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The application of the balance sheet
Accounting cycle(grade 8
Balance sheet
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What does the accounting cycle mean? First, let us define the accounting cycle, the method in which a company or business, no matter the size supplies their economic reports for a certain time frame. During an accounting cycle report, you have to use the cash receipts, accounts receivable and payables along with other financial information for a business to keep track of the business’ profitability.
During an accounting cycle report, you have ten steps that should be used to give an accurate account of a company or business to determine their profitability. The first four steps are using the accounts receivable account along with service revenue if there is a service revenue account for the business. In step one, you would start with the account balances for
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The income statement is an economic account of a business that covers a particular time frame. The income statement is important because it gives a breakdown of the revenues and expenses as well as the net income for a quarter or month depending on the time frame a company uses. The second financial statement that we will discuss is the statement of retained earnings that shows the retained earnings carried over from the previous quarter in a new business like Peyton Approved the carryover was zero, and the net income for the current quarter is $32,184.00 along with the dividends of -$3,000and the retained earnings of $29,184.00. It is of importance to a business to ensure they are making a profit for the quarter to show the retained earnings and to show to potential investors or banks for loans or lines of credit. Finally, the balance sheet is the statement that gives a breakdown of all the companies assets; current, short-term long term, liabilities current, total liabilities along with stockholder’s equity and to ensure they all balance
The purpose of an income statement is to report the revenue generated and the expenses incurred by a corporation for the past year. (Melicher, 2014) The gross revenue is the first item on the financial statement followed by several expenses and then the net revenue. One of the expenses a corporation incurs is the cost of goods sold, which is the amount of money it costs a corporation to produce or manufacture the items sold to generate a profit. The second expense on a financial statement is the cost of record keeping, preparing financial statements, advertising, and salaries grouped under the heading “Selling, general, marketing expenses”. The other expenses on an income statement are depreciation, interest expense, and the unavoidable income tax. (Melicher, 2014) Once all of these expenses haven been deducted from the gross revenue a company has an accurate depiction of their net
When a business follows the accounting cycle they are making the correct steps towards a successful business. The accounting cycle makes sure that every transaction is recorded. For three months Peyton approved journalized to track transactions. An accounting cycle has ten steps, in steps 1-4 journal entries and T-accounts are prepared. In steps 5-7 the trial balance and adjusted entries are completed and in the final steps, 8-10 the income statement, a statement of retained earnings, a balance sheet, the closing entries, the post closing trial balance, and reversing entries are completed. Peyton Approved promotes operation efficiency, and it ensures accurate and reliable accounting records by following the Accrual basis of
Accrual accounting is a system of accounting that is based on the accrual principal accounting. This principal requires revenue to be recognized and recorded when earned. Expenses are to be recorded when they occur. The accrual basis of accounting is used by most companies. Very small businesses and individuals use cash basis accounting.
An accounting method wherein revenues are recognized when cash is received and expenses are recognized when paid. This method is inferior to the accrual basis of accounting where revenues are recognized when they are earned and expenses are matched to revenues or the accounting period when they are incurred (rather than paid).
In order to answer the research question, I collected data to define and actualize the variables of interest. The first order of business was to collect data on the dependent variable, CEO total compensation. After selecting thirty-seven of the top Fortune 100 companies and identifying each company’s CEO, I was ready to begin collecting. The Securities and Exchange Commission’s EDGAR system provided a perfect source for the best identification of each CEOs total compensation. Every company must provide an annual proxy statement, labeled DEF 14A, which contains a summary compensation table of the top five earners. In every company examined, the CEO happened to fall into that category, as expected. Total compensation includes salary, stock incentives, bonuses, and other compensation. To simplify the data, I converted CEO compensation in millions of dollars. Although the summary compensation tables include earnings from the last three years, I chose the total compensation paid to each CEO at the end of the 2015 fiscal year.
The ethical dilemma in this case is one that Daniel Potter is faced with. Daniel is a staff
To counter this problem, computer assisted audit techniques have been developed. These systems are able to provide a more in depth analysis of the utilized billing systems. Computer assisted audit techniques also enable highly efficient assessment of transactions. By utilizing this system, an auditor could gain a clearer picture of the revenue reporting mechanisms that are being utilized by the business office. Once the information is derived, however, its interpretation, while simpler, will still require an individual that is knowledgeable in regard to the revenue cycle
Accounts receivable balances are tested by sending confirmation letters to customers to obtain objective assurance that the balance is correct. The auditor also chooses sales transactions from the sales ledger and verifies that there are legitimate sales receipts to back up the transaction. To test the accuracy of the sales figure, the auditor reviews sales transactions in the ledger close to the financial statement date to ensure that the company only included sales prior to that date.” What Are the Audit Procedures for the Sales & Collection Cycle? (n.d.).
Financing cycle. Financing activities involve such things as investments in and withdrawals from companies by owners and borrowing and repaying debts. Sage 50 allows users to record receipts separate from customer receipts which can be credited to an equity account to represent investment or to a liability account to represent the borrowing of money.
The Purpose of Financial Statements The financial statements of a business are used to provide information about the status of the business, set performance targets and impose restrictions on the managers of the firm as well as provide an easier method for financial planning. The financial statements consist of the Profit and Loss Account, Balance Sheet and the Cash Flow Statement. There are four areas of information, which we can collect from a company's financial statements. They are: Ÿ Profitability - This information comes from the Profit and Loss account. Were we can compare this year's profit with the previous years.
After finish the whole set of tutorials, our perspective of accounting become more professional. The study of accounting is not just for the knowledge and skill, but also for the critical thinking as a professional. Accounting professional is not just about the job that we what to take for our future career, but also the behavior that we need to have for our daily life.
The accounting cycle is a series of steps starting with recording business transactions and leading up to the preparation of financial statements. This financial process demonstrates the purpose of financial accounting–to create useful financial information in the form of general-purpose financial statements. In other words, the sole purpose of recording transactions and keeping track of expenses and revenues is turn this data into meaning financial information by presenting it in the form of a balance sheet, income statement, statement of owner’s equity, and statement of cash flows.
The statement of profit or loss is also known as income statement and it’s equation is revenue minus expenses equals profit or loss. The statement of profit or loss summarize the revenues and expenses of a business and also shown the ability of a business to generated business. The total profit or loss that generated in an organization during an accounting period can be seen through the income statement. For example, if the expenses of the company are higher than revenues, the company will get a loss in the business. However, the company will generate a profit when the revenues are greater than the
ABC LTD COMPREHENSIVE INCOME STATEMENT FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2012 NOTE 2012 Revenue 2 828,500 Cost of sales 3 (460,000) Gross profit 368,500 Other income 4 2,500 Operating expenses 5 361000 Profit before income tax 10000 Income tax expense (30%) 3,000 Profit for the year 7000 Other comprehensive income change in revaulation surplus 38500 Other comprehensive income for the year, net of tax 38500 Total comprehensive income for the year 45500 ABC LTD STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2012 NOTES 2012 ASSETS Current assets Cash and cash equivalents 6 100500 Trade and other receivables 7 45,200 Inventories 8 87700 Other current assets 9 7000
Financial statements provide an overview of a business' financial condition in both short and long term. They help in understanding the past performance of the company and making future predictions about the company. It thus helps us to look beyond the profit figures.