Rubella

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Rubella is a disease more commonly known as the German measles. It is a disease that occurs throughout the world. It tends to peak during the spring time in countries with temperate climates. The name “Rubella” originally came from a Latin word that means, “little red.” In 1938 Hiro and Tosaka confirmed the viral etiology by giving the disease to children using filtered nasal washings from people with acute cases of the disease. Rubella became a nationally notified disease in 1966. The highest number of confirmed cases in the United States was in 1969 when 57,686 cases were reported during the year. A moderate outbreak also occurred in 1990-1991 which happened primarily in California and Pennsylvania among the Amish community. Until recently there was not a predominant age group for people who contracted rubella, but now, since 1993, people 15-39 years of age have been accounting for more than half of the cases found or reported. In an epidemic outbreak in the United States between 1962 and 1965 Rubella during pregnancy was estimated to have caused 30,000 still births and 20,000 children to be born impaired or disabled. In the 1990s Cuba declared the disease eliminated and in 2004 the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention declared that the disease both the congenital and acquired forms had been eliminated from the United States.
Rubella is caused by the Rubella virus, which is a togavirus that is enveloped and has a single stranded RNA (ribonucleic acid) genome; it is normally a mild infection. People that have had rubella have immunity to the disease for the rest of their lives. It is transmitted through the air and replicates in the nasopharynx and lymph nodes. It can take about a week for the rash to show up after being...

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...he second dose of the vaccine should be administered at 15 months through 12 years of age. Because of the vaccine, rubella is an uncommon disease in the United States, but people who did not receive or chose not to receive the vaccine could still contract it. In most cases rubella is quickly cured.
There is no known treatment or cure for rubella. However, there are medicines that can reduce the symptoms and ease the discomfort of the disease like taking acetaminophen to reduce the fever for example. Congenital heart defects and cataracts in children whose mother had rubella while pregnant can be corrected with surgery. The disease is usually mild, self-limiting and often asymptomatic.

Works Cited

http://www.news-medical.net/health/What-is-Rubella.aspx http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0002541/ http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/pinkbook/rubella.html

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