Largely due to the Great Famine, Ireland experienced a significant loss of culture—due to the millions of death and emigrants. For the first half of the twenty-first century, traditional Irish folk music and dance struggled. Without anyone to pass on the knowledge and enthusiasm for Irish song, people quickly lost interest in the Celtic heritage. Practically the only help the folk culture received was anything played in the United States and secretly in homes in Ireland. Irish Musicians kept their hobby a secret in fear of community ridicule and rejection. They mainly played in homes and pubs in the countryside, and primarily for dancing. Not until the mid-1900s did a revival suddenly begin. During the revival, not only can one see Irish music becoming popular again, but its continual evolvement as well. Many events and people contributed to the sudden love for folk music again, but only a few can be pinpointed to have directly touched the rebirth: the Comhaltas Ceoltoiri Eireann, Sean O’Riada, and the music’s rise to popularity in the United States.
In January 1951, a group of people from the Thomas Street Pipers’ Club and music enthusiasts from County Westmeath met in Mullingar. The two ideas discussed were already ideals both groups had talked of with one another. The collective agreed to find an organization whose main purpose is promoting traditional Irish music and agreed the organization should host an annual festival to celebrate Irish music, song, and dance (Comhaltas: History).
A month later, the group met again and decided a Fleadh Cheoil was to be held once a year, with the first in May 1951 over the Whit weekend. The Fleadh Cheoil aim was to promote traditional music and to stop its decline in popularity. The first Fl...
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In this essay, the author
Explains that irish folk music and dance struggled in the first half of the 20th century due to the great famine. they kept their hobby a secret in fear of ridicule and rejection.
Describes how a group of people from the thomas street pipers’ club and music enthusiasts from county westmeath met in mullingar in 1951. the collective agreed to find an organization whose main purpose is promoting traditional irish music.
Explains that the fleadh cheoil was to promote traditional music and stop its decline in popularity. it became a national festival with musicians, singers, and dancers from ireland and overseas.
Explains that the cumann ceoltoiri na eireann was formed on 14 october 1951. the group changed its name to comhaltas
Explains that the cce (irish folk revival) strives to keep the tradition of irish folk music alive by idealizing the standards of music, song, and dance.
Explains how the cce began international concert tours in 1972, and released publications and recordings. the change in attitude helped shift ireland's international image and tourism promoted the music heavily.
Describes the cce as a cultural movement concerned with the promotion and preservation of the music, dance, and language of ireland.
Explains that sean o'riada was an irish man of many grand irish accomplishments. he was involved in the cce, formed one of the most famous irish bands and transformed how people played irish songs.
Explains that paddy moloney from the cce found the chieftains in 1963. the group was an instant success with their music weaving a spell around audiences in ireland and the uk.
Describes how the chieftains began performing in the us with the help of a young irish-american generation made of folk music fanatics wanting more than songs about the "troubles." the tunes "women of ireland" were an instant success and were heard on top 40 stations throughout the nation.
Explains that o'riada left the group after only a few years, and then passed away in 1971, leaving no option for his return.
Explains that after o'riada and the chieftains, there were more irish bands that put irish music on the map. between the clancy brothers and the dubliners, the us was about to be hit with a tidal wave of entertaining and successful irish artists.
Narrates how three clancy brothers and their friend tommy maken moved to new york city to pursue careers in acting. the group became popular around greenwich village for their folk performances.
Analyzes how the clancy brothers and tommy maken deviated from irish songs from the first-half of the twentieth century. they infused their irish roots with american folk.
Opines that the brothers and maken's performance abilities attracted the crowds and inspired future irish song writers and singers.
Explains that the clancy brothers and tommy maken were instrumental in jumping-starting the folk revival in the 1950s and 1960s. without the support and fan base from a nation of major hollywood successes, the band may not have become as world-renowned today.
Narrates how the dubliners started off in o'donoghue's pub in dublin in 1962 as "the ronnie drew folk group". they played in the 1963 edinburgh festival, where they met the head of transatlantic records, who immediately wanted to sign them.
Narrates how the dubliners picked up where they left off in the 1960s—partying, playing, drinking, and touring. bourke collapsed on stage from a brain hemorrhage in 1974, which led to his death.
Narrates how 1987 became the best and busiest year for the dubliners, with their hit single "the irish rover". then dublin celebrated its millennium in 1988, putting even more spotlight on the group.
Opines that the cce, o'riada, the clancy brothers, and the dubliners gave the irish revival the proper jumpstart it needed.
Narrates how the clancy brothers and tommy makem influenced bob dylan.
Explains that the irish folk revival was published in arts of ireland - music, dcu, dublin, 14 oct. 2013.
William V. Shannon "The American Irish", The Macmillian Co. , N.Y 1964 , Page 131-151
In this essay, the author
Explains that their essay is about a nation of immigrants in the united states. they know about asian immigration, but didn't know much about europe immigration.
Explains that immigrants came to europe because europe was running out of room. they were displaced and footloose in their homelands before they felt the american magnet.
Analyzes william v. shannon's "the american irish", the macmillian co., n.y.
Describes the provisions of the immigration in the national interest act of 1995.
Explains that america beckoned most strongly to the struggling masses of europe, and the majority of immigrants headed for the "land of freedom and opportunity".
Explains that the germanic colonizers of america's heartland formed religious communities, none more distinctive than the amish settlements in pennsylvania, indiana, and ohio.
Diera had been born into the Irish Travelers community. They traveled from town to town selling the tools they made and busking for their livelihood. As a child, music filled Diera with passion, and that passion grew with her. Her parents watched joyfully to see Diera dance to jigs and hornpipes, humming softly to the fiddle and harp. They were not wealthy, but they could afford to let Diera learn to strum the harp.
In this essay, the author
Explains that diera was born into the irish travelers community, who traveled from town to town selling tools and busking for their livelihood.
Explains that diera chose penlin, the great harper and fiddler, as her instructor.
Analyzes how dara's music was like the babbling brooks of ireland. the songs swelled into sweet stories, telling the tale of ladies fair and knights gallant.
Narrates how diera's travels were blissful until a young boy came running to her, panting, "penlin, he isn't well. he wants you to come."
Analyzes how the harp found diera, for she didn't find it.
Narrates how diera traveled less with penlin gone. music still flowed from her fingers, but now she had new wishes. she heard of a lovely fishing village called fanore.
Describes how diera was greeted by the sound of crashing waves and squawking seagulls, who seemed to welcome her to their quaint way of life.
Narrates how diera secured a job playing at the rose and crown, and the villagers, though cool at first to the odd outsider, learned to love the passionate girl. she married aidan, whose lively hammer had so enchanted her upon her arrival.
Analyzes how diera lived happily and had a daughter, gwilan, who took to music like young seagulls take to the sky.
Analyzes how gwilan and aidan stayed with diera for hours, taking her out to gaze at the ocean and sky she once loved, but her eyes did not see beauty, nor did her ears hear the music
Narrates how diera took a harp, the same that penlin had given her, and to gwilan she gave it. it traveled for years, bringing joy to all who heard its songs.
Foster, R.F.,ed. The Oxford Illustrated History of Ireland. Oxford University Press: Oxford, New York, 1989.
In this essay, the author
Explains that the blight caused the great famine of 1845, when a deadly fungus reached the crops, leaving thousands of acres of land filled with black rot and diseased crops
Explains that potatoes became a major food source for the poor because they were low in cost. when potatoes were scarce, the price of the potatoes increased greatly.
Explains that poverty was a major issue in ireland before the famine. the high population of peasants was the main cause of dependency toward potatoes.
Explains that thomas malthus predicted that the population would grow faster than the food supplies, and possibly cause a famine.
Explains that the british owned ireland since 1801, but did not help ireland during the famine. they were not affected because they were the wealthiest country in the world.
Analyzes how the british government blamed ireland for the potato famine, saying that the irish justified their country’s weakness because they were under english rule.
Explains that the famine resulted in thousands of deaths due to sickness and disease, such as cholera and typhus. the peasants struggled for survival and were evicted from their homes.
Explains that the population of ireland dropped to five million at the aftermath of the great famine. the population dropped because of emigration and death.
Describes the works of marjie balloy and robert kee. the oxford illustrated history of ireland.
Hoobler, Dorothy and Thomas. The Irish American Family Album. New York, NY. Oxford University press. 1995
In this essay, the author
Explains that irish immigration escalated after the civil war was over. they had many advantages over other immigrants, such as being able to speak english and not suffer cultural shock.
Explains that boston and new york were hot spots for irish communities because the irish arrived as peasants and did not have any money to go anywhere else.
Explains that the irish were regarded as inferior because of their lack of skilled laborers. the men went into construction gangs, while the women predominate in textile mills.
Explains that the church was the center of social functions and served informal measures like meals and holiday traditions to preserve and transmit the irish culture.
Opines that glazer, nathan, beyond the melting pot, boston, ma, the m.i.t. and harvard university press.
Explains hoobler, dorothy, and thomas. the irish american family album. new york, ny. oxford university press.
States that o'connor, thomas h., the boston irish: a political history. boston, ma. northeastern university press, 1995.
Explains that boston's irish immigrant population was one of poverty and discrimination. the religiously centered culture of the irish allowed them to prosper and persevere through times of injustice.
Analyzes how the irish lived in 'flimsy shanties' in conditions that endangered the health and well-being of heir families.
Analyzes how anti-irish hatred in america came from fears that an irish catholic conspiracy would take over the country.
Explains that the bostonian culture was shaped by the irish church and family.
Harris, Shell. "Top 10 Irish Myths and Legends - Toptenz.net." Toptenz.net. N.p., 17 Mar. 2011.
In this essay, the author
Explains that the celtics have an interesting religion in many ways, like their history, mythology, and culture, which can frighten or delight any group that takes a chance and learn about them.
Explains that the celtic religion is a minor part of the nations of scotland, ireland, wales, brittany, and cornwall. the earliest archaeological culture is the proto-celtic in the late bronze age urnfield culture of central europe.
Explains that the mythology of the celtic religion is interesting due to the variety between the stories as time progresses.
Explains that the changeling was happy when misfortune or grief happened in the house. the pookas created havoc in rural ireland and the seaboard.
Explains that the celtic culture is awesome did you know they built the stonehenge.
Explains that the celts prepared their meat by roasting or stewing, and the inspiration for cauldrons of meat came from the greek trading colonies on the french mediterranean coasts.
Explains that the celtic world is full of history, mythology, and culture that all combine to form the religion they came here to talk about today.
Opines that fairy tales are not for kids is a children's book by jessica seamans.
Explains harris, shell, top 10 irish myths and legends - toptenz.net.
Tick, Judith, and Paul E. Beaudoin. Music in the USA: a Documentary Companion. Oxford: Oxford UP, 2008. Print.
In this essay, the author
Explains that steve reich, along with young, riley, and glass, is a lofty name in the formation of american minimalistic music.
Explains reich's first major breakthrough as a composer was by accident when he was experimenting with tape loops of spoken dialogue.
Analyzes how reich turns his attention to works for larger ensembles. the desert music is scored for a 27-member chorus, woodwinds and brass, an expansive percussion section, two pianos for four hands, and strings.
Analyzes how the piece contains an underlying political message concerning atomic warfare, hinted at gently by the set text (fisher). this is a return to an early trait of reich’s tape phase music, particularly his compositions
Analyzes how reich's rapid changing of meter throughout the work, especially noticeable in the middle section of the third movement, is a trait central to his music.
Analyzes how reich's structure is in a rigid arch shape, reflecting the palindrome-like nature of the poet’s name.
Analyzes how reich relies on canons as a form of repetition throughout his work. the composer applied his phasing techniques to instrumental music, notably piano phase and violin phase.
Analyzes reich's influence on contemporary music in america. his style is uniquely his own, allowing compositions to unfold on their own and packing a political message into music.
Describes the works cited by brooklyn philharmonic, michael tilson thomas, nonesuch, and sarah l. fisher, "the mind is listening" in steve reich's the desert music.
Explains mertens, wim. american minimal music: la monte young, terry riley, steve reich, philip glass.
Charles Ives is known in our day as the “Father of American Music,” but in his day, he was known just like everyone else- an ordinary man living his life. He was born in Danbury, Connecticut on October 20, 1894 (Stanley 1) to his mother, Sarah Hotchkiss Wilcox Ives and father, George White Ives (A Life With Music, Swafford 4). His father was renowned for being the Union’s youngest bandmaster and having the best band in the Army (The Man His Life, Swafford 1). Little Charles was influenced early in his life by his father who had libertarian ideas about music (Stanley 1). Although Danbury prided itself as “the most musical town in Connecticut”, the people did not give the musical profession respect or understanding (The Man His Life, Swafford 1). One day, his father commented on a stonemason’s off-key singing by saying, “Look into his face and hear the music of the ages. Do not pay too much attention to the sounds—for if you do you may miss the music. You won’t get a wild, heroic ride to heaven on pretty little sounds” (The Man His Life, Swafford 2). Thus was young Charles’ introduction to music.
In this essay, the author
Explains that charles ives was born in danbury, connecticut on october 20, 1894, to his mother, sarah hotchkiss wilcox, and father, george white. his father was the union’s youngest bandmaster and had the best band in the army.
Analyzes how george ives taught his son to respect the strength of vernacular music. charles began composing at the age of thirteen and became the youngest salaried church organist in connecticut.
Analyzes how charles returned to his first love and broadened his schedule to compose for church, composing for his father's bands, and writing studies in polychords and polytonality. ives unified the american people with the european classical forms and traditions.
Narrates how charles's dad died shortly after he started college, and "dasher" ives became one of the best-liked people on campus. he played intramural sports, played ragtime and his own pieces at parties, assigned works for classes and experiments.
Explains that ives had a breakdown, heart attack, depression, and met harmony twitchell, who was the daughter of the hartford minister. he and his work were crippled for the rest of his life.
Explains that ives held organist/choirmaster positions in two established churches, played recitals, and composed the church cantata the celestial country, melodic and basically victorian.
Explains that ives started with insurance when he was fresh out of yale and began earning fifteen dollars a week. charles soon became known in the industry for taking on the insurance business.
Behold the wonder of an Irish Christmas, full of the joy, hope and magic the season is known for. Enjoy an evening of storytelling, song and dance that sparkles with life and the inviting sounds of pipes, fiddles, flutes and drums.
In this essay, the author
Describes the wonder of an irish christmas, full of joy, hope, and magic. enjoy an evening of storytelling, song, dance and the inviting sounds of pipes, fiddles, flutes and drums.
Describes the earliest of irish traditions with breathtaking step dancing and more. kevin horton of riverdance and the timeless melodies of ancient irish hymns and carols bring you an unforgettable christmas experience straight from the emerald isle.
Brian O Conchubhair, ‘The GAA and the Irish Language’ in The Gaelic Athletic Ascociation 1884-2009, ed. Mike Cronin, William Murphy and Paul Rouse (Dublin, 2009)
In this essay, the author
Explains that irishness is defined in the merriam-webster dictionary as 'the fact or quality of being irish', which can be defined by many elements of the way in which we live.
Explains that many attempts have been made to repress irishness and the irish spirit, including the penal laws which were applied to the catholics of ireland in the 1690s.
Explains that the penal laws on the irish people were put into place by the protestant parliament in england with a view to depriving them of their catholic faith and ways of life.
Explains how the english government stripped irish catholics of their land rights by outlawing the irish language, catholic religion, and creating their own protestant ireland.
Explains that the gaa was formed in 1884 to promote irishness and prevent young irish men from becoming ‘west britons’.
Analyzes brian o conchubhair's the gaelic athletic ascociation 1884-2009, ed. mike cronin, william murphy, and paul rouse.
Analyzes patrick brantlinger’s ‘the famine’ in victorian culture and litrature, vol 32, no. 1, (2003).
Analyzes how the great famine killed millions and destroyed a country through starvation and disease.
Opines that the gaa facilitates and promotes trans-generational transition in gaeltacht areas and is key to successful future language maintenance.
“A nation’s culture resides in the hearts and in the soul of its people” (Ghandi, 2017). What defines a nations culture? “Culture is the characteristics and knowledge of a particular group of people, encompassing language, religion, cuisine, social habits, music and arts” (Zimmerman, 2017). For many years culture has been passed down from generation to generation, creating patterns of life that people around the world follow today. While there are many characteristics the five that stick out to me are religion, cuisine, music, arts and social habits. The culture of Ireland has had many influenced, whether it is from their ancient Celtic traditions or from outside influence like Great Britain, most of which results in a character unlike any
In this essay, the author
Explains that culture is the characteristics and knowledge of a particular group of people, encompassing language, religion, cuisine, social habits, music and arts. ireland is one of the richest countries in terms of cultural prominence.
Explains that ireland is a country of all different shapes and sizes of terrain. it is home to various mountain ranges, green meadows and multiple running channels.
Explains that ireland has a mixed economy and is full of rich soil and an abundance of farmland.
Explains that the irish volunteers, glaigh na héireann, were founded on 25 november 1913 at a public meeting in the rotunda rink in dublin.
Compares the irish people to any other country in the world. they are friendly, hard-working, and have pride in their country.