Slovenia was a part of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia after the First World War along with Serbs and Croatians. During the Second World War, the nation was invaded and disintegrated. Slovene decided to join Yugoslavia again which was soon renamed as the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. However, many Slovene people disagreed with this decision. Many of them thought that Yugoslavia was really dominated and progressive. The communist killed many Slovene people who were suspected for being the opposed communist leadership. As a result, these murders led fear among people. Some people started moving out from Slovenia in search of protections and a prosperous life. One of articles in HASA (Historical Archives of Slovenians in Australia) website also explained that during the Communist regime, people lacked of freedom of speech and there was a mass killing. Hence, Slovene people fled to neighboring countries. Birsa (1994) also explained that high unemployment rate becomes another dominant factor which led Slovene to flee.
Slovene people started to immigrate to Australia after America had implemented the Immigration Act in 1924. This Immigration Act set the annual limited number of immigrants who could enter the US as permanent settlers. However, it is quite difficult to identify the exact number of Slovene people who came to Australia. It is because Slovene just gained its independence in 1991. So, Slovene was hidden under the name of Yugoslavia before that. Another reason is because some people didn’t want to disclose their true identity. They would rather to say that they came either from Italy or Austria. They believed that those two countries were more prestigious-sounded than Slovenia. According to the Department of Immigration...
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...ovene immigrants who came to Melbourne on 18 August 1950. He traced back his parents’ stories and explained how grateful they were for being in Australia. The foods were very cheap and the country was nice. They called Australia as the “lucky and rich country of peace and freedom”. Another story is coming from Ivanka Skof who came to Australia in 1966 when she was 37 years old. She came to Australia together with her family. In her opinion, Australia is a nice country but lacked of culture. So, she along with her family built clubs where they could still maintain Slovene culture and customs.
In conclusion, Slovene migrants are happy for being in Australia. Their main objective to get a better life is succeeded. However, Jupp (2001) said that the active Slovene community members are declining as there are only few migrants coming to Australia over the last 20 years.
Maestro by Peter Goldsworthy provides an insight into 1960s/70s Australia and helps reinforce common conceptions about Australian culture. One common conception Goldsworthy reinforces in this text is Australia’s increasing acceptance of multiculturalism. Maestro, set in the 1960s to 1970s, shows Australians growing more accepting and tolerant of other cultures. This shift in perspective was occurring near the end of the White Australia/Assimilation Policy, which was phased out in the late 1970s/early 1980s. An example of this shifted perspective in Maestro is Paul’s father’s opinion about living in Darwin:
The book "The Australian Legend", written by Russell Ward and published in 1958 speaks mainly of "Australian Identity". It looks at nationalism and what has formed our self-image. There are many aspects that are left overlooked however, as the Authour makes his assumptions. Significant parts of society are neglected consideration, these include those that weren't from the bush, non-British immigrants, the Aboriginal people and women. Also the use of romanticised and exaggerated evidence causes an imbalance in his conclusions.
Australia is a relatively young country; only becoming a unified nation in 1901 (Commonwealth of Australia, 2012). A young country is no different from a young person; identity is an issue. Questions of who am I and where do I fit in the world are asked, and unfortunately not often answered until a tragedy occurs. National identity is a sense of a nation and its people as a connected whole. This feeling of cohesiveness can be shaped by many events in a nation’s history but none more so than war. War is a stressful, traumatic affair that changes forever, not only the people that go to it but the nation as a whole. Many consider the Great War Australia’s tragedy where we became a nation (Bollard, 2013) with our own modern identity.
A new leader arose by the late 1980s, a Serbian named Slobodan Milosevic, a former Communist who had turned to nationalism and religious hatred to gain power. He began by inflaming long-standing tensions between Serbs and Muslims in the independent provence of Kosovo. Orthodox Christian Serbs in Kosovo were in the minority and claimed they were being mistreated by the Albanian Muslim majority. Serbian-backed political unrest in Kosovo eventually led to its loss of independence and domination by Milosevic. In June 1991, Slovenia and Croatia both declared their independence from Yugoslavia soon resulting in civil war. The national army of Yugoslavia, now made up of Serbs controlled by Milosevic, stormed into Slovenia but failed to subdue the separatists there and withdrew after only ten days of fighting. Milosevic quickly lost interest in Slovenia, a country with almost no Serbs. Instead, he turned his attention to Croatia, a Catholic country where Orthodox Serbs made up 12 percent of the population. During World War II, Croatia had been a pro-Nazi state led by Ante Pavelic and his fascist Ustasha Party. Serbs living in Croatia as well as Jews had been the targets of widespread Ustasha massacres.
After the Vietnamese ’boat people’ started arriving in Australia, the Australian attitude towards refugees and asylum seekers has been very effective at integrating them.
In conclusion, Australia is one of the English speaking countries that have successfully attained a multicultural society. This has led to attraction of visitors to the nation who would like to experience a multicultural environment. It is very positive to the economy as it encourages cultural tourism. Multiculturalism in Australia has contributed to the progress of the whole society like in the United Kingdom.
Yugoslavia came to be because of a group of people wanted their own nation, and worked out as the Allies of Britain wondered what could come of dominating the Austro-Hungarians. The beginning of Yugoslavia is well known, but why did the country fall apart completely? As stated in the thesis, there was always a sense of nationality and diversity between the republics of the nation. The six never came together as one nation, and if there would have, many of Yugoslavia 's conflicts would have ceased to happen.
Now I shall give a bit of a quick history lesson. The land of Australia had two types of people living there before the European settlers came to the country the Aboriginal and the Torres Strait Islanders and in 1688 a man named William Dampier was the first British man to explore Australia (Austrailian Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade). This is similar to how America had Native A...
Immigration is an important feature of Australian society. Since 1945, over six million people from 200 countries have come to Australia as new settlers. Migrants have made a major contribution to shaping modern Australia. People born overseas make up almost one quarter of the total population. About its ethics distribution, aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people totaled 410 003 at the last census, nearly 2.2 per cent of the population. Two thirds of the indigenous people live in towns and cities. Many others live in rural and remote areas, and some still have a broadly traditional way of life.(Ning)
Australian culture really shows the meaning and the true colors of what this country is about. The Australian people, which main language is English, also have many other languages that can be found in that region. For instance, some common spoken languages are Italian and Chinese. Although Australian residences speak English, they put their own twist on words. For example, the term “lolly water” (Smith) is simply another name
Ever since the 1970s, Australia has become a multicultural nation. Australia’s multiculturalism is a way to explain the variety of ethnic backgrounds within the Australian people. “It implies that there are many ways of being Australian, not just one ‘Australian way of life’” (Carter 333). Multiculturalism has majorly changed the way that people view Australian history and identity.
There can be no gainsaying, as to the fact that Australia is not only a choice destination for many, but also houses some of the most beautiful cities in the world (Bastian, 2012). As a matter of fact, Bastian (2012) continues to state that this change is strongly attributed to immigration, which continues to foster strong cultural and economic growth in Australia. As Australia continues to open its borders to an increasingly diverse population, Australians themselves continue to open their minds to accommodate diversity in the form of new lifestyles, foods, traditions, values, beliefs and so forth (Bastian, 2012). According to Henry & Kurzak (2013), the 2011 census show that 26% of Australians were born abroad and 20% have either one or both
From its birth in 1918 to its death in the 1990’s, Yugoslavia has always been a whole. Yugoslavia was kept together by it’s diplomacy and their good reputation and achievements during the administration led by Tito. As a result of his death, neighbors that lived in peace for decades turned on each other, ethnic hatred was occuring and republics were declaring independence one after the other. The country was gradually falling apart. There were many reasons for the breakup of Yugoslavia but one of the most important one was realism which basically deals with politics.
Albania: The Development of a Developing Country Albania, a small country located in Southeastern Europe, is a nation that does not have a true identity – its people are Muslim and Christian, it is a country that is both poor and poor, it is as urban as it is rural, and has evolved from monarchy to socialism and now to fledgling democracy. In other words, Albania and its people have seen it all. The extremes of Albanian society are vivid, and underlying tensions are evident. But Albania is not “another Yugoslavia” – there is no doubt that the internal environment of Albania has been and somewhat continues to be tense, although the breaking point has never been fully reached. Albania is a country with a fervently tense past (especially during the Cold War era), yet many people do not know about it, and few would be able to find the country on the map.
As can be seen, from European arrival in 1788 to present days the lives of aboriginal people have been affected in many ways such as suffering with unfamiliar diseases, violence and dispossessed of spiritual land. Aboriginal people also struggled for right and freedom, which struggled against stolen generation and assimilation. However, Aboriginal people began to achieve equality right and freedom as non- Aboriginal people since the referendum in 1967. Therefore, Australian should be considered at this point in order to close the gap between Aboriginal people and Non-Aboriginal people in the future.