Scabies While sitting around your house, watching television, you notice that you have been scratching your arm and in between your fingers for a little while. After taking a closer look you notice something that you assume is a rash and just ignore it. The next day however you notice that the rash has spread and that you think you see burrows in your skin. Then it hits you, the weekend that you spent away on vacation in that not so expensive hotel to save a couple of dollars has now cost you more money in the long run. You must go see your doctor to be treated for scabies! Scabies mites are distributed worldwide, affecting all races, ages and socioeconomic classes in all climates. Sarcoptes scabei, human itch, or mange mites, are in the arthropod class Arachnida, subclass Acari, family Sarcoptidae. These mites burrow under the skin, living in linear burrows. Other races of scabies may cause infestations in other mammals such as domestic cats, dogs, pigs, and horses. It should be noted that races of mites found on other animals could not establish infestations in humans. They may cause temporary itching due to dermatitis but they do not tunnel into the skin. The mode of transmission is primarily person-to-person contact. Newly emerged impregnated females will crawl onto the uninfected person. The mite will hold onto the skin using suckers attached to the two most anterior pairs of legs. They will then burrow into the skin. Transmission may also occur via fomites (e.g., bedd...
Schistosomiasis is a parasite. This parasite is a worm that you get through contaminated water. Urine and feces usually contaminate the water. The worm goes in to your body and migrates to the bladder, rectum, liver, lungs, spleen, intestines and some veins. After the worm migrates to these places this is where it matures and lays its eggs. The disease has the ability to lay two thousand to three thousand eggs per day and can live for twenty years. There are five different kind of Schistosomiasis that effect humans, these different kinds are; S. mansoni, S. Heamatobium, S. japonicum, S. intercalatum and S. mekongi. There are also other kinds of Schistosomiasis that occasionally infect humans, there are; S. bovis, S. mathei, and some avian schistosomes.
The most common way this disease is transmitted from one animal to the next is through mosquitoes. A mosquito carrying infective heartworm larvae bites a dog and transmits the infection to them. The larvae grow, develop, and migrate in the body over a period of 6 to 7 months, in which time they become sexually mature male and female worms. this is the prepatent period. The worms then reside in the heart, lungs, and associated blood vessels. The worms begin to mate and release microfilaria into the blood stream. When a mosquito bites an infected dog it takes in some of the microfilaria in the blood. After 10 to 30 days there is larvae in the mosquito’s salivary gland which can then be passed on to the next dog the mosquito bites.
Urticaria is now commonly known as hives, it is a common allergic reaction that makes the skin form raised red itchy welts. They can also burn or sting. Anyone can be susceptible to hives since it is a very common condition. Hives form when histamine, a chemical, is released by mast cells. Histamine is usually released with an allergic reaction and it acts by causing the blood vessels to leak fluid into the nearby tissues causing skin to puff up like a mosquito bite. Releasing histamine does not need to be from an allergic reaction though; there are other circumstances where it can be released. They are usually harmless and can last up to ha...
Even though S. aureus is mainly associated with food poisoning, the bacterium can penetrate the skin or other mucous membranes to invade a range of tissues which will cause a variety of infections. Superficial infection of the skin can cause boils, impetigo, styes (infection of the glands or hair follicles of the eyelids), folliculitis, and furnacles. All of these infections are charac...
Hochadel, M. (2014). Mosby's Drug Reference for Health Care Professionals (fourth edition ed.). : Elsevier.
This parasite is spread through the bite of sandflies. There are three different types of infections and they each show varying degrees of severity. The cutaneous form produces mild skin ulcers, mucocutaneous produces ulcers in the mouth and nose, and the visceral form of the disease starts with skin ulcers and then fever, low red blood cell count, and an enlarged spleen and liver. The parasite is detected by a microscope and visceral can also be found by doing blood tests. 12 million people are in infected in 98 different countries and 2 million new cases are found every year. The disease also kills around 20 to 50 thousand people a year.
The term, “Ichthyosis”, is a skin disorder generally causing dry, scaly skin. It is affecting around 1 in 250 people and is typically an autosomal dominant inherited disease; although, a rare non-heritable version called “acquired ichthyosis” exists to this day in modern age. The condition is not life-threatening, however, the impact on the patient, if it is a mild case, is commonly regulated to mild itching and the social impression of having skin with an unusual appearance will affect those surrounding the person tremendously. People afflicted with mild cases acquire symptoms which comprises scaly patches on the shins, fine white scales on the forearms and upper arms, and rough palms. These severe cases involve the “build-up” of scales everywhere. Furthermore, when the “build-up” of scales are depraved, the person with a severe case suffers from "prickly itch" when he or she needs to sweat but cannot because of the scales. Various contemporary treatments are available to "exfoliate" the scales. These include lotions that contain alpha-hydroxy acids.
The symptoms of psoriasis differ from type to type, although inflamed, scaly lesions are present in all five types. The most common form of the disease, plaque psoriasis, is identified by small bumps that begin to grow and become scaly. These lesions flake easily, but removing these patches can cause the tender skin below to bleed. In the Guttate type, small, individual, red drops form. This type does not have as much scaling as plaque psoriasis. The drops usually clear up on their own, but may also reappear as a different form of psoriasis, usually plaque. Inverse psoriasis usually occurs in places where the skin folds, such as the genitals, breasts, armpits or the backs of knees. This type will appear red, yet it will be smooth and dry. Also, no scaling will occur. Pustular psoriasis is a type that's significantly more rare. It is also more painful. In this type, blisters filled with non-infectious pus appear within a few hours and then dry up and peel within another two days. Severe medical risks exist for those who have this particular form of psoriasis, due to its side effects; exhaustion, anemia, weight loss, fever, chills, rapid pulse rate, severe itching and muscle weakness. Even less common than pustular psoriasis is erythrodermic psoriasis. This type is...
infection with the skin warts. Warts are contagious and enter the skin through a cut or scratch
Being all members of the human race surely we have all sympathized for the less fortunate; whether it was for what they had or what they didn’t. There is a condition that most have never considered, and probably have never heard of. Imagine big white and red spots that decorate every part of your body so that they can’t be hidden. On the inside you have a painful sinus infection and after a while a loss of peripheral nerve sensation so bad that your hands and feet go numb. You could go blind or you could loose your nose, ears, or even legs to amputation. Unfortunately the physical ailments are the best part. Throughout history leprosy sufferers have been cast off from society with as much concern that dead bodies are sent to graves.
In skin tissues the larvae mature into adults, which commonly exist in nodules in skin connective tissues
“Infectious diseases are disorders caused by organisms — such as bacteria, viruses, fungi or parasites” (None, 2013). It is caused by microorganisms and transmitted from an infected person to another and catch the same disease, and there are several infectious diseases caused by a lack of personal hygiene. Personal hygiene “is all the things we do to keep our bodies clean and healthy”. It is to maintain cleanliness at the body such as the cleanliness of hands and nails, hair, etc. and these areas more prone to capture harmful microbes (Crissey, 2005). There are several infectious diseases related to a lack of personal hygiene which affects the digestive and respiratory system and skin, such as scabies. “Scabies is a skin infection caused by the Sarcoptes scabiei” (Chang et al, 2006). Scabies is a common disease appears in all people and reconstruction affects the skin occurs ...