Accordingly, this paper will provide a conceptual discussion using relevant theory that critically analyses tensions between self-identity and social identity. These theories propose that aspects of identity driving behaviour is dependent on the context. Foremost, identity theory is reflective of the correlation concerning the roles that people enact in society and then therefore, includes the identities that those roles exhibit (Hogg, et al., 1995, p. 266). Striker, followed by Tajfel and Turner, compose that social identity theory consist of two levels: personal identity and social identity (Hogg, et al., 1995, p. 255). In explaining that each individual is a dynamic entity with an inventory of personal and social identities, inclusive We evaluate ourselves on how we think we should feel and act according to our position within society. It is safe to argue that self and identity are two separate objectives, but the self always precedes and constructs an identity. Through consumer observations, individuals publicise our identities and aspirations as these are usually desirably based on our lifestyle. This observation draws on structural distinctions between Marx’s class and Veblen’s desire to display distinction, Bourdieu obtains that lifestyles are fluent ‘systematic products of habitus’ (Paterson, 2006, p. 45) and incorporate larger conceptions of, and interactions within, social 255, 259). Social Identity theory therefore supports Huddy’s account that by defining ‘ourselves by the social categories that we feel we belong to such as nationalities, religious or political associations, gender roles, families, and even as niche as a group of sports fans of a certain sporting team we are expressing our social identity’ (Huddy, 2001, p. 131).There are copious amounts of research on Self-identity and social identity as expressed in literature by Paterson, which concludes that the notion of identity is established and maintained by acts of consumption (Paterson, 2006, p. 55). As noted earlier in this essay, Brewer & Sedikides and Paterson all form the opinion that symbolic and comody exchanges, recorded as far back as the pre-industrial societies was the assurance of social status and power within any given social collective. Therefore the disposition of self depends largely on the society within which a person
Taylor, S. (2009) ‘Who We Think We Are? Identities in Everyday life’, in Taylor, S., Hinchliffe, S., Clarke, J. and Bromley, S. (eds), Making Social Lives, Milton Keynes, The Open University.
In general, identity means how one sees himself/herself and others around in order to distinguish himself/herself as different. David Snow differentiates between the ‘individual’ and ‘collective’ identity as “personal identities are the attributes and meaning attributed to oneself by the actor, they are self-designations and self-attributions regarded as personally distinctive.” (Snow 2) On the other hand, the “collective identities attributed or imputed to others in an attempt to situate them in social space. They are grounded in established social roles.”(Snow 2) This research paper aims at examining the role of ‘collective’ identity that is formed on the expenses of the ‘individual’ identity and how this leads to physical and psychological repression in Shirley Jackson’s “The Lottery” and Isaac Babel’s “My First Goose.”
Identity is a group of characteristics, data or information that belongs exactly to one person or a group of people and that make it possible to establish differences between them. The consciousness that people have about themselves is part of their identity as well as what makes them unique. According to psychologists, identity is a consistent definition of one’s self as a unique individual, in terms of role, attitudes, beliefs and aspirations. Identity tries to define who people are, what they are, where they go or what they want to be or to do. Identity could depend on self-knowledge, self-esteem, or the ability of individuals to achieve their goals. Through self-analysis people can define who they are and who the people around them are. The most interesting point about identity is that some people know what they want and who they are, while it takes forever for others to figure out the factors mentioned before. Many of the individuals analyzed in this essay are confused about the different possible roles or positions they can adopt, and that’s exactly the reason they look for some professional help.
The question ‘who am I?’ raises speculations about who we are as human beings and why we behave the way we do. This is of great interest to social psychologists. One particular theory about this social identity is that it is not fixed or innate but that it is something that changes over time and is constructed through our social interactions with other people. This essay will explicate the idea of socially constructed identities and consider the evidence for and against this view with examples of research studies from both social constructionism (Phoenix, 2007) and Social Identity Theory (SIT) (Turner and Brown, 1978).
People go through many obstacles when they face their social identity. Some can overcome their differences, but others may not have they change to even face them due to the treatment that they get from society. Social identity is the one of many controversial and complex problems that many individuals deal with. Because, sometimes it used to be misunderstood making reference to racism and/or others complex matters. “On Being a Cripple” and “How It Feels to Be Colored” are two essays in which both characters suffer from some kind of discrimination. Indeed, in “How It Feels to Be Colored Me” by Zora Neale Hurston and “On Being a Cripple” by Nancy Mairs, each author shows different attitude, endures challenges, and change toward social identity.
Furthermore, identity comes from how people choose to comprehend and perceive their own self. The elements of identity are limitless because you can choose to be whoever you want to be, despite the opinions of others. Thus, one’s identity tends to be unique, in a sense, compared to other
Social identities and factors and/or experiences that have shaped your worldview. My Ethnic and cultural traditions and values have molded my social identities, in which both my Ethnic and cultural traditions and values and social identities have formed my worldview. According to my social identity wheel: My race is Asian/Pacific Islander and Filipino American. My ethnicity is Filipino. My sexual orientation is heterosexual. My religion is Roman Catholic. My age is of a young adult. I am a female. My national origin is the United States of America. My sense of who I am is based on my ethnic group that I have identified myself to belong in.
The social identity theory is a person’s sense of who they are based on their social
Some of the strengths of the social identity theory are that; throughout the years it has supported many empirical studies, it has also demonstrated the social categorization in intergroup behaviors, allowed us to differentiate between social and personal identities and has provide explanations for other areas of psychology (conformity). A weaknesses of the Social identity theory is that its application is restricted in the sense that it has very low ecological validity. Another weakness is that SIT favors situational factors rather than dispositional is not supported by evidence. The social Identity theory can be used to how to explain how we form our social and personal identities in the terms of in and out groups. SIT can also be used to explain why there is conflict between humans and different societies.
Social identity theory can be applied to many different problems and real life situations. It demonstrates the role of categorization in behaviors, and explores how being part of a group affects social interaction in everyday life.
What is identity? Identity is an unbound formation which is created by racial construction and gender construction within an individual’s society even though it is often seen as a controlled piece of oneself. In Dr. Beverly Daniel Tatum’s piece, “The Complexity of Identity: ‘Who Am I?’, Tatum asserts that identity is formed by “individual characteristics, family dynamics, historical factors, and social and political contexts” (Tatum 105). Tatum’s piece, “The Complexity of Identity: ‘Who Am I?’” creates a better understanding of how major obstacles such as racism and sexism shape our self identity.
Identity is a person’s socially and historically constructed concept. We learn and determine our own identity through the interactions of family, peers, media and also other connections that we have encounter in our life. Gender, social class, age and experience of the world are the key concepts which plays a substantial role in shaping how we are by facing obstacles in our lives. According to Mead (1934) as cited in Thulin, Miller, Secher, and Colson (2009), identity theory determines
What is identity? There is a common understanding of identity that is the distinct personality of individuals. Moreover, there is another understanding that the identities are the behavior that helps people to distinguish from others. Whatever the consideration is, identities represent who we are, and people are the combination of different identities. There are many people optimistic, but the number will be decreased while adding the other types of personality. Finally, there is only one person can fit into all the characters. That is the reason for the uniqueness of individuality. What is more, the formation of identities is the result of the surroundings. Andrew Solomon explains in his essay “Son,” that we are born with characteristics. The primary surrounding what people stay in their families where shaped their “vertical identity” that is the transmitted by their parents, such as gender, nationality, and races and those vertical identities are difficult to change. However, not all identities can be stable, Solomon suggests that there are also many “horizontal
Burke, P.J. & Stets, J.E. (2000). Identity Theory and Social Identity Theory. Social Psychology Quarterly 63(3), 224-237
In conclusion, the formation of one’s identity has many components. Beginning at the onset of adolescence and continuing to expand, grow and form and reform as we live through the struggles or success of life. Many theorists have endeavored to clarify the development of identity formation. However, Erik Erickson offered one significant theory involving the formation of one’s identity. Expounding on Erickson theory, Marcia developed his Identity Status Model according to the existence or absence of crisis and commitments. These four statuses, diffusion, foreclosure, moratorium and achievement can combine in various ways to produce a self. One’s sense of identity is determined largely by the choices and commitments made, therefore, having a well-developed sense of self can provide an individual with insight to their strengths, weaknesses, and individual uniqueness. An individual that finds themselves