Practical Exercise 2: Information Necessary to Evacuate US Civilians from The Democratic Republic of the Congo through the “Strategies-to-Tasks” Framework In March 1993, RAND Corporation created a briefing for Colonel Charles Miller, Director of Strategic Planning in the Air Staff’s Directorate of Plans. According to Thaler (1993), Strategies to Task - A Framework for Linking Means and Ends, was a response to then Chief of Staff of the Air Force, General McPeak, and his staff order to develop a modernization plan for the United States Air Force through 2015. In this text, strategies to tasks is a framework for force planning consisting of a hierarchy of objectives. This framework provides an audit trail from the fullest national objectives …show more content…
The “Strategies-to-Tasks” Diagram in Appendix A showcases the link between national goals and security objectives through to campaign objectives and operational tasks. As mentioned, each step along the way is essentially an “audit trail from the broadest strategic national objectives down to operation activities at the engagement level.”4 The President, along with his advisers, develops the National Security Strategy of the United States as directed by Congress based on threats, security interests, and foreign policy goals. This information resides at the top of the hierarchical architecture developed within the Strategies-to-Tasks framework and guides, from the top-down, the additional objectives and …show more content…
At the top of this framework, the ultimate authority is the Constitution and provides guidance with respect to national goals. Directly under this government level is the Executive Branch which is responsible for Executive Order 12656 – Assignment of Emergency Preparedness Responsibilities.7 This order give a direction on the roles and responsibilities for federal agencies in the event of national security emergencies both at home and overseas. The next level of government authority below the President is the Secretary of Defense and JCS, which provides guidance on evacuation processes of U.S. Citizens through DoD Directive 3025.14. According to DoD’s web site (2003), this message authorizes responsibilities for evacuation planning and implementation in danger areas abroad and provides guidance on the government agencies that collaborate with the DoD. Directly below the Secretary of Defense and JCS is the Command that would be responsible for activities by the Department of Defense within the DROC. This Command is known as AFRICOM or United States African Command. According to Federation of American Scientists (FAS), Joint Publication 3-68 (JP 3-68) - Noncombatant Operations, JP3-68 provides specific command
Strategy depends on numerous analytical factors and some of these present challenges to planners. This essay will identify some of these challenges that strategists encountered during WWII. Moreover, it will present strategy as a fluid process requiring refinement throughout.
The boundaries for the RM plan would be defined by the criteria and requirements set forth by the RM plan mandate. An independent audit of the current RM situation should be undertaken in order to establish the RM status quo. A new RM Plan will comply with all current Federal and DOD regula...
Shalikashvili, J.M. (n.d.). Shape, Respond, Prepare Now -- A Military Strategy for a New Era. National Military Strategy. Retrieved September 14, 2004, from http://www.dtic.mil/jcs/nms/index.html#Top
The general topic for this literature review will be an examination of the Department of Defense and the National Guard in terms of Homeland Security. The areas of Homeland Defense and Civil Support will be primary subsections of Homeland Security which will be reviewed. For purposes of defining a time period none of the literature reviewed will be prior to September 11, 2001. The reasoning for this being to examine Homeland Defense using literature pertaining to 9/11 and the Boston Marathon Bombing, and Civil Support using literature pertaining to Hurricane Katrina.
As we move steadfast into the twenty-first century we are confronted with more complex and compromising issues affecting the intricately connected global system. New forms of aggression and threat are the faces that greet policy-makers as they spend countless hours configuring ways to counter future attacks such as terrorism or massive drug trafficking within and across national borders. Instead of submitting ourselves to the tyranny of chance, which cruelly deals out futures blighted with catastrophes that can remain vivid in our memories, President George W. Bush has issued a mandate in an attempt to regain control over future acts of aggression such as terrorism in the United State; he issued the Executive Order of Homeland Security as that initial step.
Watson, Robert P., Devine, Michael J. and Wolz, Robert J. eds., The National Security Legacy
George W. Bush, The National Security Strategy of the United States (Washington, D.C.:The White House, September 2002).
When the constitution of the United States was formed, the framers specifically designed the American Government structure to have checks and balances and democracy. To avoid autocracy the President was give power to preside over the executive branch of the government and as commander –in –chief, in which a clause was put into place to give the president the power to appeal any sudden attacks against America, without waiting for a vote from congress. While the president presides over the executive branch there has been ongoing debate over the role of the president in regards to foreign policy. Should foreign policy issues be an executive function by the president or should congress play a much greater role? With the sluggishness of our democracy, foreign policy issues most times need quicker response compared to how domestic policy is decided in the United States. Many believe to maintain openness and democracy both the president and congress need to agree on how the United States handles issue abroad. Although the president has been given much power, his or her power and decisions are sometimes limited based on decisions by congress and challenged and shaped by various bureaucracies throughout the government system. I shall discuss the Presidents role and the role of governmental bureaucracies (Department of Defense, Department of State and the National Security Council) that work together and sometimes not together to shape and implement American foreign Policy.
The ability to understand a problem, determine the desired end state, and develop a strategy to achieve that end state is a highly sought after skill in every facet of the military profession. However, in a joint setting, the problems are generally much more complex requiring an advanced mastery of problem solving from joint staff officers. The complexities of planning on the joint staff level stem from the amount of education it takes to simply understand the problem. Joint staff officers not only must understand the components and capabilities of their own service, they must also understand any service they might interact with to include the nine combatant commands. These demands put a heavy emphasis on joint professional military education before the joint staff officer shows up to their assignm...
Training, joint exercises, military operations and humanitarian relief cannot be done from afar, which means U.S. service members must deploy to various countries within Africa. Before sending U.S. forces abroad, AFRICOM must ensure there are adequate status protections in place.54
The concept of homeland security has developed over the last decade. Homeland security as a concept was precipitated by the terrorist attacks of 9/11. However, prior to 9/11 such entities as the Gilmore Commission and the United States Commission on National Security discussed the need to evolve the way national security policy was conceptualized due to the end of the Cold War and the rise of radicalized terrorism. After 9/11, policymakers concluded that a new approach was needed to address the large-scale terrorist attacks. A presidential council and department were established, and a series of presidential directives were issued in the name of “homeland security.” These developments established that homeland security was a distinct, but undefined
In the article, “Multitasking Can Make You Lose…Um…Focus,” Alina Tugend centralizes around the negative effects of multitasking. She shows that often with multitasking, people tend to lose focus, lack work quality, have an increase in stress, and in the end she gives a solution to all these problems. Tugend conveys her points by using understandable language, a clear division of subjects, and many reliable sources, making her article cogent.
To understand the power struggle relating to foreign policymaking, it is crucial to understand what foreign policy entails. The Foreign Policy Agenda of the U.S. Department of State declares the goals of foreign policy as "to build and sustain a more democratic, secure, and prosperous world for the benefit of the American people and the international community." While this definition is quite vague, the actual tools of foreign policy include Diplomacy, foreign aid, and military force.
The strategy of the United States concentrates on the next five to ten years in order to protect the national interests around the global. With the increase in globalization, the ability to have a presence in all regions becomes important to national security and the United States accomplishes this by building and strengthening alliances. This promotes stability and security in the region as well. Defending the home front is the most important objective of the NSS and in order to accomplish that, continued global power projection is necessary. The NDS and NMS both seek to accomplish this through a thorough assessment of the strategic environment and applying either diplomatic or military power as necessary. The military serves as a major deterrent to potential adversaries, because of the United States’ military capability.
The United States of America is a powerful and well known force throughout the world. It has become a superpower of nations in just about three hundred years, being one of the newest nations in existence today. Its military reaches out into several countries in the globe and holds a presence as a peacekeeper and wielder of democracy. Of the US military’s five branches, the Air Force is the ruler of the skies, keeping control of the earth’s aerospace. Without the Air Force Special Operations, the military could not complete operations as effectively or efficiently as it potentially could. The United States Air Force is a key part of America’s mission to spread and assist democracy throughout the world.