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Social theories of delinquency
Social theories of delinquency
Social theories of delinquency
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1.) In Richard J. Petts American Sociological Review he focuses on not one, but two very large institutions, family and religion. 2.) Being from the South, church is implemented into our minds almost as soon as we come out of the womb. Family is the main reason that we are the religion that we are. Personally, I am a Christian of the Baptist denomination, and a pastor at my church. I believe family is one of the main reasons I am religious today. Nobody has a greater influence on us than our families and my family has had one of the greatest religious influences on my life. In the article it talks about the impact that family has on religion, and my family has had a huge impact on my religion. 3.) The link to the article can be found at http://www.jstor.org/stable/27736073?Search=yes&resultItemClick=true&&searchUri=%2Faction%2FdoAdvancedSearch%3Fc2%3DAND%26amp%3Bf5%3Dall%26amp%3Bla%3D%26amp%3Bwc%3Don%26amp%3Bf6%3Dall%26amp%3Bq5%3D%26amp%3Bq1%3Dreligion%2B%26amp%3Bc4%3DAND%26amp%3Bf4%3Dall%26amp%3Bq0%3DFamily%26amp%3Bc6%3DAND%26amp%3Bacc%3Don%26amp%3Bf2%3Dall%26amp%3Bc1%3DAND%26amp%3Bq3%3D%26amp%3Bf3%3Dall%26amp%3Bc3%3DAND%26amp%3Bq6%3D%26amp%3Bf1%3Dall%26amp%3Bed%3D2015%26amp%3Bf0%3Dall%26amp%3Bpt%3D%26amp%3Bgroup%3Dnone%26amp%3Bisbn%3D%26amp%3Bdc.sociology-discipline%3Don%26amp%3Bsd%3D2008%26amp%3Bc5%3DAND%26amp%3Bq4%3D%26amp%3Bq2%3D&seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents. …show more content…
"Family and Religious Characteristics ' Influence on Delinquency Trajectories from Adolescence to Young Adulthood." American Sociological Review 74.3 (2009): 465-83. Print. 5.) One main thing I saw that was being tested was Religion inside the family. Basically Mr. Petts talks about how much of an impact that religion has on the families and their impacts on delinquency trajectories. For example, Petts states on page 467 that “religious institutions impose social control on youth by providing with a set of rules and guidelines to follow that draw them closer to other members of the religious community.” So to me what is being questioned is, if a family is not in a religious setting, how does that impact the youth in that family? 6.) The functions most affected by the discussion are clearly Family and Religion. Petts talks about how they really affect each other. If a family has strict religious beliefs then they are assumed to have very good social structure, which would lead to less delinquent behaviors in the youth. It all comes back to the parents and how they act and raise their kids. You can be non-religious and still have a family that has good social structure and not be delinquents. Mainly, he discusses the impact religion has on youth and
Church, W. T., Wharton, T., & Taylor, J. K. (2008). An examination of differential association and social control theory: Family systems and delinquency. Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice, 7(1), 3-15.
Purposes: This study intends to use the perspective of three criminal theories: Social disorganization, Differential association and labeling theory to understand and eventually address the issues surrounding education, socioeconomic status and social dilemmas in respect to incarceration amongst juveniles. Specifically, the study intends to answer the following research questions: Does education, socioeconomic status and social dilemmas affect incarceration among Juveniles in America? How can education, socioeconomic status and social problems decrease the rate of incarceration among Juveniles in America? What are some environmental factors that predetermine criminal outcome amongst juveniles? Many questions, theories and researcher are generated in order to tackle an issue of this magnitude. The raw data that one uses to conceptualize may prevent a strong conviction when presenting this type of data amongst a broad spectrum. The intentions of ones study should solely focus on the prevention process rather than just presenting factual material to its audience. Stereotypes, pigeonholes and over-generalizations should be address. Misrepresentation amongst the minority group tends to produce a more compelling statistic. "Adult offenders often begin their criminal careers as children with little hope and little help" (Comey, 2005, p. 12) This research will try and find pre-indicators that will help solve the juvenile delinquency rate.
There are many individual-level variables that can explain why juveniles become involved in delinquent acts. One important variable that plays a major role in this is the major affect that family context has on the role of child development. More specifically, the idea of child abuse comes into play that has always been researched and focused on as a major part as to why some juveniles become involved in delinquent acts. Child abuse involves important family characteristics that affect the growth of a child and will ultimately damage them both physically and mentally. If a child is damaged at a young age, then they way they think and perceive the world changes, especially if help is not given to them in their time of need. Child abuse is a serious issue and is a major point that affects juvenile delinquency and the role they play in society, meaning if they have a positive, or negative role and the way they will live their life.
When the social, educational, financial and health needs of a person are not satisfied through the family then they may be inclined towards criminal activities. There are some other family related factors that affect the behavior of children and they might go for criminal activities. Some of these factors include adaptation of bad parenting practices and styles, neglecting the child, child abuse and trend of criminal behavior in the family which is then learned by the child. It also includes a family history with mental illness, teenage pregnancy, substance use, school dropout and interpersonal conflicts among the family members (Cassel & Bernstein, 2007).
Sampson and Laub believed that social control, repetitive activities, and human association, all directly and indirectly affect courses of crime across your whole life course (Seigel, 2011). Our text defines Age-Graded Theory as the casual association between early adult delinquent offending and later adult behavior involves the quality of relationships encountered at different times in human development (Seigel, 2011). During adolescent, social bonds to family, peers, and school are very important because it gives the youth structure. If theses social bonds or ties are broken, then it can lead the youth to crime and other forms of deviant behavior. Because of life changes and the subsequent alterations of developmental trajectories, the Age-Graded Theory of social control offers the possibility for both continuity and change in criminal behavior (D’Unger, et. al.,
There are many social institutions that have major impacts on society. One of the trickiest social institutions would have to be, religion. Religion seems to have a huge impact on a society even if it’s directly or indirectly. Why is that? Do we need it? Does it let us live a more fulfilled life? What effects does it have on society? Is it necessary for a functioning society? According to Dalton Conley (2013:611) sociology defines religion as being a unified system of beliefs traditions, and practices around sacred things; a set of shared “stories” that guide belief and action. Religion is a way for people to make sense of the world, it keeps society in line with expected behaviors. Without religion people would subside to create their own rules and would deem to follow a path that could harm a society and come to an end. Religion is necessary for a society to function, prosper, and for someone to learn how to be a well moral contributor to society.
Richardson, R. W. (2005). Bowen Family Systems Theory and congregational life. Review & Expositor, 102(3), 379-402.
Myers, Scott M. The Pennsylvania State University. (1980 & 1992). “AN INTERACTIVE MODEL OF RELIGIOSITY INHERITANCE: THE IMPORTANCE OF FAMILY CONTEXT.” http://www.psychology.hku.hk/ftbcstudies/church/images/docs/Myers_1996.pdf
The theory also accounts for crime and delinquency in adolescence. Sampson and Laub (2001) differentiated the life course of individuals based on age and argued that the important formal and informal social controls that would restrict deviant behavior varied across the life span. In childhood and adolescence, the dominant sources of informal social controls consisted mainly of parenting styles, such as discipline, supervision, emotional attachment, and on school attachment and peers. As such, when the bonds to these processes weakened, adolescents were more likely to commit deviant acts that extends throughout the life course of the individual (Piquero et al., 2001).
...ive relationship when observing bullying and crime rates. Secondly, it was astounding to see the impact on students who did not have a good family structure and did not feel loved or cared for by both parents and the teachers. Not only did this contribute to issues of self harm, but also bullying and suicidal thoughts. Additionally this also contributed to youth having a low self control which leads to an array of delinquency.
“Crevecoeur explained the tragedy it would be for two individuals with different religions to start a family and created generations upon generations of confusion”. Each family in early America marrying based on common religious beliefs, and teachings their children in the way of their beliefs, would create a stable home for children to grow in. In today’s Christian church this is a value we hold true to well. Setting genuine religious values and morals are very important in today’s world. Whether you choose to practice that religion or not, the core values that are indebted in you from your childhood follow you into adulthood. Having pure religious principles promotes a balanced and well-functioning home. “Thus religious indifference is imperceptibly disseminated from one end of the continent to the other; which is at present one of the strongest characteristics of the Americans”. With core religious values or even a lack thereof, families will be able to create a solid foundation of morals and values to be built
There is little debate about the importance of family structure and parental guidance in raising a child. The family is a child’s initial means of learning and socialization. Research has found correlations between poor family structures and juvenile delinquency. There has been, however, some debate about the significance of these relationships. There are many factors of the home that may influence delinquent behaviors such as broken homes due to divorce or death of a parent, parental supervision and discipline, and parental characteristics that may influence deviant behavior in their children. Researchers continue to examine the relationship between juvenile delinquents and their families by means of social control theory.
Families serve as one of the strongest socializing forces in a person's life. They help teach children to control unacceptable behavior, to delay gratification, and to respect the rights of others. Conversely, families can also teach children aggressive, antisocial, and violent behavior. In adults' lives, family responsibilities may provide an important stabilizing force. Given these possibilities, family life may directly contribute to the development of delinquent and criminal tendencies. Parental conflict and child abuse correlate with delinquency. Though not all children who grow up in conflictive or violent homes become delinquent, however, being exposed to conflict and violence appears to increase the risk of delinquency. At this point, researchers have not pin pointed what factors exactly push some at-risk youth into delinquency. A child with criminal parents faces a greater likelihood of becoming a delinquent than children with law-abiding parents. However, the influence appears not to be directly related to criminality but possibly to poor supervision.
Sociologists look at society from either a macro or micro view and the theories that define their work are based on those perspectives. There are several family theories that we learned about this semester. Briefly, Structural-Functionalism and Conflict Theory are “macro” theories in sociology. Structural-Functionalism sees society as a living machine made up of different parts which work together for the good of society. Individuals, as well as Institutions work together, and the family is the key to the well-functioning machine. Emile Durkheim, considered the Father of Sociology argues social solidarity, where people do the right thing, create harmony and have shared values. According to Durkheim the nuclear family is the only type of institution that can achieve that. Conflict Theory sees society as a pyramid with those at the top having more power and influence than those at the bottom. Males in society have more power than females. There is a power imbalance, which could lead to oppression o...
Koziey, P. W. & Davies, L. (1982). Broken homes: impact on adolescents. The Alberta Journal of Educational Research, 28 (2), 95-99. Maccoby, E. E. (2000). Parenting and its Effects on Children: On Reading and Misreading Behavior Genetics. 51(10), 1-27. doi:10.1146/annualrev.psych.51.1.1 Popenoe, D. (1995). The American family crisis. National Forum, 75 (3), 15-20. Price, C., & Kunz, J. (2003). Rethinking the paradigm of juvenile delinquency as related to divorce. Journal of divorce and remarriage, 109-133. References Apel, R., & Kaukinen, C. (2008). On the relationship between family structure and antisocial behavior: Parental cohabitation and blended households. Criminology, 46, 35-70. Burt, S., Barnes, A., McGue, M., & Lacono, W. (2008). Parental divorce and adolescent delinquency: Ruling out the impact of common genes. Developmental Psychology, 1668-1677. Comanor, W., & Phillips, L. (2002 ). The impact of income and family structure on delinquency. Journal of applied economics, 209-232. Demuth, S., & Brown, S. (2004). Family structure, family processes, and adolescent delinquency: The significance of parental absence versus parental gender. Journal of research in crime and delinquency, 5, 209-232. Guo, G., Roettger, M., &