Rhodesia

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Rhodesia

A synopsis of a case-study of Southern Rhodesia's move to become Zimbabwe can provide a knowledge of certain

conflict resolution strategies. The British began settling Southern Rhodesia in 1890. The first movement to rename this

area came in 1895 when that land was taken by the British colonists and renamed Rhodesia, after Rhodes, one of the

British leaders in the early settlement who had died about that time. Between 1895, when Machonoland became

Rhodesia, and 1934, very little conflict surfaced even with the escalating domination and oppression of the blacks by

the white empire. In 1934 the first African National Council organized and began holding strikes protesting white

power. The strikes were very poorly organized and the white control so massive the strikes quickly subsided, having

gained nothing.

The conflict remained repressed--and stable--until 1946. Another power imbalance occurred when a new wave of

settlers came from the British empire and Europe, after World War II, thereby increasing the number of white

Europeans in Rhodesia. The result, from 1946 to 1955, was intensified white oppression.

In 1955 there was a new attempt to organize the blacks under the African National Youth League. This group, with

Josh Nucomo as leader, staged some bus boycotts similar to the strikes held by the ANC in 1934. In 1957 Nucomo

tried to merge the National Youth League with the ANC, but as soon as an opposition party was formed, the

leadership was imprisoned and the whole movement outlawed. This temporarily halted resistance efforts. No one was

able to continue the move against the oppression. This pattern was repeated in 1960 with the formation of the

National Democratic Party (NDP). As soon as the N...

... middle of paper ...

...nity was a prerequisite for equality, which was a prerequisite for successful mediation of the political conflict.

The whites participated in the mediation mainly out of economic concern. They saw that they couldn't continue in their

oppressive, hostile manner forever, and that they needed to preserve their capital concerns. So, in order to preserve

economic stability, they consented to majority rule, therefore allowing blacks to rule governmentally, while keeping

economic control. This agreement was accomplished, to the satisfaction of both sides, using a combination of black

and white mediators working from different non-neutral positions with different non-neutral vested interests. Though

this differs considerably from the standard approach to mediation, it did successfully bring about the transition from a

white-ruled Rhodesia to a black-ruled Zimbabwe.

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