supply, power tax, transportation cost, inflation, taxes, exchange rates and government policy. The acceleration in price of materials has a direct effect on the delay in project completion, quality and disputes.
Every construction project is unique in nature and problems occurred are unpredictable. A lot of activities are involved in one project. So rework cannot be avoidable. Rework & wastages is recognized as non-value adding items which affects the performance and productivity of construction projects (Alwi, 2002). There are various terms associated with rework such as non-conformance, quality deviations, quality failures and defects.
This article discusses about few organization theories that create a better environment for an organization. This article also try to cooperate with the word bureaucrats because people have negative perspective on bureaucratic system, complicated in many ways such as vision of red tape, full of rules and heartless bureaucrats. It is just a term to describe a form of organization, and how it is works.
I have used tools and techniques that I studied in last previous semester to apply it in projects, which I done before to practice and improve for myself. On the other hand, I got management and leadership knowledge and helpful information by reading useful resource such as: Harvard Business Review, Forbes magazine and so on. In addition, I also obtain my awareness about management and leadership in constructions projects by talking and debating with my father, who has worked like a contractor in construction field in 20 years. His comment always helps me to achieve a deep understanding about usual problems in construction projects in reality and how to motivate and empower to staff, especially, how to build a relationship between employee and employer, and between manager and
. Variation orders can have both direct and indirect effect on cost. For direct effect’s example, time and material charges related to immediately affected task while for indirect effect is changing in cash flow due to effect on inflation and financial charges. Secondly, variation orders in the construction project also can results in rework and demolition of the structure of the building if it is occurred during construction. This effect is usually during construction phase while variations during the design phase do not require to demolition or rework on construction site. Thirdly, the impact of variation to the construction project is quality of project. Variations affect the quality of work adversely, it is because the contractors have to compensate for losses by cutting corners and so on. Next, variations usually hinder the project progress, leading to delay in achieving the targeted significant events during construction. Mostly, variations will give huge impact on the delay of completion of the construction project. Lastly, increase in project cost is also one of the impact of variation to the construction project. It is mean that when occurred any alteration or addition in the design phase during the execution of the project, it may result in demolition or rework of the project component and eventually increase the project
Max Weber, Henri Fayol and Luther Halsey Gulick all addressed issues, concerning how an overall organization should be structured, bureaucratic administration, while Frederick Taylor’s theory of scientific management concentrated on techniques for increasing production (Tomkins, 2005). This essay will focus on the disadvantages and the advantages, including the effective and efficient components, of bureaucracy in public management.
In general, there are different types of procurement type for various situations due to no one method can be suitable under the all different construction project. In this case, there are four procurement paths, which are traditional, design and build, management and design and manage, will be advised to use. However, each method has different aspects of advantages and disadvantages.
Construction is one of the most dangerous works during this era. The advanced technologies are to be utilized in the construction work but still it is not really safe work. Many of the human beings are now involved in the construction work. It is one of the most typical working fields. Most of the persons who have lack of knowledge, degree and skills join the construction teams in order to earn living. It is said that most of the workers related to the construction industry are not really well educated. This becomes that major cause of their less focus on the work. This proved sometimes very critical condition. One of the most important things in this regard is that workers sometimes not really work with taking great care.
Brooke (1997), explains Estimation as the technical procedure of anticipating the value of the project. Building construction estimation is the process of acquiring the construction value for the whole project before the project starts. Thus, construction attaining process depends hugely on financial management to sustain workability and smooth operations. The delay in construction is a global issue which is due to improper preparation of estimates and lack of drawings (Ajanlekoko, 1987). In accordance to Gkritza (2008), the source of delay in a project are identified to be in the initial stages, like bad quantification, errors in design and ground conditions. Thus, the purpose of a proper estimate is to foretell the cost needed to finish the
Geological investigation is the first step towards the completion of a building and is considered as the most important step as it identifies the feasibility of an area for construction and determines how the foundations and preventive measurements to be set up for the building. According to Sadhi (2012), one-third of the construction projects are delayed and half of over-tender cost on road projects are due to inadequate geological investigation or poor interpretation of the data. According to Ferrer Geological Consulting (n.d.), geological investigation is mandatory to ensure an adequate design of maximum safety concern and optimum economy benefit to be made and saving on the geological investigation budget is proven to be false economies. The process of geological investigation involve conduct a desk study and reconnaissance of the proposed site, conduct a preliminary site investigation, prepare a detailed site investigation plan, carry out a detailed site investigation and prepare a soil exploration report (Mailvaganam, 1995).