Salmon Rushdie
In a world that is ready to criticize the slightest fault, or
impropriety of a person's character, or way of thinking,
authors, such as Salmon Rushdie, are continually under fire. In his
writings, Rushdie takes the aspects of typical every day life and
satirizes them in a way that enables his readers to realize how
nonsensical they may be. Through centuries of diverse writing and
literary changes, one thing remains the same: writers, no matter who
they are, or what their standing in society is, will be criticized.
Salmon Rushdie, although a modern writer, is faced with much criticism
that earlier writers also faced.
In June of 1947, in Bombay, India, a child was born. A child
who would grow up to become one of the most outspoken and
radical writers of this modern era. Born in a time of political unrest
(DISCovering), and a newly found freedom for India from British rule,
Rushdie would grow not to find freedom through his writings, but a deep
rooted criticism. Educated at The Cathedral Boys' School, and then
Cambridge, Rushdie had a refined learning experience. When Rushdie
started his career in writing he was unable to support himself and
therefore held jobs such as acting and copyrighting until he was able
to himself support as a writer.
Rushdie's first published book, Grimus, tells the story of an
American Indian who receives the gift of immortality and begins
an odessy to find the meaning of life. Initially this work attracted
the attention of the science fiction readers(DISCovering). The books
genre is very often disagreed upon by critics, and has been called a
fable, fantasy, political satire, and magical realism(DISCovering).
Being "an ambitious, strikingly confident first work(DISCovering),"
Rushdie was able to establish himself in the literary world as a
writer. In his second book, Rushdie turned back to his homeland to
find the subject that he wished to write about. Midnight's Children
chronicles the recent history of India, beginning in 1947 when the
country became free from British rule(DISCovering). In this allegorical
work, Rushdie uses the characters to represent hopes as well as the
frustrating realities of India's newly found freedom. Shame is
Rushdie's third book. In this work he presents an astonishing account
of events in an unnamed country that strongly resembles Pakistan. The
major theme in this work is shame verses honor. The Satanic Verses is
probably Rushdie's most popular and most controversial work. In this
ambiguous work, Rushdie explores the themes relating to good and evil,
religious faith and fanaticism, illusion verses reality, and the plight
of Indians who have relocated to Great Britain.
...uring this time period, as portrayed in this story as well as throughout the chapter, birth control was viewed as unconstitutional. Another example of a feminist who fought the war for birth control was Margret Sanger. She was so against forced pregnancies that she took matters into her own hands. “Sanger smuggled these devices into the United States and in 1916, in an immigrant neighborhood in Brooklyn, opened the first American Birth control clinic. Days after the clinic opened, she was arrested for promoting birth control.” (Dubois &Dumenil, 2012.)
Although the majority of Caucasian Americans practiced racism and classism, it was the stigma of birth control that caused many citizens to dislike Margaret Sanger’s ideas intensely. Women who used birth control tended to be flappers who were the social symbol of sexual liberation which caused conservative Americans to carry animosity towards pregnancy prevention, due to the dishonorable stain it carried. American conservatives considered birth control to be immoral because they speculated that pregnancy prevention would fuel the abhorrent actions of the flappers and cause the social demise of America. Sanger faced fierce opposition for her ‘immoral’ public conduct and her seemingly devilish thinking. However, Sanger’s acclaimed speech “The Morality of Birth Control” advocates that pregnancy prevention will aid the advancement of modern Anglo-Saxon American society, while stating that in order for that to occur we must disregard traditional views.
Teresa de Ahumada y Cepeda, Saint Teresa's complete name, was born in Avila, Castile, Spain on March 28, 1515. Her father, Don Alonso Sanchez de Cepeda, had remarried to his second wife, Dona Beatriz de Ahumada, and Teresa was the third of their nine children. Her father, being a Jewish converso and a highly respected man in Avila, was excluded from many offices in State and religious orders in Spain because of his racial purity. The family though, was large and wealthy in Avila and had no major problems.
Goldenberg, I., & Goldenberg, H. (2013). Family therapy: An overview (8th ed.). Pacific Grove, CA: Brooks/Cole.
Family therapy is a branch of psychotherapy which involves working with family and couples in order to facilitate positive change and development. Family therapy emphasizes the role of family relationships on psychological health. There are various schools of thought in family therapy but they all agree that irrespective of the origin of the problem and notwithstanding if the clients consider the problem a family-related one, family therapy can often prove quite beneficial to the clients. Modern family therapy expands the definition of family to include not only parents and children but all the people who have forged long term roles and relationships and may not necessarily share any relationship by blood or marriage (1).
When an individual or family results to therapy, there is often specific tensions and concerns that have to some degree remained unresolved (O'Gorman, 2012). Family Therapy serves as a psychological intervention to assist in resolving problems, addressing roles in the family, dealing with marital discord, separation and divorce, delinquency and any other family-related issues. Family therapy was first discovered about a decade after World War II, when psychiatrists, clinical psychologists, psychiatric social workers, marriage counselors, pastoral counselors not only wanted to just provide individual treatment but look into family relationships (Goldenberg & Goldenberg, 2013). In the past, problems were often dealt with by institutions, such as the church and hospitals. Several practitioner contributed to the family therapy. According to Goldenberg, Nathan Ackerman, John Bell, Don Jackson, Murray Bowen and Carl Whitaker were separately making contributions to family therapy and were unaware of each other’s efforts. Jay Haley, Virginia Satir, Lyman Wynne, Salvador Minuchin, Ivan Boszormenyi- Nagy, and James Framo also contributed to the development of family therapy and had very important roles (Goldenberg & Goldenberg, 2013).
However, I was unaware of birth control’s eugenic, racist, ableist, and classist history before this class. The article “Contested Terrain: The Historical Struggle for Fertility Control” by Susan Davis helped inform me of this history, specifically, that fertility control was imposed “on U.S. women, particularly those poor and Black, for whom they thought it as ‘socially appropriate’ to limit fertility” by feminists such as Margaret Sanger and other feminists (100). Davis’ comment that “the emphasis on birth control for Third World and poor North American women by the now-established population control organizations had an ironic double effect: While racist in intent and effect, it was also liberating to have birth control publicly accepted and available” was enlightening to my positionality on reproductive rights (100). This ironic double effect helped me change the way I think about my use of birth control, recognize the economic and racial privileges I have, and my understanding of birth control as a tool of empowerment. As a self-defined feminist, it is important to me to consider a more transnational approach to the origins of the use of birth control to understand the positionality of other females and their understanding of birth control in its application. I am now more aware of my positionality and experience with birth control and will work
An initially reluctant nun who became one of the few female “doctors of the Church,” St. Teresa of Avila lived in Spain from 1515-1582. Fanciful and charismatic, Teresa first ended up in the convent at age 16 as a result of her strict father’s attempt to reign in her imagination and flirtations. This convent, however, had become the refuge of many women with no place else to go, and accordingly was not the ideal environment for spiritual development. Only after years of serious illness during which Teresa hardly prayed at all did Teresa, at the recommendation of a priest, return in earnest to prayer. Her persistence through the challenges of developing her practice of mental prayer is recorded in her writings that have become founts of spiritual wisdom that draw countless others into relationship with God.
The therapist needs to create a calm and open environment and attempt to get all members of the family members to participate in the session because according to Michael Rohrbaugh, “Systemic therapists, like Bowen, attach importance to broad multi-generational patterns, but the other approaches do not” (Rohrbaugh, 1982). This why it is critical for the therapist to get the whole family to participate and open up so that the therapist can look at the multi-generational patterns and takes those into account. This can be easier said than done if there are reluctant family members. As with all therapy the family has to want to change including all family members. The initial session allows the therapist to sit back and watch how the family interacts with one another. The therapist can watch for any outward dysfunctional behaviors that are present in the session prior to even asking what the problem is. During the initial session the therapist will pose questions to clients to determine what their problem is and also ask what brought them to therapy. A useful question from our text book is asking the clients “If we had a videotape of this, what would it look like?” (Nicholas, 2013). This I feel is an important question because it gives the family time sit back and think about how each one of them plays a role in the problem. The therapist can see how the family interacts when the questions
According to the World Health Organisation(WHO) Influenza is a viral infection that usually attacks the upper respiratory tract that leads to severe illnesses and in some cases, it can lead to life threatening complications. Influenza can be easily spread via contact person to person through the air by water droplets; such sneezing or coughing. the symptoms of influenza are; headaches, fever, muscle pain/weakness, tiredness, dry coughs, sore throats, loss of appetite, possible chest pain and stuffy/ runny nose. Although influenza is the most common viral infection and highly contagious, it can be easily treated within 1-2 weeks. There are certain people that can develop a higher risk of complications including; aboriginals, pregnant
As a student in the scuba certification class here at State, I have been taught that if you would like to keep all of your limbs, it is best to keep your hands to yourself under the water. This means that if I saw a 52 pound fish, I probably would not try to stab it with a spear, or play a game of cat and mouse. So what makes a spearfisherman? How does one go about spending their recreational time chasing after fish as big as them?
Influenza, also known as the flu, is a common viral infection of the respiratory passage causing fever, and severe aching. It often occurs in epidemics. It can happen to anyone of any age, race, or sex. It affects most people during the winter. It is usually spread from person to person by them coughing, or sneezing on each other. However, sometimes it can be spread by people touching something that was recently contaminated with the virus and the touching their mouth or nose. Some of the symptoms are fever, aching muscles, headache, persistent cough, fatigue and weakness, nasal congestion, and sore throat.
The nineteenth century brought upon a new era which introduced many things, one of which is Romanticism. This can be defined as a cultural movement in history that was brought upon by one’s creativity, and defiance of normal set limitations. Romanticism in the nineteenth century is marked by deep subjectivity. Some Romantic artists may be viewed confident through individuality. Likewise, Romanticism is celebrated by freedom and the exercise of imagination and can also be expressed though emotion.
Romanticism was a movement that was widespread with both its origins and influence. During the late 1800’s the world was transforming from the Enlightenment period to a
So, they are helpful in changing our behavior patterns. Moreover, psychologists approach treatments and therapy differently. As a matter of fact, these approaches are: behavioral, psychodynamic, humanistic, cognitive, evolutionary, and sociocultural. To me, the sociocultural approach is the most effective in building family relationships. Before therapy, my family and I had multiple arguments, in which sometimes resulted in domestic violence. Due to poor communication, we fought with each almost everyday, usually about small topics. After consulting with a therapist, however, my family’s relationship has transformed. From my experience, family therapy enabled us to admit our problems with each other. Despite the tense moments, we addressed the major issues within our relationship and brainstormed ways in solving them. Furthermore, the therapist restructured the coalitions in my family by suggesting how we should act with one another. Our family therapist also shared the same social and cultural values as my family. We did not oppose to any of her suggestions in improving our behaviors. As a result, the therapist instructed my parents to be less strict and be more lenient towards my siblings and I. In accordance, the motivators of life contributed in improving our relationships by focusing on our social and cultural