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Medical advancements in ww1
Medical advancements in ww1
Medical advancements in ww1
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Shell-Shock at the time of WWI is part of a dark time in the history of the entire world and is still an issue today with the soldiers coming home from the front lines. Millions of men died fighting for a territory that sometimes spanned barely a mile for years and witnessed some of the most horrific events during the war. The sheer number of cases of ‘Shell-shock' thrown up by the hellish conditions of trench warfare in the Great War, forced the military authorities, for the first time, to take combat stress seriously (N and M). It was sometimes just over looked and they were even tortured to get out of it or even killed because it was considered cowardly. The novel Regeneration, intricately interweaves fact and fiction, deriving fictive scenarios from “factual” circumstances. The scenarios of the texts are “true” the extent of the lives of the real-life characters (Harris). In the novel there were two main treatments and they were completely different. Dr.Rrivers for example used his voice and would talk it out with his patient’s, but Dr. Yealland on the other hand like when he is treating Callan used electro-shock therapy. The main point that Barker is making about the treatment given to shell shock patients is the conditions in which the men during that time were put in for their treatment based on their condition of shell shock. Rivers is the main character and doctor that deals with the patients, his first patient in the novel and main character who was a commanding officer who protests the war. I believe that knowing about Shell-shock or as we call it today, PTSD, is important in helping one better understand the book because the book is almost the first uncovering of this problem at that time to the world of the war and th... ... middle of paper ... ...ck. N.p., 2000. Web. 9 May 2014. http://pb.rcpsych.org/content/24/6/225.full N&M Press reprint (original pub 1922). Report of the War Office Committee of Enquiry into "Shell-shock" London: His Majesty's Stationery Office, 1922. Print. Smith, Tony. "Review of Regeneration." British Medical Journal 312.7039 (4 May 1996): 1171-1172. Rpt. in Contemporary Literary Criticism. Ed. Jeffrey W. Hunter. Vol. 146. Detroit: Gale Group, 2002. Literature Resource Center. Web. 15 Apr. 2014. http://go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?id=GALE%7CH1100036954&v=2.1&u=aacc_ref&it=r&p=LitRC&sw=w&asid=0fabd3e9871cb57dddd87cc5164f7edc Stagner, Annessa C. "Reevaluating Society's Perception of Shell Shock." Reevaluating Society's Perception of Shell Shock: A Comparative Study Between Great Britain and the United States. West Texas State University, n.d. Web. 15 Apr. 2014. http://ww1ha.org/shellshock.htm
At the beginning of Pat Barker’s Regeneration, she introduces readers to the war hero Siegfried Sassoon, who refused to fight on the grounds that the war had already been completed. Sassoon is declared mentally ill and is sent to the Craiglockhart War Memorial Hospital. At the hospital, Sassoon meets with Dr. W. H. R. Rivers. Dr. Rivers has the job of getting soldiers back to a state of good mental condition, which will enable them to return to the service. From the beginning of the novel to the closing, Dr. Rivers makes you wonder what he will do. Will he fight for the soldiers that are mentally struggling with the war or will he favor what the government wants him to do? Throughout Pat Barker’s Regeneration, she how much Dr. Rivers has
...ater, the British still held their ground, though it continued to mist and the shelling was more constant. A 5.9 shell flying over his head, Blunden and his men began exploring the trench they were in, and they managed to find an intact listening set. Perceiving from the continuous shell blast that a full-scale attack would soon be made upon them, Blunden telephoned an SOS to the artillery; a reply was sent that they could offer no help as their headquarters had recently been attacked and had thirty dead and wounded.
Pat Barker's Regeneration focuses on the troubled soldiers' mental status during World War One. Barker introduces the feelings soldiers had about the war and military's involvement with the war effort. While Regeneration mainly looks at the male perspective, Barker includes a small but important female presence. While Second Lieutenant Billy Prior breaks away from Craiglockhart War Hospital for an evening, he finds women at a cafe in the Edinburgh district (Barker 86). He comes to the understanding that the women are munitions workers. Women's involvement in war work in Regeneration shows the potential growth in women's independence, but at the expense of restrictions placed on men while they were on the front lines of battle.
Works Cited Barker, Pat. Regeneration. The. Toronto: Plume, 1993. http://www. Owen, Wilfred.
Pat Barker's Regeneration explores the internal struggles of WWI soldiers, and their attempts to overcome the trauma of war experiences. One way in which soldiers were treated for psychological trauma was with hypnosis. Hypnosis is introduced to the reader on page 51. In this particular scene, Billy Prior is attempting to convince Dr. Rivers of his specific need for hypnotherapy, in order to recall his repressed memories. By recovering these painful memories through hypnosis, Barker's male patients find themselves able to embrace emotions rather than repress them. Prior is one particular example of the need to alter masculine gender roles in order to embrace emotions and be healed, a theme present in Regeneration.
Morrison, Toni. “Recitatif.” Elements of literature, 5th Course. Austin: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston, 2007. 154-160.
Chapter 22 in the novel Regeneration by Pat Barker is very significant to the development of the character Dr. W.H.R. Rivers, through the symbol of control throughout the book. In this chapter, Rivers returns to his home after witnessing Dr. Lewis Yealland’s horrific treatment of his patient Callan through the use of electrotherapy. Being displaced by the incident, Rivers finds it difficult to do any work because throughout the night recollections of the treatment continue to haunt him. After deciding to go to sleep, Rivers has a nightmare where he is treating a patient with electroshock therapy, just as Yealland did, except after attempting to shove the electrode into the patient’s mouth several times, he realizes that what he is holding is not an electrode, but a horse’s bit. Rivers awakens and reflects on this dream, noting that instead of trying to cure a patient of mutism by stimulating the patient with electroshock therapy, he was really trying to get his patient to stop speaking, and to rather become mute. The passages in chapter 22 serves to force the reader to question wether or not Rivers and Yealland are actually helping their patients, as well as to develop Dr. Rivers’s character by showing how he and Yealland are quite similar despite their differences in treatment through the exhibition of the element of control that both of these characters possess.
The veterans were majorly affected by Post Traumatic Stress Disorder because they watched their comrades die right in front of them and had flashbacks of when their comrades fell. PTSD affects the brain of the soldiers that witnessed traumatic events(The VVA Veterans, web). They can have invasive memories. They can also end up with seizures. The seizures will come with a lot of anxiety or stress related from war memories. The seizures would come into play when they are having an anxiety attack or the memories. The doctors did not know how to stop the seizures at first till a year later from the soldiers being home or the doctors wouldnt diagnose the soldiers with them.
Bloom, Harold. "Rebirth and Renewal." Google Books. Ed. Blake Hobby. N.p., 2009. Web. Dec. 2013. .
Lawrence Hill Books, c2009 Bracken, Patrick and Celia Petty (editors). Rethinking the Trauma of War. New York, NY: Save the Children Fund, Free Association Books, Ltd, 1998.
The war scarred the soldiers permanently, if not physically then mentally. After the war the soldiers usually never recovered from the war. Two of the most common side affects of the war were shell shock and stir crazy. When suffering from shell shock a soldier’s brain doesn’t function properly and the man is a “vegetable”. This means the man is alive but he can’t do anything because he is in a state of shock because of the war. Stir crazy is a mental illness caused by the firing of so many bullets that when no bullets are heard by the victim he goes insane. Everyone was scared to go to war when it started. Young recruits were first sent because the veterans knew they were going to come back dead. "When we run out again, although I am very excited, I suddenly think: “where’s Himmelstoss?” Quickly I jump back into the dug-out and find him with a small scratch lying in a corner pretending to be wounded.” (P 131) Even the big men like Himmelstoss are scared to go fight. They too go through the mental illnesses like stir crazy and shell shock. “He is in a panic; he is new to it too.
Spiller, Roger J. "Shell shock; time after time in this troubled century, our whole society has
In Conclusion, I believe my theory when combined with Sarah’s hypothesis is an adequate way to view regeneration. The Organic-Regeneration Theory, as I have named it, states that the Doctor is the same through time since, no new matter is added or old matter removed, but only a chemical rearrangement takes place. It works well from a Perdurantistic or an Endurantistic point of view, and I believe I have answered the challenges to it successfully.
In this essay I am looking at where Psychology as a discipline has come from and what affects these early ideas have had on psychology today, Psychology as a whole has stemmed from a number of different areas of study from Physics to Biology,
Since the beginning of civilization, doctors have been searching for ways to repair, recreate, or otherwise replace damaged parts of the body. Procedures which seem complex even by today’s standards, such as a skin graft for facial reconstruction, have been performed since as long as 1000 years ago. The concept of regeneration has even been acknowledged as far back as the 8th century BC in the Greek myth of Prometheus, in which Prometheus was punished by having an eagle, Ethos, eat his liver each day, only to have it regenerate by nighttime and be pecked out again the next day....