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How the media influences the public perception
Strength and weakness of social comparison theory
Strength and weakness of social comparison theory
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Recommended: How the media influences the public perception
According to Cialdini (2010), people evaluate the correctness of their beliefs by comparing their beliefs to others. Cialdini cited Festinger’s (1954) social comparison theory, which theorizes people to evaluate their beliefs’ appropriateness based on how those beliefs compare to their peers’ beliefs. Asch (1955) gave examples of early research studies in social psychology where it had been found that participants would change their opinions to be more aligned with the majority based on being given information that a group of their peers or an authority held contradictory opinions.
Study 1. To find a potential relation between the beliefs of a person and the beliefs of that persons’ peers, participants will fill out a political beliefs survey
John Chambers of the University of Florida measures the difference between "actual" and "perceived" polarizat...
There are many things that influence our behavior from internal influences to social norms. Social norms are implicit or explicit rules that govern how we behave in society (Maluso, class notes). Social norms influence our behavior more than any of us realize but we all notice when a norm has been broken. Breaking a social norm is not an easy task and often leads us feeling uncomfortable whether we broke the norm ourselves or witnessed someone else breaking it. Sometimes however, you just have to break a norm to see what happens.
Much of the research on false consensus has demonstrated that people tend to over project how many members of their in-group are likely to share their attitudes and behaviors. This effect diminishes when comparing to an out-group. It is thought that this occurs because people feel that people who they do not consider to share a group identity with will likely have different basic attitudes and behaviors than they.
The social comparison theory has been studied for years and defined as the philosophy that people need to turn to others for assurance of their own opinions and actions. In other words, people base their personal worth on how they compare to peers around them. This theory can support why it is human nature to be envious of others based on what they have. Individuals need to evaluate themselves in almost every aspect of life, including wealth, relationship status, and intelligence. These are some areas where most people their evaluations to determine how successful their life is at the current moment. In “A Theory of Social Processes” by Leon Festinger, he collects data based on this theory and presents certain hypotheses that can be supported through different experiments. Not only has it been shown in experiments, but also in everyday life. In a televised series, “That’s 70s Show” the main character, Eric Forman, has gone through a situation where he displayed the social comparison theory. Lastly, in personal experiences I have a friend that has encountered a cheating problem in his relationship that caused him to rethink about what he will do based on the consensus of his peers.
Thesis: The study examines third-person effects in a news release, which could be different from other media content already studied. “This study explores the third-person effect in public relations and examines situational variables such as a message topic, message valence, perceived desirability of being affected by the message, and receiver characteristics.”
What I learned about the social construction of difference conceptually means the differences in society that people perceive individuals are morally consist of gender and race, sexual orientation, ethnicity, and social class. Theoretically, according to Allan Johnson, social construction of difference, is created between two groups, one groups that has privileges and the ability to pass through society as “normal’. Some humans that are considered to be the oppressed are “non-normal and do not get the same privileges of the domain group. Johnson also uses the example of American woman who has not had any contact with white society. As of what the women knows, she is merely aware that she is an African American woman, not considered to be a black woman, in her state of
Higgins, Tory. “Self-Discrepancy Theory: What Patterns of Self-Beliefs Cause People to Suffer?”(1989). Advances in Experimental Social psychology, Vol.22 (1989):93-136. Academic Press Inc.
Here we can look at Solomon Asch Conformity Experiment. Solomon Asch (1951) conducted an experiment to investigate the extent in which social pressure from a group could affect a person to conform. So basically, Asch grouped persons in a room; each participant was asked to state aloud which comparison line (A, B or C) was most like the target line. The answer was obvious. There were a couple of people apart of the group that were in on the experiment and were told to give a misleading answer and then only one participates that was not aware of the experiment. Asch was interested to see if the real participant would conform to the majority view. Asch measured the number of times each participant conformed to the majority view. About one third of the participants went along and conformed to the clearly incorrect majority view. As later questioned why participants conform so readily? When they were interviewed after the experiment, most of them said that they did not really believe their conforming answers, but had gone along with the group for fear of being thought as strange for seeing something
The book: Political Character of Adolescence, specifically in the chapter: Political Knowledge, explains correlations by the usage of statistics. Kent Jennings, in his book, Political Character of Adolescence: The Influence of Families and Schools, confirms that girls of homogeneous families are the children that grow up to be more like their parents, than boys. This is only when one parent reports a party difference and the other does not. In this case, the boys’ perspectives about political parties become independent of their parents’ views. Based on the “Student Reports of Party Differences by Parent Reports,” the similarity between a student and his or her parent increases as the student moves up the education ladder. When the head of household has received some grade school or less for education, views of students and parents are independent (-.01). When they have received a high school diploma or have some high school education, correlations are more positive but still small (.10 and .08). Continually, when the head of the household is college-educated, similarity between child-parents is moderate (.17). By observing this, it is clear that perspectives on politics are most learned by children when their parents are highly politicized. Visibly, children, whose parents are more educated, are highly likely to think like their parents, politically. For instance, my older Armenian cousins’ parents are Republicans and they want Trump to win the presidential race. Their parents are educated, one has a master’s degree and the other has a bachelor’s degree. Their political views are strongly conservative and the fact that Trump is the presumptive nominee is a celebration for them. They raised two children who are now adults with their own political views. They adopted their parents’ political views. This is how political views are
The film adaptation of The Double directed by Ayoade presents a fantastic portrayal of the retro dystopian world created by Fydor Dostoevsky’s and depicts the central idea of a mysterious doppelganger. However, beyond the premise of Dostoevsky’s world and a few loosely based scenes, The Double (2013) brings a different spin to The Double rather than a true adaptation. Both narratives show the doppelganger and protagonist as having an initially amiable relationship which quickly deteriorates. Yakov Petrovitch Golyadkin and Simon James are similar in their social anxiety and have a vision of who they wish to be. Dostoevsky’s novel displays Golyadkin on the verge of insanity and blends reality with fiction whereas Ayoade’s adaptation portrays a more rational motive behind James’ actions.
The Social Judgment Theory is “the perception and evaluation of an idea by comparing it with current attitudes” (Griffin,
These three political ideology surveys actually were interesting because I never really found a real interest in politics till now. I believe that the results of the three surveys did correlate with each other. I believe that they do correlate because taking the survey three different ways allowed room to see if there would be a difference in the results which it was not. Each of the the questions on these surveys actually circled around the same concept which was equality, and freedom of choice.
People tend to compare themselves to others in present modern day. Comparison has no limits; they do not just compare their homes, their cars, their families, but also their intelligence. Sometimes questioning their own analogies and wondering why is it that they must compare and contrast? Truth is a large majority of humans cross-cultural all tend to compare each other. When comparing each other’s social intelligence and cognitive intelligence based on academic achievement professionals may find a distinction between social metric popularity a measure of acceptance and perceived popularity a measure of social dominance (Meijs, Cillessen, Scholte, Segers, & Spijkerman, 2010). The distinction between Sociometric popularity and perceived popularity was in a form of measurement that was generated by a perceived intelligence test. The experimental study had a total of 512 participants in which 56% were girls and 44% were boys between the ages of 14 and 15 years old. Although there was certain limitations to this study for example the possibility of not being able to determine if sociometric popularity and if it is influenced by academic achievement, or the other way round. The intention of the research, which was to compare students from different educational levels, proves that social comparison is common amongst today’s generation. The focus on this current experimental paper is on Social comparison theory based on an intelligence test.
For a nation founded on the consent of the governed, our current hostile political environment is of great concern. The United States presents globally low voter turnout, as more people criticize a government they believed to be deeply flawed. Plummeting governmental trust and sharply polarizing ideologies are a cause of this, as are skewed political socialization and reduced efficacy and feelings of civic duty. As my peers and I come of age in this harsh political environment it is of massive importance for us to analyze these factors when forming our own beliefs, as we prepare to steer the political conversation into a new era; ready to face global and domestic problems alike.
Social Judgment Theory (SJT) also known as Social Judgment Involvement are “messages and judgments that occurs at the perception and evaluation of every new idea by comparing it with present point of view and placed on the attitude scale in the mind” (Griffin 2009, p.183). Social Judgment Theory can be evaluated of three criteria: predictive power, explanatory power, and testability. Social Judgment Theory is an elegant conception of the persuasion process. Social Judgment Theory is a believable theory that can be predicted, explanatory, and tested.