1. Introduction
As fast increase in energy depletion is nearly related to an increase in a population, people face several environmental problems such as decreasing energy resources, global climate change and greenhouse emission. The integrated systems for combined generation of useful outputs are spreading around the world fast, since they offer diverse advantages, such as higher efficiency, low operating cost. Energy application choices are restricted by thermodynamic principles. Comprehension of exergy application methods can help identifying. An integrated system energy manufacture process refers to a system more than three different purposes, including electricity, cooling, heating, hot water, fresh water, hydrogen, oxygen and air, chemical with the same sources of the input energy.
Analyses of the integrated systems process including tri-generation and poly-generation have increased throughout the past decade so as to reduce energy consumption and also succeed more sustainable and economic energy production system. There are lots of advantages of integrated energy manufacture systems, such as minimized energy and exergy losses, reduced greenhouse gas effects, decreased material waste, reduce in fuel use and material consumption relying on increase exergetic efficiency and decrease harmful gas emissions compared to other systems for electricity generation, heating, cooling, drying and air conditioning. Energy generation and utilization choices are controlled by the thermodynamic laws. For a process design, evaluation of the exergy destruction and efficiency analysis can help identifying and figuring out the high efficient energy generation systems.
Solar energy is a reliable energy resource. It is a renewable energy reso...
... middle of paper ...
...cally as compared to the double effect system.
Several researchers have studied the utilizing of integrated systems in energy generation to improve the thermodynamic and environmental performance. Ozturk and Dincer [1] have researched on the integrated systems having rising interest in the last few decades so as to reduce energy consumption and accomplish more sustainable and energy production.
The specific objectives of this paper are given as below:
To investigate exergy efficiencies and destructions of sub-systems and whole system for solar and storage mode respectively.
To evaluate the impact of ambient temperature on the exergy efficiencies and respective exergy destructions of sub-system and whole system for solar and storage system.
To determine and evaluate the change of COP and 〖COP〗_ex of the solar based integrated system for solar and storage mode.
In Solar absorption chillers solar collectors has been identified as one of the promising form of renewable energy to improve the energy efficiency of the building which is needed as per present situation to reduce electrical consumption and to save electrical energy and reduce emission of co2.Extensive research is required to develop an economical building solar energy to meet the energy demand.
Thermal power, wind, Hydel and solar energy are the main sources for generating electricity. With the passage of time, the consumption of electricity has increased proportionately with the increase in the world’s population. Due to decline in global economic situations, that includes inflation, unemployment, corruption and other contributing factors have made electricity expensive and unaffordable for the consumers of third world countries. The production cost and the supply cost have increased, and as a result many electricity generation projects stand pending. With the passage of time, conservation of energy has become a core issue for the world.
The climate, environment, geographic limitation, temperature, and location, can limit or enhance the viability of a solar system (Grey, Shane). Access to the sun’s energy is vital for solar energy systems. Therefore, during the night or locations of areas that receive heavy shade or sun blockage from natural features are disadvantageous locations for the solar energy systems as they will not be able to collect light.
Today our society is using more energy than ever. With the increase in demand for energy, problems are presented that have to be addressed. One of the biggest and most prevalent problems is the need for clean, renewable, sustainable energy. On the forefront of these problems comes the following solutions: nuclear energy, hydro-electric energy, and photovoltaic energy. With the need of energy in today’s current world, exploring different ways of producing power are necessary. The differences and similarities of nuclear energy and alternative energy are important to look over and examine in depth, so that it is plain to see the positive and negative effects of energy production.
Our planet is home to over five billion people, all consuming natural resource, and most producing finished goods. From bicycles to automobiles and houses to skyscrapers, this constant production takes an immense amount of energy. Not only human energy, but electricity too. It is need to power the assembly lines that make bicycles and automobiles. It's essential to run your home appliances, and business computers, and its all produced using similar methods. You heat water to produce steam, which turns a turbine, and generates electricity. Its not quite that simple, but for the purpose of this paper it will suffice. By far the most widespread source of fuel are fossil fuels. They are still abundant, and are relatively easy to obtain. However there is one main problem with the burning of fossil fuels. It produces pollution, in the form of dirty air, polluted water, and greenhouse gasses. This pollution is one of the main causes of global warming, the impact of which has the potential to destroy the planet. It is unreasonable to ask humanity to give up electricity, but the two main problems still exist. Pollution, and an eventual exhaustion of fossil fuels. Therefore an alternative form of energy must be found. Several ideas exist. There is hydroelectric power, solar power, wind power, and nuclear energy.
The world needs clean energy sources. Electricity generation from coal and gas is dramatically expediting climate change (Kirby, 2004). Smog cover is a common sight over the major cities in the United States and respiratory diseases are increasing at historic rates (Kirby, 2004). Nuclear power generation creates one way to produce electricity without creating air pollution, but safety, environmental issues, and cost of production deem it not sustainable (Kirby, 2004). Fortunately, clean energy production is not merely a dream for the future.
The heat produced during generation of electricity can be used for alternative uses by cogeneration power plants. Such systems along with solar thermal energy generation can be applications of thermoelectrics.
As the increase in the consumption of energy gradually increases per year, the government needs to take measures in opting to renewable energy sources, preferably solar energy because of its decreasing price, versatility, and its abundant main source of energy.
Solar thermal energy is not the best way to heat your home and hot water because it is a very inefficient system. For example Martin Holladay from Green Building Advisor suggests that solar thermal energy is inconsistent. During the long days of summer more hot water is produced than what is needed. But during the dark, cold winter there is not enough hot water (parag. 6-9). This demonstrates that this method of heating is inconsistent and unreliable. During the winter when you need the heat the most, you will not have it. Plus in the summer, when hot water is not needed as much, hot water is produced in large amounts but there is no way to store it for a long time period which makes the system inefficient. As Michael Wolfe states “Devices cannot generat...
dwell on the factors that preclude the attainment of ideal-performance of the system. Analysis based on the combined first and second law of thermodynamics commonly known as availability analysis or exergy analysis is particularly suited for achieving more efficient resource use since it enables the locations, types and true magnitudes of waste and loss to be determined. This information is quite helpful for the design of thermal systems, for directing the efforts to reduce the sources of inefficiency in the existing systems and evaluate system economics. [1, 2 & 3].
India is blessed with ample solar energy available which in turn can produce 5000 trillion KWS power by having average 300 sunny days per year and solar insolation of 4-7 kWh per Sq. m per day. Thus efficient trapping of solar energy could provide an alternative to fossil fuel dependent energy production. With increase in demand for power, now private sector has also started to invest in solar power due to better technological maturity and cost competitiveness. Technology for transforming solar radiation energy into both heat and electricity can harness solar energy effectively and have huge potential in scaling up power production. As there is positive correlation between energy requirement and GDP of the country, solar energy can address energy deficit in demand by both Off-Grid power supply ...
The current use of fossil fuels as our main energy source has two drawbacks: their inevitable depletion and the pollution associated with combustion. These two drawbacks in addition to the growing concern of global warming has pushed for the development of more sustainable sources of energy, namely solar energy and its derivatives (i.e. wind power). Solar energy is appealing for its potential to meet all our demands, while proving to be a pollution free resource.(Bohn, 2009)
The present world with its sustainable resources, environment and way of life became developed. The population growth, consuming almost all the available resources, to meet people’s needs, should be a major concern. The consumption of material and energy around the world which is about to eliminate the available supply, has increased over the last two decades, especially in the built environment. In order to access other reserves of fuel, the more energy will be needed to use.
There are leading three renewable energy technologies which are proven technologies for the thermal application.
Exergy is a term use in thermodynamic where also some terms found in the literature that are equivalent to: available energy, essergy, utilizable energy, available energy and availability. The exergy of the system is defined as the maximum useful work that can be done by the composite of the system and a specified in reference environment. The reference environment is assumed to be infinite, in equilibrium, and to enclose all other systems. Typically, the environment is specified by stating its temperature, pressure and chemical composition. Exergy is not simply a thermodynamic property, but rather is a property of both a system and the reference environment (Holman, 2009). Exergy can be destroyed by irreversibility of a process.