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Gender inequality in family households
Parental influence on child development
Nature of gender inequality in family and society
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Even though given a strong enough shock a person could break gender and cultural norms to revise their role in a family unit that is against their gender norms as depicted by their family, the way one is raised and the everyday gender moments and socialization shape the future of a person 's role in the family because structural functionalism shows that to achieve homeostasis certain roles and conditions must be achieved by ultimately confirming to the gender norms a person was raised on, social forces directly affect the shaping of a person’s future and the roles they take in the family unit, and through the social theory of symbolic interactionism and more specifically social learning theory and role-learning theory that a person will conform …show more content…
These theories according to the lecture gender and the family state that “we learn gender norms and gender roles”. Looking at the interviewee’s family as a child, the interviewee’s father worked multiple jobs at a time to support the family financially while the interviewee’s mother stayed at home being a housewife taking care of the children. Though the father did try to actively participate in family functions and organize family activities on the weekends when available. This is a prime example of gendered division of labor and of how as a child the interviewee came to see what is considered a gender norm. Even now, the interviewee is working in a position that can call for long hours away from home traveling and dealing with clients as a health insurance agency manager. This like his father’s work can make it difficult to plan family activities and time to spend with his child, but at the same time does give him freedom of being home during the day time. At times this has put a strain on the relationship, as the interviewee’s wife sometimes feels that she is alone in raising the child. The interviewee had 3 older siblings who were all female, and would watch them cleaning the house, doing the dishes and preparing food. Do to being raised in such a predominantly female household, the interviewee did state that some cultural and gender norms were broken as he learned how to wash the dishes which was never done by the men in their culture and even now the interviewee likes to do dishes in his current household. Through role-learning theory, the interviewee learned that the gender norms portrayed are what is to
...ue in modern society, if mothers rely too much on day-cares and do not spend enough time with their children then the relationship among the family will not be as strong. The traditional view of sex roles differ from the the modern and more liberal view of sex roles. The modern view does not differ because of the greater involvement of the father in the family or among the genders, but the perspective of the individuals in society. It is known that both genders can contribute to each other’s works, regardless of what sex they fall under. The society, religious institute, and media play a greater role in shaping these sex roles. The gradual changes are closely related to the media because people tend to play out in their lives what they see on the television. I hope it is now clear that the views on gender roles and stereotypes have changed substantially with time.
For example, males are identified as the head of the household and the provider for the family. This concept affects society because women are told that they should be nurtures and should be dedicated to their children. This shows that women were told that they shouldn’t work and should instead focus on being a housewife. This results in the mother and children being dependent on the father. Men are told that they should provide financial support for the family. Also, men are the authority in the household because they discipline their children. Ridgeway says” Gender beliefs are a continual referent for people’s own behavior and sense of identity in the home, and because household tasks themselves carry a gendered connotation, the performance or non-performance of those tasks can be a symbolic gender display for the person “(135).So, gender beliefs effect on how we view gender in the household because it is based on expectations of gender roles. Moreover, gender in household affects household division because women spend more time in the household. For example, since males are the providers they are rarely at home. They are not able to help with household duties. The mother does all the housework in the household. Also .the mother spends her whole time attending to the children and doing chores. Ridgeway says “One way to see the power of gender as an organizing force in the household division of is to examine that extent to which people sex category alone predicts the amount and nature of the household work they do in comparison to their other identities” (139) .Household division the results would show that the women do more household chores than
Historically, the model family involved couples marrying and starting a family young and absolutely no divorces. However, as time has progressed, the family structure has become increasingly complex, and less “traditional.” The typical and “traditional” family of the 1950s included the breadwinner father, housewife/mother and 2.5 happy and well-adjusted children (Kimmel and Aronson 181). Gender roles have always played a significant role in the root of the “traditional” family and marriage. Some individuals believe that we are born with these innate instincts to assume these gender-specific roles, while others believe these roles have been socially constructed over time. Gender roles allow men to assume superiority over women and unfortunately,
By the 1980s, Marxism, the economics forces define the political and cultural realities in society, mixed with feminism claimed “that gender is not class but a driving force of history.” This created the notion that “when women are subordinate men benefit” and that women had a disadvantage to men in the workforce (Conley 2013). Marxist feminist would called this gender conflict. The nuclear family has gender roles which are “set of behavioral norms assumed to accompany one’s status as a male or female.Gender roles is more general term,but Parson’s sex roles is more of an ambiguous term. Sex roles theory states that men are work oriented, while women are domestic oriented to form the ideal nuclear family. “Sex roles created by society was formed for structuralism functionalism, which is the theoretical tradition claiming that every society has certain structures that exist in order to fulfill some set of necessary functions(2013). Even though functionalist supported this theory in the 1960s, it was flawed. Sex role theory only provided one way of how a family could function. Essentialist would describe Parson’s theory as the social phenomena of the nuclear family based on the biological factor of sex. R.W. Connell described the condition in which men are dominant and privileged and that it is invisible, which is Hegemonic masculinity. Even though hegemonic masculinity is what some theorist impose, it clarifies
Gender role is a set of expectations set forth by society about the ways in which men and women are “supposed” to behave based on their gender. In the Era of which we live, the expectations are closer than ever to being distinct. Many people of my generation, and younger, may not completely understand this question, due to the fact that it is almost the norm to see single parent homes and to have both parents working full time. The stay at home mother is almost a thing of the past. In some situations the “gender role” has been completely switched, with the father being the stay at home parent. This concept is completely foreign to most elderly citizens such as our grandparents. If you look back at history, the father was the breadwinner and the mother stayed home to care for the children, which families back then were much larger. You may be pondering, what events in history lead to such a dramatic change in the family schematics? Well, we are going to delve into this lengthy controversial and revolutionary historic cultivation. First I am going to touch on a few historic events that altered the typical American family, followed by a few waves of the feminist movement, as well as some revolutionizing amendments to the Constitution yielding more rights to females which ultimately altered the workplace as well as the family.
This theory focuses on stability rather than, change. There are many disadvantages of this theory. This theory fails to analyze inequalities, and is very broad. This theory has also been criticized for enforcing a male-dominated society. Structural functionalists thought that breadwinner-homemaker families “provided the basis for stability and cooperation”, which lead to successful families (Cohen, 17). In transnational families and other families, the function of family members is shaped by their gender, which can lead to unrealistic expectations. When fathers, or mothers are absent for a period of a child’s life, it drastically impacts the dynamic of a
The film, “The Sociology of Families and Households”, examines families from a sociological perspective, as it discusses the ways in which the meaning of family has changed throughout history. To better understand how families have changed throughout several decades, the film discusses how structural functionalism, Marxist theory and feminist theory have played a role in defining what a family is, or was at that time in history. The film also examines a few key challenges facing families, such as divorce, single parent households, finding a balance between work and the family and the formation of stepfamilies. Conclusively, the film discusses how the changes in society affect how families function
In order to understand some of the opinions on the topic of gender roles and relationships, it is necessary to understand the definitions of some words as they will be used in this essay. First there are many definitions for the term “gender.” However, in this paper the words sex and gender will be used interchangeably and refer simply to male and female. Also important to note is that while society has more options than a male and female relationship, the emphasis in this essay is only on heterosexual relationships and the way they are perceived in society. By keeping these basic definitions and ideas in mind, one can understand that the word “role” refers to the individual’s place in society and position within a relationship. Along with this, the “traditional roles” would be defined as women being the homemakers while men being the main breadwinners. When labeling traditional roles dealing with dating and rel...
In the culture, the children have an important role in the family to care for and respect the older family members. Based upon the gender, the rules vary by the gender roles assigned through the culture. Vu, & Rook (2013) stated, the father provides a protection and authority within the family while the mother offer nurturing for the children. These roles are taught to the children during the adolescent stages which represents the beginning of adulthood (p.227). The children are taught roles that will carry on the tradition of the Vietnamese culture. The gender roles in the culture are similar to the roles previously taught in the American culture where the males are the authority figure and the females care for the family which is also taught during the adolescent
Risman throughout her whole article discusses the social structure and how in society it has created these gender roles that everyday we conform to. Risman conducted a study on couples who claim to share equal roles in the family from the work of earning to family labour (childcare,housework and emotion work) to see if they shared really did have an egalitarian marriage (440). In the gender social structure women are represented as the main caretaker for the family. Risman when conducting this study ran into many difficulties, the first being finding these couples that fit the criteria, three out of four volunteer couples were said to have failed the generous criteria for the study.(440) The study found that even when women are working full time outside of the household they do the majority of the work in the home, and the household where the delegate the workload women still end up doing more of the work then there husbands. Risman uses these findings to strengthen her argument that the gender social structure does impact or create gender roles. “Domestic work, whether cleaning toilets or changing diapers, is as much about the production and display of gender as it is about clean toilets and dry bottoms.”(441) I think that relating the gender social structure with the roles it creates allow Risman to effectively convey her point, it gives the article a real world example that the reader can understand and in most cases associate with personally. Risman provides a great comment to why gender roles still exist in todays society “ The cultural expectations attached to our sex category, simply being identified as a woman or man, has remained relatively impervious to the feminist forces that have problematized sexist socialization practices and legal
A functionalist perspective suggests that our society is made up of interdependent parts and that gender roles support its social stability, balance and equilibrium. According to “The Sociology of Gender: Theoretical Perspectives and Feminist Frameworks” by Linda L Lindsey, “In preindustrial societies social equilibrium was maintained by assigning different tasks to men and women. Given the hunting and gathering and subsistence farming activities of most preindustrial societies, role specialization according to gender was considered a functional necessity.” During this time survival was a more difficult task and so men and women had to rely on each other to live. In today’s society, these roles have begun to shift and it is more common to find females providing while males stay at home, but for the majority, our original gender roles are still intact. The functionalist theory even in a contemporary society finds that the survival of the family unit relies on conservative gender roles. This theory is not realistic in today’s society because women are more motivated to be educated and career based, instead of devoting their life to motherhood. Lindsey claims, “ Such a divide is artificial and dysfunctional when families need to cope with the growing
The conclusion of this essay is that there are four prime factors that construct gender role in today’s society. They include our family, society, educational systems and self conscious. There are other cultural products that affect the gender within these four. category. The.
There are a lot of ways for us to learn about gender roles and expectation. Family has the most important influence on how we learn about gender roles. There are some reasons why we figure out this. First, family is the initial socialization place. We contact to family when we were born. Because of this, family has a vital role in the stage of how we think about gender roles. Secondary, we will mimic the gender roles that parents unknowingly perform to us. We focus on parents’ behaviors, for instance, mother dose the house chores and father goes outside for work. And our thinking will be inserted with the idea which gender role should do what. Lastly, parents’ thinking about
Gender roles are extremely important to the functioning of families. The family is one of the most important institutions. It can be nurturing, empowering, and strong. Some families are still very traditional. The woman or mother of the family stays at home to take care of the children and household duties. The man or father figure goes to work so that he can provide for his family. Many people believe that this is the way that things should be. Gender determines the expectations for the family. This review will explain those expectations and how it affects the family.
Gender is defined as the scopes of genetic, physical, mental and behaviour characteristics pertaining to, and differentiating between, masculinity and feminity, meanwhile inequality is defined as in a situation where there is an unfair situation or treatment in which certain people have more privileges or better opportunities or chances than other people. Thus, from the definition stated gender inequality refers to unequal or unfair management, treatment, or perceptions of persons or individuals are based on their gender. In a parallel sense, gender inequality can be said as the world in which there was discrimination against anyone based on gender. In this introductory, the general understanding of gender inequalities will be discussed further into three significant factors that influence the allocation of housework between men and women. Household chores can be classified as cleaning, cooking and paying bills. Division of housework serves as an important element in the continuation of the function of a family and it requires contribution from both spouses (Tang, 2012). However, current society’s perception on housework is based on gender, so the three major factors that influence the division of household chores within the couples are education level, economic resources, and time availability (refer to Figure1 in Appendix 1).