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Poverty impact on child development
Effects of child abuse on child development
Poverty impact on child development
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Critical Thinking Paper #1 Despite the longstanding “nature vs nurture” debate, childhood experiences can greatly influence an individual’s development into adulthood. In psychology, the social perspective aims to understand how a person’s environment and social interactions might put them at a higher disposition for acquiring a disorder. This is done by analyzing various social factors in peoples’ lives, such as childhood trauma, low socioeconomic status, and issues with parenting styles, and studying how they correspond with increased risks of mental illness. Often time individuals exposed to these types of situations have no control over them and, depending on how they learn to cope, this could result in maladaptive social behaviors in …show more content…
My great-uncle was born in a strictly Amish family of sixteen children and his parents were not very loving or affectionate towards their children. Some of his siblings have admitted to physical and sexual abuse, and there are rumors in his community that Satanic rituals were practiced in the household. Furthermore, he grew up in a family that was poor, isolated, and it was expected that he and his siblings work to provide for everything they had. Although my great-uncle has never talked extensively about his past with my family, I believe that he suffered abuse and possibly worse horrors as a …show more content…
The personality disorder seems to stem from his need to be in control, which he does by controlling who and when he talks to and how others perceive him in public (which is nothing like how he acts at home). In addition, he has never seemed to care that he hurts my great-aunt’s feelings or isolates his family, including his children and grandchildren. I think this lack of basic human empathy is terrifying and, honestly, very indicative that he has some type of mental
Some factors that are explored in studies involves the genetics in a person, how parents treat their children, influences peers have and the situations that a person may experience throughout their childhood and adult life. There is a possible connection between the feelings of anxiety, aggression and fear with a genetic makeup in a person’s body (Huff, 2004). Research has even shown that if an individual was abuse, whether physical or verbally they are at risk for developing a personality disorder as well (Huff, 2004). Another interesting study conducted by Robert Krueger, PhD, exploring the influences that can contribute to the development of a personality disorder, looks at studying personality traits within identical twins who did not grow up together. In the study, it appeared that genetics contributed more to a person personality trait then the environment they were in. Krueger opinion was that “The predominant reason normal and abnormal personality are linked to each other is because they are linked to the same underlying genetic mechanisms” (Huff,
This is particularly of the systems that sub-serve language and executive function. I found that Research in humans and in animal models have implicated prenatal factors, parent–child interactions and cognitive stimulation in the home environment in the effects of SES on neural development. These findings provide a unique opportunity for understanding how environmental factors can lead to individual differences in brain development, and for improving the programs and policies that are designed to alleviate SES related disparities in mental health and academic achievement. A measure of one’s overall status and position in society, strongly influences an individual’s experiences from childhood and through adult life is what Socioeconomic status (SES) is. Research is beginning to shed light on the mechanisms through which experiences in the social world during early childhood affect the structure and function of the brain. I looked through that growing up in a family with low SES is associated with substantially worse health and impaired psychological well-being, and impaired cognitive and emotional development throughout the
The Bever family didn’t socialize very much. “By many neighbors’ accounts, the Bevers kept out of sight and to themselves — the kids played alone in the backyard, walked down neighborhood streets bunched together and their parents didn’t socialize much.” (Schallhorn). Communication, the skill that all children and children need to master. Not socializing with other kids at a young age is substandard because children need this when they are younger. “As many as 1 in every 33 children may have depression; in teens, that number may be as high as 1 in 8.” (Understanding Depression). The teens in youth today are being effected by depression. As you can see, depression is very common among teens around 12-18 years old. Depression can persuade people to make different choices than they normally would. Being effected this young could have long term effects in the long run. When people commit crimes it is either because they aren’t being helped and no one will listen to them, or they just don’t care. Your mental health starts from the day you are born. You constantly learn about your surroundings, so it can be a benefit to have social interaction from an early
In childhood, if one has abusive, manipulative, or irresponsible parents that neglect them at home, a part of their brain, which controls emotions, is damaged, and they become more prone to violence and aggression (White, Sadie. " Making a Monster: The Biological, Social, and Artistic Construction of a Serial Killer From Psychosis to Sondheim").
Childhood maltreatment is defined as emotional or physical maltreatment and sexual abuse that has the potential to cause harm to a child (The relation) while childhood adversity refers to physical or emotional acts that may be potentially harmful to a child’s development (Relationship). Both have similar effects in that they have been found to increase the risk of the development of a psychotic disorder and psychotic symptoms in adults. Childhood maltreatment has been proven to increase the risk of developing depression, anxiety, and schizophrenia in adults. The studies observed in this paper will help to understand if childhood maltreatment and adversity has any effect on the social functioning of people diagnosed with psychotic disorders,
Personality disorders in the elderly receive relatively little attention even though these disorders may seriously complicate the course and treatment of other psychiatric disorders and adversely affect an individuals’ quality of life (Abrams R. C, 2001). The people presenting with personality disorders have longstanding difficulties in multiple aspects of functioning – in the management of interpersonal relationships, maintaining a stable sense of self, and the tolerance of strong emotions. An elderly
Childhood can be seen as a social status with multiple meanings and expectations attached to it without a clearly defined end or beginning (Montgomery 2009), This essay will introduce different sociological perspectives on what childhood is since childhood is not universal rather is it mobile and shifting this means children experience various childhoods there are local and global variations(Waller 2009), a Childs experience can be influenced by their gender, ethnicity, culture and social class which this essay will expand on. The essay will then move forward to focusing on childhood in local and global countries to investigate the differences they have among each other lastly the essay will go onto ways an professional can help acknowledge all children diversity and create an inclusive environment regardless of their differences (Penn 2008).inclusion provides support to all children so that their experiences in an educational; setting encourages them to be as involved and independent as possible as well as help them understand the differences among their class mates
Antisocial Personality Disorder can be transmitted genetically. A statistic says, “Family studies show that nearly one fifth of first-degree relatives of antisocials are themselves antisocials” (Craighead and Nemeroff). If an ASPD person has a child, there is a higher chance that the offspring will have antisocial personality disorder. Genetically, the central nervous systems neurotransmitter serotonin has been linked to aggressive behavior. “MRI brain scans of criminals… revealed reduced gray matter volume in the prefrontal cortex” (Psychology in Action). Environmentally, if an ASPD person has children, they could unintentionally raise them to have the same perspective on life. How an ASPD person was raised influences how severe the disorder is also. In some instances, if a set of twins are separated at birth and one is adopted by a family with a non-antisocial personality disorder and the other is adopted by an antisocial personality disorder person, the one who is not antisocial will raise a non-antisocial child and vice versa. In other words, some people seem to have a biological tendency to develop ASPD, and the family environment will determine whether that tendency is fulfilled (Batten). This idea can be scientifically supported by the Nature vs. Nurture theory, even though ASPD is not just one side of the theory but
Although physical health is not directly effected by the status of a child’s mental state, children with mental health problems are more prone to having a chronic health condition, which will follow them into adulthood. Out of all the children with a mental illness forty percent of them have two or more mental illnesses. A child with a mental illness has a greater chance of developing even more mental illnesses as an adult. An adult with one or more mental disorders are less likely to work or participate in the community in a positive light (cdc.gov). The abundant number of children who had trouble in school, getting along with their peers, and shying away from their family because of a mental illness are not likely to be attending further schooling or working in their adulthood. Since these adults do very little there a greater chance that they turn to substance abuse (NHPF.ORG). According to the National Bureau of Economic Research, the population of people with mental illnesses consumes thirty-eight percent of alcohol and forty-four percent of cocaine (dual diagnosis).
As a maturing adult I now realize the importance of having a strong parental foundation. Throughout my life there have been moments where both parents demonstrated the characteristics of all four basic parenting styles. However, as I aged it became apparent that my parents had successfully found their niche in a parenting style that was analogous with their personality and beliefs. In my father's case it was the authoritative parenting style. With this style he captured my trust and respect; never letting me down. Furthermore, it was my mother's permissive parenting that undeniably contributed towards my love and gratitude for her. There were also instances where my parents influenced my life both positively and negatively. Nevertheless, I am forever grateful for having my parents in my life, for they contributed (and continue to contribute) towards my success as a growing adult.
Szalavitz, Maia. "How Child Abuse Primes the Brain for Future Mental Illness." Time. N.p., 15 Feb. 2012. Web. 7 Apr. 2014. .
Children raised in poverty display behaviors that are sometimes mistaken for emotional and behavioral disorders. Chi...
Tuvblad, C., Grann, M., & Lichtenstein, P. (2006). Heritability for adolescent antisocial behaviour differs with socioeconomic status: Gene-environment interaction. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 47, 734-743. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.2005.01552.x
All in all, the cause of mental illness can be summarised as a complex combination of psychological, social and biological response to environmental stressors, responding behaviour, physiology and connected to social context (Savy and Sawyer, 2009). Mental illness has been developed primarily due to the cause of circumstances around the individual and way of individual’s action to tolerate the situation. Hence, the combination of causes outside and inside the individual results in mental illness. Individual preference such as drug and alcohol use also develops and worsens the mental health problems, in some cases.
The distinction between nature versus nurture or even environment versus heredity leads to the question of: does the direct environment or the nature surrounding an adolescent directly influence acts of delinquency, later progressing further into more radical crimes such as murder or psychotic manifestation, or is it directly linked to the hereditary traits and genes passed down from that individual adolescent’s biological parents? To answer this question one must first understand the difference between nature, nurture, environment, and heredity. Nurture, broken down further into environment, is defined as various external or environmental factors one is exposed to which can be more specifically broken down into social and physical aspects. Nature, itself broken down into heredity, is defined as the genetics and the individual characteristics in one’s personality or even human nature.