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the nature of human trafficking essay
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Human trafficking is defined in the Trafficking Protocol as “the recruitment, transport, transfer, harboring or receipt of a person by such means as threat or force” (Human Trafficking, 2015). Trafficking can be broken down into core elements such as action, means, or purpose. The action of trafficking, which mean the recruitment, transportation, or the transfer of persons. “The means of trafficking includes use of force, deception, coercion, abuse or power or position of vulnerability” (Human Trafficking, 2015). The purpose of trafficking, which always exploitation. It has become very hard to stop and even find the victims of this organized crime because victims are most of the time brain washed and deceived. Over the years, the consistent …show more content…
Those who have truly experienced human trafficking are the ones who most cope within the majority of society. Socially, human trafficking affect’s the victim’s. “With sex trafficking, victim’s face threats of violence from many sources, including customers, pimps, brothel owners, madams, and corrupt law officials and with labor trafficking” (George, 2012). Victim’s face threats from business owners, and sad to say, modern day, “Slave Owners or Masters”. Trafficking victims are also exposed to different psychological stresses. “Victims suffer short-term psychological impact like social alienation, stigmatizing, social exclusion, and tolerance” (TRCTP, 2011). Some victim’s suffers from long term psychological like Stockholm syndrome and Post Traumatic Stress Disorder. “Stockholm syndrome is capture-bonding, is a psychological phenomenon in which hostages express empathy and sympathy and have positive feelings toward their captors, sometimes to the point of defending and identifying with the captors” (TRCTP, 2011). Some other long term psychological impact is HIV/AIDS and STDS. “Although 98% of the sex trade is composed of woman and girls there is an effort to gather empirical evidence about the psychological impact on abuse common in sex trafficking upon young boys” (McCarthy, 2010). Being a female, “the susceptibility of a trafficking woman to HIV/AIDS is higher than that of a person who engages in sex workout of …show more content…
That’s where the corrupt actors within this chain of activities come in that may include police, customs officers, embassies/consulates, and border control authorities, immigration services. Other law enforcement agencies, intelligence/security forces, armed forces (national or international), local officials, persons/groups/parties with influence on public officials, as well as private sector actors, such as travel agencies, airlines, transportation sector, financial institutions, and banks may also be corrupted. This is not limited to government officials from different countries too. Corruption plays a huge role in the trafficking process. It’s from the initial planning to the point where a victim is trafficked and the exploitation begins. Recruitment plays the first step. Recruitment is the stage where a person becomes a victim. “Corruption at this point is the buying and silence of government bodies that are responsible for protections” (George, 2012). For example, three recruitment agencies in the Philippines were responsible for nearly Filipino workers trafficked. Nearly 100 Filipino government officials were arrested. The second part is the transport. This is where the police officers and border controls plays a major part. In an instance, “internationally trafficking requires the help with making sure the goods has reached their destination without not much of a hassle” (George, 2012). They take bribes that are
Prior and existing knowledge of trafficking reveals a general understanding of the term trafficking, and, minimal insight into the factors that encourage it. Though this information may appear to be a sufficient basis for understanding human trafficking, the author explicitly affirms the “serious” need for more information related to the field. In addition to ...
“Human trafficking coerces and persuades their victims to cross national borders in search of new jobs and better opportunities and after that they are forced into some sort of labor bondage” (At Issue: Human Trafficking 1). Even though trafficking is a problem in almost every country; poorer countries have a bigger problem with it because they are more desperate for work. Just in 2000, the U.S. enacted their first federal anti-trafficking law, called the Victims of Trafficking Protection Act (At Issue: Human Trafficking 1). Trafficking has just begun to receive notice on how big of a problem it actually is. “Proponents of strict anti-trafficking initiatives say that laws and prevention against trafficking are necessary in order to stem the growing tide of large scale organized crime that profits off of smuggling and trafficking” (At Issue: Human Trafficking 1).
Human trafficking is motivated by demand and supply, as well as money driven. Traffickers will transport their victims wherever necessary, they will pay for all meals, housing, transportation and visas. This leaves victims easier to control through debt bondage. Victims will be forever in debt to their trafficker as the “debt” never decreases. Traffickers will also take victim’s identity, travel documents, locking the victim up, forcing drug use or making threats to the victim’s family to also control them. They don’t have control over their daily lives anymore, all is controlled, when to sleep, eat or rest. Traffickers subject these victims to physical, mental and social distress, like, psychological manipulation, forced drug use, torture, rape, physical and mental abuse, leaving victims too afraid to
According to Van Wormer & Bartollas (2014), sex trafficking, “encompasses the organized movement of people, usually women, between countries and within countries for sex work” (p. 289). Sex trafficking is also a very lucrative business, it is estimated to make $31. 6 billion annually. This amount is estimated from the 2.5 million people who a trafficked each year. The exact number of people who are victims of the sex industry cannot be predicted accurately for all over the world. In the United States alone there is about 14,500-17,500 people trafficked each year. Human trafficking it the third biggest organized crime after drug and arms trafficking (Hodge, 2014). Young men make up about 44% of people being trafficked, while women and girls
Casabianca, S. “Victims of human trafficking: Emotional, mental and physical sequels.” Saludify. Interactive One, 01 Oct 2012. Web. 06 May 2014.
To solve this problem, all countries must coordinate the work of national and international organizations. Firstly, all countries need to enact international laws that will apply to all countries or people from different countries involved in human trafficking. This way, people who are involved even in one of the action by which human trafficking becomes possible will be criminally responsible and will face severe tribunal. These actions comprehend recruitment, seizure of documents, preparation of false documents (if the acts are committed with the purpose of sexual exploitation), dissemination of confidential information about victims, facilitation of the work of the prostitution business and its management. As well, they must strengthen border controls, since most of trafficked girls and people who export them were not even checked at the borders. Between 2003 and 2008, legislation in many countries was complemented by the regulations related to combating human trafficking. This was associated with the entry into force of the Trafficking Protocol in 2000. All countries need to cooperate in order to confront the problem and reduce the huge number of people that were
The trafficking trade in Asia is more often controlled by crime organizations than in other parts of the world. Crime groups in Asia, large or small scale dedicate themselves to human smuggling and trafficking, unlike their counterparts in Latin America, North America, or Western Europe, who benefit most from the drug trade. Recognized crime groups of China and Japan take part in the trafficking trade, but also lesser known Korean, Thai, Indian, and other groups are involved in the trafficking trade as well. Crime groups were essential in both domestic and transnational trafficking earlier and on a larger scale than their criminal counterparts in other parts of the world. Crime groups on their own are not the exclusive facilitators. The government
According to estimates, more than 700,000 people are trafficked every year for the purposes of sexual exploitation and forced labour. They are transported across borders and sold into modern-day slavery. Over the past decade, trafficking in human beings has reached epidemic proportions. No country is immune. Clawson (2009) discusses how the search for work abroad has been fueled by economic disparity, high unemployment and disruption of traditional livelihoods. It recognizes neither boundaries nor borders. Consequently profits from trafficking feed into the casket of organized crime. Trafficking is fueled by other criminal activities such as document fraud, money laundering and migrant smuggling. Because trafficking cases are expansive in reach, they are among the most important matters. (Clawson 2009)
) Some critics argue that when governments target “human trafficking” based on the UN focus they are targeting the less political and much smaller form of exploitation. The real issues may relate more fundamentally to the social inequality, capital exploitation and in some cases corrupt governments. Discuss.
However, poorer countries are recognizes as the most prominent places for trafficking trade. Victims of human trafficking are women, men, and children. People who end up being trafficked are lured with offers of legitimate and legal work as a waitress, housekeeping, or in factories in another country. Some people are lured in with false marriage proposals, educational opportunities, or tales of a better life. There are others who are sold into trafficking by their parents, boyfriends, friends, or acquaintances. While some are violently abducted from their school, playground, street, house, etc (Soroptimist, 2008). According to Soroptimist (2008), human trafficking is “a $32 billion annual industry, trafficking is a type of slavery that involves the transport or trade of people for the purpose of work. Approximately 2.5 million people around the world are ensnared in the web of human trafficking at any given time” (What is Sex Trafficking section, para. 1). Sex trafficking makes up more than half of all human trafficking and it is important to note that most victims are women and young girls. Sex trafficking affects people of all backgrounds, but its effects are most prominent on women and girls from poor families. They are typically trafficked into the commercial sex industry such as prostitution or other forms of sexual exploitation (Soroptimist, 2008). Victims of trafficking are usually removed from all that is
Trafficking is recognized as a major health problem and tragic transnational crime (Muftic). Most people think the physical abuse from trafficking is the worst part about it. What most people do not know, is the mental abuse can be just as horrifying if not more. The women who are trafficked have poorer health outcomes, and more intense and prolonged psychological reactions to abuse than women who are not trafficked (Muftic). When a woman's sexuality is violently used or abused, it is far more damaging to her than words, fists, or any other abuse that could be heaped on her. It is an invasion of the essence of who they are. Women were reported having suicidal thoughts/attempts, feelings of anger/rage, depression, inability to feel, difficulty sleeping, self-blame/guilt, and loss of appetite (Muftic). These poor women have no idea what the trafficking life can hold for them, not just while being there but also after they have left that life. Casey Roman noticed a coping mechanism for some of the women. They will laugh off information or past memories, telling their brains that what is or was happening to them is not as bad as it really is (Roman 2). Most of these women in the life have actual disorders. In 2008, the United States Department of Health and Human Services identified the serious and complex mental health problems of sex trafficking victims. The disorders included, Post-traumatic Stress Disorder, anxiety and mood disorders, dissociative disorders, and substance related disorder (Muftic). The women might not even realize they have a disorder until they are out of the sex trafficking life and living in the normal world. It is evident that the mental effects take a negative toll on the women in sex
Though human trafficking is often thought of as a problem in other countries, it isn’t uncommon for it to happen in the United States. The big issue of human trafficking is that anywhere from a few hundred thousand and 1 million people are trafficked every year. Often times these people are forced to work for little or no wages. I feel that this is a major problem because many of these people are poor and led to believe that they will go off and have a better life but in reality they end up in a life that is worst off from which they come from. Human trafficking is an important problem that affects the victims in many ways. According to Brikenthal, “victims are exposed to sexually transmitted diseases, including HIV/AIDS, permanent damages to reproductive organs and depending on the age at which they are trafficked, they miss critical opportunities for social, moral or spiritual development. Many of these victims suffer psychological problems as well (Brikenthal, p.30)”. Though there are several questions that need to be asked to solve this problem, the key question to solving this problem is to ask how can there be more awareness on this issue. It is impossible to solve this problem if people aren’t aware of what human trafficking is and ways of preventing themselves from becoming a part of it. You have to see what the root cause of why human trafficking exist and start from there. Since there are a lack of jobs and poor education, many people are turning to human trafficking as a way to have a better life. According to Fedotov, “unprecedented movements of people across the globe are occurring at the highest rate since World War II. People are leaving because conflict insecurity and the desire for a better life (p.
Human Trafficking is a rife global glitch which occurs in almost every country of the world. It is a criminal activity which ferociously takes advantage of its victims as a result of their susceptibility due to extreme poverty, lack of social protection mechanisms, forced migration, social exclusion, disempowerment and failure of economic systems. Furthermore, it reflects a total contravention of an individual’s right to freedom in whatever form and supplemented by savagery and inhumane activities which can have harmful effects on the wellbeing of the victim. (Clark 2003; 2012 US.TIPR; UNODC 2012; Aghatise 2004; Velijanoski and Stewart 2007). This hydra headed monster of the 21st century, generates $9.5 billion a year (Morrison and Crosland 2000, US Department of State 2005) and is the third biggest origin of profit for organized infraction after trade in drugs and arms,(Orhant 2002). Social Researchers guesstimate that as many as 27 million men, women and children are preys of traffickers at any given time, US TIPR (2013:7). In the middle of year 2007 and 2010 alone, nationals of 136 countries were identified as victims of trafficking in more than 100 nations across the globe, UNODC (2012:12). As a result of world integration and economic development, trafficking in persons has become multidimensional, multifaceted and convoluted involving participants ranging from madams and pimp at local and international level deceptively offering unsuspecting young women the opportunity to travel to Europe for better jobs and life opportunities only to be trafficked and sexually exploited. The scourge of human trafficking is an order and supply driven international business with a colossal market for low cost labour and monetary coitus enco...
There are specialized roles when it comes to trafficking. Most operate on small-scales and have different roles taken over by different gangs. The different types of roles include recruitment, the providing of forged documents, transportation, bribing police or border officials, being a pimp, and laundering or hiding of the profits.
Every year, men, women, and children are victims to human trafficking. It is a form of modern slavery. More than 20.9 million people are victims to human trafficking. It is happening everywhere and could be happening right where you live. Everyone feels the loss of freedom that is involved. Normally the victims of human trafficking are lured in by false promises of a job, stability, education, or a loving relationship. Runaways and homeless youth, and victims of domestic violence, sexual assault, war or conflict, or social discrimination are the ones who are mostly targeted by traffickers.