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The origin of the cold war
Was Truman responsible for the cold war
The origin of the cold war
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The history of the Cold War was one of suspense and countermoves by the U.S. and the USSR to prevent the domination of spheres of influence. Although it was not a war in the scientific sense, the clash over ideologies (Marxism and Capitalistic Democracy), placed the balance of power in limbo, and the prospect of an unintentional third World War. Waging Peace by Robert Bowie and Richard Immerman, offers a superb account on the true events behind the development, and implementation of the strategy of containment of the USSR. They presented a most captivating list of facts that were well research, and only now can one fully grasp the extent and involvement of Eisenhower and Dulles, in the decision making.
Bowie and Immerman, who both came from highly sophisticated backgrounds, offered personal accounts on the making of the Cold War policy initially developed by the Truman administration NSC 68. Mr. Bowie an illustrious diplomat in the Truman and Eisenhower administration, had first-hand knowledge of the policy as it became part of the long term U.S. strategic plan. Likewise, Immerman who is a well known historian on the history of the war offers some remarkable perspectives on the major arguments during the planning stage between the various actors.
Both authors agree, that NSC 68 was a legacy of the Truman administration which was hailed as a major step in countering the aggressive Soviet expansion, and their subversive actions by undermining many of the newly free states after the collapse of colonization. Arguably, the “Truman Doctrine” ran into many debates, for there exist many actors in his administration and the congress who were willing to let Western Europe alone face the of might of Soviet aggression. For example, Bowi...
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...uld be given to him for setting the stage for a firm deterrence, and to Ronald Reagan, who outspent them forcing the collapse of the Soviet Empire.
Bowie and Immerman wrote a superb book with an enormous amount of facts to reinforce their arguments. Moreover, since Bowie was in the administration during the Eisenhower years, no one can challenge his level of expertise, and his skillful compiling of the facts. They skillfully chronicled the Cold War years, which leaves the reader, with a breath of information. This is undoubtedly, the most comprehensive book on the crisis, and the policies that were implemented, and the highest grades thus go to Bowie and Immerman for an outstanding piece of work. The only fault I find with the book was the lack of pictures of some of the key players, and declassified documents would have added realism and validity to the book.
The Cold War was a period of dark and melancholic times when the entire world lived in fear that the boiling pot may spill. The protectionist measures taken by Eisenhower kept the communists in check to suspend the progression of USSR’s radical ambitions and programs. From the suspenseful delirium from the Cold War, the United States often engaged in a dangerous policy of brinksmanship through the mid-1950s. Fortunately, these actions did not lead to a global nuclear disaster as both the US and USSR fully understood what the weapons of mass destruction were capable of.
Crockatt, Richard. The fifty years war : the United States and the Soviet Union in world politics, 1941-1991. London; New York; Routledge, 1995.
...“our technical superiority” to fend off further Soviet invasions; only negotiating with the Soviet Union when it agrees with the intentions of the United States and its allies; and, for President Harry Truman to support a massive build-up of both conventional and nuclear arms. NSC 68 wants to contain expansionism through a more aggressive military stance—be ready to stop it immediately. NSC 68 does not consider “behavior modification” just action.
‘The Sources of Soviet Conduct’ also known as the “X” article is an imperative document that are needed to understand United States foreign policy in the Cold War. Written by George F. Keenan, a U.S. diplomatic staff in the Soviet Union, the “X” article turned into an influential document after the U.S. realized that the Soviet Union would no longer be allies in peacetime and it was necessity to figure out the nature of the Soviet Union so the U.S. could form precise foreign policies to prevent Soviet threats. This paper attempts to assess the “X” article’s influence in U.S. foreign policy in the early days of the Cold War, especially its role in Truman’s doctrine.
Gaddis, John Lewis. We Now Know: Rethinking the Cold War: Dividing the World. New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 1997. Publishing.
He used his glasnost (openness to public debate) policy and perestroika. restructuring to help the Russian economy. Both leaders wanted a "margin of safety". Reagan took a tough stand. against Russia and its allies.
During the late 1940's and the 1950's, the Cold War became increasingly tense. Each side accused the other of wanting to rule the world (Walker 388). Each side believed its political and economic systems were better than the other's. Each strengthened its armed forces. Both sides viewed the Cold War as a dispute between right and wron...
Odd Arne Westad, Director of the Cold War Studies Centre at the London School of Economics and Political Science, explains how the Cold War “shaped the world we live in today — its politics, economics, and military affairs“ (Westad, The Global Cold War, 1). Furthermore, Westad continues, “ the globalization of the Cold War during the last century created foundations” for most of the historic conflicts we see today. The Cold War, asserts Westad, centers on how the Third World policies of the two twentieth-century superpowers — the United States and the Soviet Union — escalates to antipathy and conflict that in the end helped oust one world power while challenging the other. This supplies a universal understanding on the Cold War (Westad, The Global Cold War, 1). After World War II, the United States and the Soviet Union opposed each other over the expansion of their power.
...d War, but because he overstates his case so much, his argument is only able to take some of the blame off of Truman. When considering both articles at the same time, however, they provide valuable insight about answering the question. After reading both articles, the question that remains is “How much of the Cold War was Truman responsible for.”
New York: Oxford University Press, 2000. Gregory, Ross. A. Cold War America: 1946 to 1990. New York, NY: Facts on File, 2003. McQuaid, Kim.
Ronald Reagan came to the Presidency without any major political qualifications, but his victory in the Cold War was no lucky outcome. Dinesh D'Souza’s new book, Ronald Reagan: How an Ordinary Man Became an Extraordinary Leader, just published by the Free Press, looks at how Reagan helped end the Cold War. Ten years ago Ronald Reagan stood at the Brandenburg Gate and said, “General Secretary Gorbachev, if you seek peace, if you seek prosperity for the Soviet Union and East...
Hammond, Thomas, Editor. Witnesses to the Origins of the Cold War. University of Washington Press. Seattle, 1982.
Outline of Essay About the Origins of the Cold War OUTLINE: Introduction- 1. Definition of ‘Cold War’ and the Powers involved 2. Perceived definition of ‘start of Cold War’ 3. Iron Curtain Speech, Truman Doctrine and Berlin Blockade as significant events that caused strife between both powers, but which triggering off the start of the Cold War Body- 1. Iron Curtain Speech (1946) - A warning of Soviet influence beyond the acknowledged Eastern Europe - Churchill’s belief that the idea of a balance in power does not appeal to the Soviets - Wants Western democracies to stand together in prevention of further
The Cold War began in 1946, shortly after WWII, and ended more than four decades later in 1991. It began with the shifting struggle for power and prestige between the Western hemisphere and the Soviet Union. The U.S. and President Harry Truman fear of communist attack and the Soviet Union need for a secure western border led to America’s effort in providing economic stability and security to nations of the Western hemisphere. In addition, President Truman began his “Get Tough” policy that encouraged the development of nuclear weapons for America to be securely defensive and well armed. The document, “Secretary of Commerce Henry A. Wallace Questions the “Get Tough” Policy” written by Secretary Wallace described America’s actions, “the effort to secure air base spread over half the globe from which the other half of the globe can be bombed,” which he felt America during the Cold War went “far beyond the requirements of defense.”Although, President Truman was determined to resist aggression, moreover, stop the spread of communism and Soviet power, the document was written to make the public and particularly President Truman realize that he himself used aggressive diplomacy that failed to notice the Soviet Union purpose and policy, which if he did understood, might have made better approaches in achieving his goals.
The time period between 1945 and 1991 is considered to be the era of the Cold War. The Cold War, known as the conflict between the United States and the Soviet Union, each known during this time as the “super powers”. This conflict consisted of the differing attitudes on the ideological, political, and military interests of these two states and their allies, exte nded around the globe. A common political debate covers the issue of who, if anyone won the Cold War. Many believe the United States won the Cold War since (it) had resulted in the ultimate collapse of the Soviet Union. While others are to believe the United States had not won it as much as the Soviet Union had lost it since they feel Reagan did not end the Cold War, but that he prolonged it (Baylis & Smith, 2001.) This has lead me to believe that there is no winner, only losers of the cold war. The cold war for the Soviet Union was to ensure security, block out capitalism, gain power, and improve their economy. While, on the other hand the United States just wanted to stop the spread of communism, which they felt, would spread rapidly throughout the world if they did not put an end to it soon. Both the United States and the Soviet Union wanted to avoid WWIII in the process of trying to achieve their goals.