Social Issues In Brazil

Brazil

Our nation has been working hard into preserving and improving the standards of competitiveness with nations as powerful as the United States, China, Greece and Japan, for example. Social issues as eliminating urban slums or shantytowns (favelas in Portuguese) and ensuring access to adequate housing became one of the main problematic concerns at Rio de Janeiro and Brazil as a nation.

Brazil with an area of 8,515,770 sq/km, represents the fifth biggest country of the world. Known for the most enigmatic forest of the world, the Amazons, Brazil has one of the most variable biodiversity including rare animal and plant species. With an estimated population of 204,259,812 in 2015, its population density is distributed in three main cities

The urban or middle class population is composed of older individuals. This sector enjoys opportunities in the job market that interconnects with the high income sector, benefitting mutually. Lower income or not income community has a higher growth population, unemployment, less than basic or not public service, suffering pressure over public equipment, and a population concentrated in children, young or younger adults. At that level of poverty one of many factors affecting a positive transition to a better life is the low education opportunity that population has access. While the high income sector pleasures in environmental amenities, the urban sector enjoys the presence of parks and better structuralized sanitation and environmental conditions. The poor sector suffers sanitation problems, such as lack of trash and sewage management, and/or potable water scarcity. Consequently, water sources have been polluted affecting the population in general and pushing the government to invest more money into environmental protection than in human progress. In addition, urban slums suffered from natural disaster like landslide, transforming shantytowns into cemeteries, an infallible formula for disease spreading. Another result of population growth, in low income areas, is the forcible migration to protected areas, affecting the

In 1992 the Favelas Bairro Project, inspired other programs by the success of this program: in Rio de Janeiro, the Baixada Viva program (1997); in Sªo Paulo, the Slum Upgrading Program (1996); and the national reach upgrading program Habitar Brasil (1998). In 1995, by the start of the Urbanization of Popular Settlements of Rio de Janeiro Program (PROAP), now better known as Favela-Bairro an accurate census determined the magnitude of the integration’ goals. Socio-economics in this aspect were categorized by poverty indicators, fluctuating from children per household, single mother or family head, income, and educational levels. The costs of implementation in sanitarian and drainage system were adjusted in an effective manner; tackling the infrastructure deficiency characterized on those surroundings. Strategically, favelas with same criteria and located in same regions, were grouped for an effective intervention, allowing same community to participate and mobilize according with the intrinsic needs. Sharing projects between favelas simultaneously will connect favelas and minimize tension by directly community inclusion. “The first stage of Favela-Bairro financed with a US$ 180 million loan from the IDB and US$ 120 million from the municipality, started in