Introduction
In this paper, it is going to be discuss about the Small Island Developing State. The first part deals with a brief historical overview of the appearance of development issues and of SIDS in the international arena. Then in a second part, both an overall description of SIDS common characteristics and SIDS’s current and future challenge faces due to climate change, will be presented. A third part will cope with the effects and vulnerabilities caused by climate change. The last part, before the conclusion, will treat the adaptation strategies.
In the developing wold, both population and economy depend on the environment. Nowadays, climate changes and other environmental problems have a huge impact in the developing world.
It was in the 70s, that environmental issues made their appearance in the global theatre and were presented as challenges. Mainly, it was during UN Conference on Human Environment in 1972, when countries decided general principles to fight environmental degradation.
The reason because environmental issues were not take in consideration before, in the economic field, was due to the absence of their costs from the calculation of GNI. However, it has to be consider that future growth and in general, quality of life are strongly related to environment. Therefore, environment’s long term implications has to be taken in consideration in the economy.
Climate changes are having a big impact on developing countries, especially on SIDS. These states are particularly vulnerable to them, because their resources as water and food supplies are based on climate resources. In addiction, most of them do not have efficient adaptive capacities to deal with climate changes.
The term “small island developing states” used ...
... middle of paper ...
...ers has being intensified.
In small islands the numbers of cyclones are dominated both by El Niño Southern Oscillation and variability, the result is a reallocations of tropical storms and a change in the routes taken by them.
Sea level rise is the major concern for SIDS, especially low-lying ones. Across the Pacific regions the average of sea-level rise is around +0.77 mm/yr53, whilst in the Caribbean is about 1 mm/yr. The difference is due to local conditions and to the tectonic movements.
What was said previously represents mostly the climate situation that SIDS are facing now and that are going to deal with in the future. In fact the 2013 report of IPCC, states that both the warming of atmosphere and ocean are inevitable, that sea level is rising and emissions of greenhouse gases have increased. The future warming estimated by 2100 is about the same as the
Climate change is a relatively new phenomenon in regards to its relevance towards the human population. This is because over the last several decades, negative consequences of climate change are just now starting to infringe upon the human life. Africa, a country made up of mostly periphery countries due to their topography and climate, experiences tremendous amounts of setbacks due to climate change. Therefore, this research will be centered on the consequences humans may face in Africa due to climate change and possible recommendations to combat this phenomenon. Africa is only second to Asia in landmass between all of the continents; therefore the research will be broken down into the different geographic locations of Africa
With global temperatures predicted to rise two to six degrees Celsius by 2050, according to the book Global Warming The Threat of Earth’s changing climate, (Pringle 33) many people are becoming worried about rising sea levels from this warming (Pringle 25-26). This warming however, may have a larger side affect that many scien...
Imagine one night you are putting your baby to sleep like you always do, when you wake up in the morning to find that your infant has all of the sudden passed away in their sleep. This phenomenon has become a parent’s worst fear. Their baby has passed away from sudden infant death syndrome and there is nothing they can do or could have done about it. SIDS is a real thing and has occurred all throughout history. It is very important to understand variables that can increase your chance of losing a baby to SIDS, looking for signs in their cry that could hint towards SIDS and taking every step you can to avoid sudden infant death syndrome from striking your family.
Funding international adaptation to help the world 's most vulnerable peoples adjust to the effects of global warming from which they are already suffering. Adaptation actions will reduce or avoid tensions around such issues as water sources and food shortages, thus alleviating global security problems (The Union of Concerned Scientists, 11).
In order to assess climate change from a security standpoint it is necessary to consider its potential future implications as well as their magnitude for different states and groups. It is clear that everybody will bear the effects of climate change, although the effects will be uneven and disproportionately distributed. States with less adaptive capacity, which can be determined by levels of “human health and food security, self-reliance, governmental capacity and poverty/development” , intensifies their vulnerability to the effects of climate change. The manifestations of climate change in the future ma...
In an effort to create a sustainable global environment a significant area of focus needs to be on the interrelationships that contribute to this goal. As with the relationships associated with globalization our actions are interconnected with one another, one nations decisions in a particular geographical area can often times impact those in another geographical areas. The same cause and effect theory applies to environmental interrelationships. An area that this can be most prevalent...
The threat of global warming has never before been so real, as is being felt now. With the Inter-governmental Panel for Climate Change giving out dire warnings of climate change and pollution in the environment, there has come about a sizeable literature to understand the phenomenon and to cope with it. There has been an increase in concern worldwide as to the deterioration of environmental quality and its impact on human lives. In particular in the field of economics, there have been pertinent questions raised in order to understand the linkage between environmental pressure and economic activity. In what way does environmetal quality affect economic activity? And how does economic development lead to environmental degradation?
Economic development has direct relationship with the environment. Whereas economic development is a policy intervention endeavour with aims of economic and social well-being of the people, economic growth is a phenomenon of market productivity and rise in
Climate change has become of the world’s major issue today. The earth’s climate is always changing in a very fast and also in different ways. Climate changes affect our lives psychologically, emotional and also physically. Climate change is defined as a long term change in the earth’s climate, especially a change due to the increase in the average atmospheric temperatures. Due to this change in temperature, a lot of changes has occurred in our environment, these changes include rising sea levels, flooding, melting of polar ice caps, hotter days, colder nights and heat waves. These climate changes plays an important role in shaping our natural ecosystem, our human economics and also the most important, it affects the human race. For
Scientists appear to have become aware of the issue of rising sea levels in the mid to late 1980s. An article published in Science News in 1987 predicted that “global warming… will cause… the world's oceans to expand, raising the average sea level by 4 to 8 centimeters in the next 40 years” (Monastersky). Though 4 to 8 centimeters sounds like a miniscule amount in relation to the vastness of the world’s oceans, this early article disturbed many readers. Many for this reason: early stud...
The Caribbean region is made up of a large variety of small islands, which means that global warming, or climate change, has a big effect on the Caribbean. Their biggest problem that they face with climate change is rising sea level and melting glaciers. The sea level rises and the glaciers melt because of the carbon dioxide in the air. The sea level rises to about 10-20 cm in a century. This is a major problem for the Caribbean because it leads to flooding. A huge variety of people are at risk because flooding is a normal occurrence and the islands lie so low that the sea level takes over and floods houses or important buildings; the region is constantly being damaged.
Today talking about environmental issues lately to be like a common topic discussion until people take it for granted. However, the world facing a complex environmental problems related to each trouble that connected to one another and come out with greater impacts to the environment and humans. This is because the effects of environmental only can be seen in long term period rather than immediately result show up. Environmental issues must become one of the controversial matters in the society in order to make people know the truth what the world currently facing. There were a lot of environmental disaster happened such as climate change, global warming, various of pollutions, earthquake and etc. the rise of environmental issues begin with this urban development occur through several countries following with the technologies equip along. For sure, development will cause a huge negative impact to the environment if it deals without a care. Besides, the environment is the place in the ecosystem to hold and use in finding resources to continuously survive in this world. Thus, the finding and digging for the resources which happening extensively without preservation will not restore the surrounding similar with before. But then, the change cannot be refuse and people need to take an action to save the threaten the world and the ecosystem from being extinct. If each country has own output in causing an environmental problem, then consider the world to hold all the damage occurred. Exposing the effects of environmental issues throughout the world, make people realize the important to take care the environment.
In traditional opinions, environmental protection and economic growth are mutually contradictory. Economic growth is a high environmental cost, and protecting the environment will limit the economic growth. The reason of contradiction stems from the inappropriate understandings among development, economic growth and environmental protection. In fact, economic growth could have a harmonious relationship with environmental protection.
Climate change is an inevitable phenomenon that is being experienced globally in various forms such as temperature rise. Sea level rise, droughts, floods, hurricanes, landslides, etc. According to the forth assessment report of the IPCC project even with immediate implementation of mitigation strategies global climate change will continue for decades. Climate change is inflicting serious consequences on human wellbeing and will continue to inflict damages in the future. It is estimated that mean global temperature will rise by 1.8 ºC - 4.0 ºC by end of the 21st century (Izaurraade, 2009). A new global climate model predicts that in the coming decade the surface air temperature is likely to exceed existing records (Smith et al., 2007). Growing season temperatures in the tropics and subtropics by end of the 21st century will exceed the most extreme temperature recorded in the history (Battistic and Rosamond, 2009).
... of extreme weather and melting ice caps are indicators of global warming. Because these things will affect society, there are important decisions that have to be made in the present as well as in the future to secure people’s lives and lifestyles. The world community is aware of this serious issue and do already prepare for projects to slow down global warming, but they still have to improve. If the world leaders stop worrying about this issue, the future generations could be in danger. The future lifestyles will be affected by the decisions made in the present day. Society has much to improve to save energy and to lower greenhouse gas emissions. There are also small things people can do to help. Individuals can live a life without wasting energy or polluting the environment. Without effort, global warming endangers the quality of life for the future generations.