Introduction
In this article, Shields, T. J., Silocock, W.G, & Donegan, A. H (1990) towards the development of fire safety systems evaluation for public assembly with regards to the delphi technique. According to the Delphi technique, introducing the analytical hierarchal process was a major breakthrough in the fire safety world especially in evaluating its schemes. After its proper investigation it was keenly noted that the analytical hierarchal process (AHP) was a tool that was of for fire safety in buildings which seemed effective any general fire safety. The implementation of several levels acceptable on fire safety was very important especially when designing, constructing or maintaining safety procedures in buildings which were being used (Shields, Silocock & Donegan, 1990).The Delphi technique which incorporated the analytical hierarchal process (AHP) simply entailed the structuring of a given group of body into different hierarchical levels that allowed the whole system to deal with a complicated problem like fire safety mainly on buildings among other places. This idea seemed to be very effective (Shields, Silocock & Donegan, 1990).
Statement
According to the Delphi technique it was important to introduce a methodology that was cost effective for all the fire safety packages to be utilized maximally. An evaluation scheme for the patients in hospitals was also developed using this technique and the dwelling places of others had to have safety evaluation point’s schemes on fire safety. According to Dalkey, some features on this technique were very essential. These features included anonymity which entailed usage of different forms of communicating channels hence reducing the effect of dominance in a given society. Also a controlled feedback of results from a previous exercise taken on fire safety being communicated to the participants was note to positively affect fire safety management. Also opinions of all the group members being fully taken into account was also important factor in fire safety management according to Dalkey’s features in the Delphi technique. All these were noted to positively but did not make up a good fire safety handling approach for any organization.
A good example is that of Stephens approach in his book System Safety for the 21st century. The hierarchical break down was important according to his procedures, for any safety management in any safety analyzed environment or organization. According to his book, the whole system of safety incorporates the people, plant & hardware and procedures. This was a better approach as all the sectors were considered and not buildings alone.
The Armenian genocide ruins Vahan Kenderian’s picture-perfect life. Vahan is the son of the richest Armenian in Turkey and before the war begins, he always has food in his belly and a roof over his head in the book Forgotten Fire by Adam Bagdasarian. Life is absolutely quintessential for Vahan, until the war starts in 1915, when he endures many deaths of his family, losses of his friends, and frightening experiences in a short amount of time. He is a prisoner of war early in the book and is starved for days. As he goes through life, he is very unlucky and experiences other deaths, not just the deaths of his family. Vahan ultimately becomes the man his family would want him to be.
The first human factors problem I identify is the sparking electric night-light. It is the cause of the fire and thus it is definitely had the design problem from the aspect of human factor. Next is the design of installation of steel security bars at each and every window. Although the design of the steel security bars is to protect the residents of the house, it has a fatal disadvantage which is limited the escape action of the residents. The case study proposed a solution to it which is panic hardware. However, the house only installed one set of panic hardware and this indicated another human factor problem that occurred in setting up the security system of the house. Moreover, the one and only set of panic hardware in the house was required to be stomp harder for activation. This reflected poor human factor design of the panic hardware.
The first step of a comprehensive incendiary investigation is fire scene investigation. In the Tight Shoe Inc. report this is shown in the background information, property description, type of incident, fire cause, incendiary device description, evidence, photographs, property, and documentary evidence. This step reflects the work done and collected at the fire scene. The next step is assessment of investigative needs which is shown in the Tight Shoe Inc. report under motive and interviewing firefighters and other first responders. This step is usually done on the scene of the fire or right after. The following step is formulation and evaluation of a strategy which is shown in the Tight Shoe Inc. report under prosecution reports, obtaining search warrants and arson laboratory report. The next step of implementation of strategic plan is shown under insurance and potential criminal violations. The final step of the process is presentation of formal investigation is shown under summation of the investigation.
To analyze the city’s fire protection the ISO uses a grading system with a 100-point scale. The better grade the community receives the better off the community is in receiving lower insurance rates. The best grade possible is a class 1 which is 90.00 points or more on the grading scale. The next best grade is a class 2 with 80.00-89.99 points, then class 3 with 70-79.99, and on down to a class 10 with 0.00-9.99.
Catching Fire: How Coooking Made us Human by Richard Wrangham is a fresh perspective on the evolution of humankind. Wrangham has made a concentrated effort to prove that humans have evolved particular adaptations, like bipedalism, due to the introduction of cooked foods into their diet. In his book, he is legitimately arguing that humans are the way they are because early on in human evolution, early man discovered fire, discovered the joys of cooked foods, and developed all sorts of fascinating traits still being utilized today.
Fire safety education is a crucial aspect of fire prevention. The general public needs to know how big of a threat fire is to them and how they can do things in their everyday lives to improve their safety, as well as preventing the threat of fire to begin with. The commission also realized that it was critically important that people know how to properly act once a fire has started. It is important that people have the knowledge to act quickly, safely, and effectively. When people don’t understand fire they can react in many negative ways such as panicking, not evacuating effectively, or by trying to fight a fire that they are not going to be able to extinguish. All these human reactions can decrease safety and end with tragic results. In the commission’s report they approximate that nearly 70 percent of all building fires were due to people acting carelessly because they did not understand the fire dangers that were present. The commission cited studies like one conducted in southeast Missouri. In the southeast Missouri community, a huge emphasis was put into public fire safety education because the fire death rate of the community was much higher than the national average. After increasing fire safety education in the community it was no surprise that the rate of deaths and injuries decreased
Thousands of fires occur on a yearly basis throughout the United States. Whether it is forest fires, house fires, or any other event that involves uncontrollable flames, the outcome will always be the same; high amounts of destruction and physical damage. When fire emergencies occur, responding to the incident may not be much of a complication as apposed to determining the source from where the fire started or what triggered its behavior, which is truly the challenge. In order to do so, a fire investigator has to be present at the scene of the fire after it has been eliminated. The investigator, after reviewing any possible marks or behavior trails, will conclude if the incident was indeed an accident or intentional, thus making it an act of arson. According to the U.S. Fire Administration Topical Fire Research Series, “Arson is the leading cause of fires (267,000 annually) in the United States” (usfa.fema.gov). Arson cases are very complex due to the fact that it can be committed virtually anywhere and by anyone, including fire responders as well. The motives behind arson incidents can also be a very complex issue because it may have been used as a cry for help or simply as a mode of cognitive escape. Gathered reports indicate that the main reasons for arsons committed by firefighter personnel are to be viewed as a heroic figure, an escape from personal stress, financial gain purposes, excitement, or even revenge against the fire company and others.
This research topic is originated from my experience in working in the fire service since nineteen ninety seven. In the last sixteen years I have moved up the ranks from probationary fire fighter to fire lieutenant. I am currently hold the rank of fire lieutenant. This topic is very important to me because one day at work I can be the Incident Commander on a incident, to the o...
In the case, “Facing a Fire” prepared by Ann Buchholtz, there are several problems and issues to identify in determining if Herman Singer should rebuild the factory due to a fire or retire on his insurance proceeds. I believe that this case is about social reform and self-interest. I think that Singer needs to ask himself, what is in the firm’s best economic interests. There are several things to question within this case, what should Herman Singer do and why, should he rebuild the factory or begin retirement, if he rebuilds, should he relocate the firm to an area where wages are lower and what provisions, if any, should Singer make for his employees as well as for the community?
...tegrate security through concepts that are present in the specific environment. However, depending upon the environment, these efforts may not apply to each and every situation. Since we are reflecting upon the vulnerability of fire, arson, and bombings in a mall environment versus a church environment, the physical and interdepartmental dependency security efforts may have some similarities. However, the physical, interdepartmental, and personnel components line up more with the mall environment due to a social society. Therefore, creating a stable and predictable environment is based on objectives that follow through with the physical, personnel, information and interdepartmental dependency concept of the initial environment.
Authorities have attempted to implement codes or regulations, but that has proved to be very difficult tasks becasue there are many variables that effect the dynamic response of buildings. One way to try to avoid disaster is to evaluate seismic risk is to look at a buildings hazards, exposure, vulnerability, and location. Hazards are, for example, landslides ad soil type. Exposure is a building's occupancy and function. Vulnerability is the expected performance of a building's system, and location is how often earthquakes occur in the area. (Lagorio)
Creating the awareness among the students helps them on the various ways to avoid fires. If possible students are advised to ensure that all the fire alarms and extinguishers are in working conditions at all times. They should also be careful and alert when using any appliance that is likely to cause a fire and avoid using anything that is prohibited in the rooms.
Physical security cannot be wholly successful without the human factor element and the active support of these user groups. For example, when the aim is to protect a critical facility from attack or to provide access control for an office building it is necessary to engage people on the proper use of any security systems that are in place, for instance security alarms. If the alarm goes off and employees have no idea what it signifies
It is important that first responders to an incident continually assess the potential hazards and risks that firefighters may be exposed to. Firefighters that are the first to respond to an incident must evaluate the possible dangers to the well-being of fire suppression personnel and take appropriate action (IAFC, 2010). Any hazards that are identified must either be controlled or eliminated before proceeding. The case study presented depicts a scene of a fire in which there is suspicion of arson activity. It is important for first responders to know how to assess the scene, protect vital evidence and provide the necessary information to the fire investigator. This paper will discuss the various components of proper fire scene investigation etiquette.
Fire equipment has come a long way. Safety has become standardized which has helped reduce the health risks that are associated with fighting fires.