Silence
One out of every four college woman has been a victim of rape. Through the decades, men are seen as the alpha male seeking to use aggressive behavior towards women, which is exactly what is happening. Women are told that they are no one in society, to stay quiet “or else”, or the fear of loosing “love” which makes women more applicable to be subjected to instances such as rape. Even further more, in college many women are in a learning process in their life where many of these instances occur. Although, women have stayed in silence and will continue to choose to stay hidden, many women are coming out against these men. In college many athletes, especially male athletes, have the alter ego and reputation to account for many of the rape acts that occur in college settings. In today’s society, there are many outlets for sexual harassment victims to reach out to, but the fear embossed in college females still out do the fact that there is many legal protections and outlets they can turn to.
Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972, states that it is a federal civil rights law that prohibits discrimination on the basis of sex in any education program or activity that receives federal funding. In the article, “I’m His Coach, Not His Father.” A Title IX Analysis of Sexual Harassment in College Sports” states a valid point that under the Title IX was passed under the Constitution’s Spending Clause which thus means that all participant’s receiving federal funding must obey the rules and regulations which include the law prohibiting sex discrimination. (Cullitan 56) This law is the main law looked at when dealing with sexual harassment in the education system due to the fact that it includes sexual harassment, rape, and sexu...
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Over two decades have passed since the enactment of Title IX, a federal law prohibiting sex discrimination in federally funded education, including athletics. As a result of Title IX, women and girls have benefited from more athletic participation opportunities and more equitable facilities. Because of Title IX, more women have received athletic scholarships and thus opportunities for higher education that some may not have been able to afford otherwise. In addition, because of Title IX the salaries of coaches for women's teams have increased. Despite the obstacles women face in athletics, many women have led and are leading the way to gender equity.
Title IX and the Education Amendments of 1972 were created to defend equal opportunities for women of all ages. Since its inception 44 years ago, women have seen impressive strides as well as disappointing failures. Social prejudice continues to exist limiting female participation opportunities, benefits for female athletes, coaching opportunities, and increased exposure to sexual assault and abuse. Few institutions treat female athletes equally due to the lack of enforcement by collegiate athletic departments. The enforcement of Title IX has not been a priority among far too many educational institutions leaving women open to discrimination and mistreatment.
The debate over Title IX is a complex one, with many sides relentlessly attacking each other’s approaches regarding the law. The Title IX advocates, largely comprised of women’s organizations such as the National Women’s Law Center (NWLC), take the approach that the law is the major reason women have achieved somewhat equal opportunities in athletics. The NWLC contends that abolishing Title IX would undo years of progress so far achieved. In sharp contrast with the Title IX advocates are the Title IX opponents, who are largely comprised of the National Wrestling Coaches Association (...
Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972 states that, “No person in the United States shall, on the basis of sex, be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination under any education program or activity receiving Federal financial assistance.” (“Title IX and Sex Discrimination”) Title IX protects people from discrimination based on sex in education programs or activities which receive Federal financial assistance. This had a significant impact on women’s sports on all levels. “These programs and activities may include, but are not limited to: admissions, recruitment, financial aid, academic programs, student treatment and services, counseling and guidance, discipline, classroom assignment, grading, vocational education, recreation, physical education, athletics, housing and employment.” (“Title IX and Sex Discrimination”) If any person wants to file a complaint of an alleged discrimination, they must go to the Office for Civil Right within 180 days of the incident.
Have you ever wondered what protects our right to an education free of sexual harassment and equal opportunity in school activities? Title IX does that.
Mott, Meg. "What about prevention? Higher ed must adopt stronger policies and practices to prevent sexual assault." University Business Mar. 2014: 56. Academic OneFile. Web. 22 Apr. 2014.
The enactment of this Title has significantly changed the playing field for athletic departments through out the nation by altering their funding systems to comply with its rules. As a result, women have benefited greatly. There have been additions of female sports as well as an increase of the number of scholarships awarded to female athletes, and also a lot more funding to provide more “equitable” facilities for them. According to the NCAA Gender Equity Studies , “from 1992 to 1997 NCAA institutions have increased the number of female athletes by 5,800. But tragically during that time these colleges also eliminated 20,900 male athletes.” (Kocher p.1) This dramatic landslide has occurred because athletic departments are under pressure to rapidly increase the proportion of female athletes by whatever means necessary. As the path toward complete “equality” gradually brightens for women in college athletics, a dark path is now becoming evident. Male athletes, in a sense, are now being discriminated against because of Title IX.
In this research paper, we will evaluate how sexual assault is handled on a college campus. What system is used and how does it
Anderson, D. J., & Cheslock, J. J. (2004). Institutional Strategies To Achieve Gender Equity In Intercollegiate Athletics: Does Title IX Harm Male Athletes?. American Economic Review, 94(2), 307-311.
Great inequalities in the educational system between the sexes have occurred for many years and still occur today. Efforts have been made to rectify this disparity, but the one that has made the most difference is Title IX. Passed in 1972, Title IX attempted to correct the gender discrimination in educational systems receiving public funding. The greatest correction it made was in the area of athletics, but social justice of Title IX applies to many other areas as well. Title IX has an effect on women who are not athletes in many ways, including quality of education, receptivity to education, empowerment and creation of ideals.
The visible effects of Title IX were mainly seen in the athletic arena, but the subtle effects of Title IX came to all women in the United States in the fo...
Neimark, Jill. "Out of Bounds: The Truth About Athletes and Rape" Mademoiselle May 1991 P196-199, 244-245
When it comes to sexual assault on college campuses there is also the question of what can colleges do to decrease the amount of sexual assaults. Bradford Richardson and Jon A Shields wondered the same thing, so they conducted an ...
After I interviewed both my grandfather and Samm, I was not going to leave them without giving them information on the topic, and both of them thanked me for the information, because they both said they had been misinformed on what exactly Title IX is. That brings me to a point. Do you know what Title IX is? To be honest before I started this research for this paper, I was always told it is how women got the right to play sports. Now given sports...
Clark, C. S. (1991, August 9). Sexual harassment. CQ Researcher, 1, 537-560. Retrieved from http://library.cqpress.com/cqresearcher