Retaining Tomorrow's Scientists
I chose to summarize the article "Retaining Tomorrow's Scientists". This article described a study done on differences between men and women enrolled in scientific curriculums in college. It looked at how individual characteristics, experiences, and goals affected a person's success rate in graduating. It also explained why women are not as successful as men in completing their science education.
For starters, the study showed that women don't seem to be as interested in math and science courses in school. Studies show that boys and girls show equal capabilities in these courses while in elementary school. Girls, however, don't show much interest in them. Therefore, they take less of these courses in junior and senior high school. This in turn leads to lower rates of women taking these classes at a college level. Because they don't have the basic knowledge of these subjects, they are reluctant to major in scientific areas.
Confidence also plays a major part in women choosing a major. By not taking these classes in high school, women feel that they aren't smart enough to select a scientific major. It was shown in this study that "Émath self-confidence is the most influential predictor of women's SAT scores, as well as of their decision to pursue math and science fields in college"(Sax, 46).
Another reason that women are reluctant is the so-called "glass ceiling." It has long been known that women earn less than men, and aren't promoted as quickly. This is true in the laboratory as well as the office.
Lastly, women are often forced to choose between the workplace and the home. Most scientific jobs demand long days and a lot of travel. Women realize this, and it interferes with their desire to have children and a home. Though men are also affected, it seems to be easier for men to make that choice.
As with any scientific study, there are uncontrollable variables. The variables involved in this study were separated into blocks. Individual characteristics were classified as "É race, citizenship, parents' education, family income, religion, SAT scores, high school academic information, high school activities, reasons for coming to college, degree aspirations, life goals, views, personality types, and expectations about college"( Sax, 49). The second set of characteristics dealt with students' intended majors. Since everyone's college experience is so different, scientists had to figure in environmental variables, also. These variables were also classified into blocks. The first dealt with financial aid and living arrangements.
Less and less girls are choosing career in STEM fields causing a growing gender gap as well as a decline in many STEM fields. Now one may wonder what is STEM? The acronym STEM stands for Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math. (Lawerence-Turner Jody, 1) There are many reasons that few
Mexico may never be able to take away the drug trade because they are much a poor country. People must chose between “silver and lead”, either making the money by selling drugs or taking a bullet to the head. Even with all the new police officers being hired, because of the previous corruption of authority, the government is trying to minimize the distribution and selling of illegal narcotics. They are still fighting to this day for a peaceful
Cosmetic Surgery is the procedure done to restore or improve one’s physical appearance. The use of surgery to have an actualization of a want tends to be unneeded since it is not in line with the purpose of reestablishing what was lost or damaged. Although cosmetic surgery intends to be used for restoration purposes, many people have abused it for the sake of vanity. Cosmetic surgery also has good and bad effects on the person in many different aspects.
Beauty is becoming a belief that every woman is worshiped. Moreover, aesthetic technologies are growing up. Everyone is chasing trends to get more beautiful and fashion despite knowing the dangers latent in it. People, who desired to become more beautiful such as enhance appearance, improve aesthetic appeal, symmetry, and proportion, come to the aesthetic methods which are considered cosmetic surgery. Because “Cosmetic surgery is practiced by doctors from a variety of medical fields, including plastic surgeons.” (Cosmetic Surgery Vs. Plastic Surgery), many people have misunderstanding about cosmetic surgery and plastic surgery are the same. Technically, “cosmetic surgery and plastic surgery are closely related specialties, but they are not the same.”
Most of us don't like some aspect of our appearance, whether it's sagging eyes or excess weight in particular areas, to name a few complaints. Lately a record numbers of Americans are doing something about it by having plastic surgery. Since 1995, the number of cosmetic procedures, which range from liposuction to facelifts, has almost tripled (English 23). Is that a healthy choice-or a dangerous trend? Aging has become the field of the future for plastic surgeons whose patients have reasons not always valid in the search for youth and beauty.
There has been a study assessing the career preference of men and women, the study found that men are more attracted towards masculine job while women show no preference. This study also shows that men are more sensitive to gender stereotyping (Barth & Guadagno & Rice & Eno & Minney, 2015). The results of this study supports that men experience heavier social pressure and expectations to conform to society’s standards of masculinity. In addition, Current outcomes of studies highlights the underrepresentation of women in the field of STEM. Interestingly, while many women show interest in this field, only few would consider pursuing this option (Beede et al. 2011). This may be caused by women’s tendency to prioritize factors such as marriage, family, and helping others in choosing a career option, as jobs in the field of STEM are less accommodating to employees that are family oriented (Ceci et al. 2009). Expected themes seem to manifest in these data. There is a trend showing that both men and women’s career choice are somehow influenced by gender expectations and roles.
to about 83 percent of high school graduates enroll in some form of postsecondary education, but only about 52 percent of students complete their degrees. Further, a very small proportion of students complete a degree in four years—“among students starting at ‘four-year’ institutions, only 34 percent finish a B.A. in four years, 64 percent within six years, and 69 percent within eight and a half years.” Colleges always want students to graduate and support their alma mater. However this begins with deciding what student are mentally readiness and determination for the task that lies ahead, college. In today’s society we struggle trying to find a proper definition for college readiness. This is the main reason statistics and graduation rates suffer in the way that they do. Just because a high school student reaches the age of 18, obtains a high school diploma, and has functional literacy, does that really make students college ready?
...hese days and is no longer accessible only to the rich and famous. Any person in the world can have the procedure they want done. Men, women and parents of small children are making the decision things about their bodies and looks each day. Plastic surgery can improve a person’s self esteem or can drastically change the life of a child or adult with deformities. No matter what the reason may be, plastic surgery is not something that is to be entered into lightly. It requires a long thought process, a search for a good and credible practitioner, support from loved ones, possible therapy and of course, a lot of money. The decision to undergo cosmetic or reconstructive surgery is intensely personal. People, for reasons as simple as a crooked nose, to the lessening of a serious scar, to those deformed by birth, accidents or injury have options available to them.
In conclusion in this paper I have contrasted the three theoretical perspectives that relate to plastic surgery. These are basic theories related to how society works. They are meant to draw attention to a particular phenomenon and make you really deeply about it. It also shows there are many ways to look at the phenomenon, because it focuses on more than one aspect.
In the creation of our beings, we are blessed, and sometimes cursed with features we, as freethinkers, might not otherwise have chosen for ourselves. Certain circumstances however, may arise on the journey known as life, forcing us to reconstruct these features in an effort to construct normal, healthy, lives. Often, we are compelled to reconstruct these features in an effort to enhance an otherwise normal, healthy life. For the individual unaware of the pros and cons, in regards to the acquisition of cosmetic surgery and reconstructive surgery; I produce this composition in an attempt to inform you, the reader; as well as to expand upon my limited knowledge of this field.
The female status is overall smaller than males in education institutions and workplace environments. This is a result of the stereotypes and gendered norms that are socially constructed. This paper will argue that although societies around the world continue to evolve and develop, the under representation of women in the various fields of science and engineering is becoming more of a controversial issue facing a variety of standpoints all around the world. This will be examined through the discussion on the challenges and reasons for underrepresentation. This paper will further explore the cross-cultural differences in the status of women emphasizing on how the status of women in science may vary from culture to culture due to their norms and values, along with how the social culture of mass media also has an impact. Finally, this paper will then demonstrate the steps that can be taken within any society in order to change and prevent the challenges that women are faced with in the fields of science and
Cosmetic Surgery has been around ever since the early wars to repair scars and injuries but, “today, cosmetic plastic surgeries outnumber reconstructive ones in many countries.” (Edmonds, 2012, p. 134). Cosmetic surgery continues to grow in popularity all around the world. It has now evolved to beautify an unattractive physical appearance. In 2013, Americans spent more than seven billion dollars on cosmetic surgery according to a website titled, Healthline. Cosmetic surgery may sound ideal to someone who is unhappy with a physical appearance but it can be very dangerous. According to “The Culture of Beauty”, “analysts agree that because
Advertisement for cosmetic surgery are everywhere from the front page on the magazine by the block to the television commercials. Surgery has been deeply impact to younger groups of kids. It has become at table discussion at dinner nowadays. A young girl got a nose job, rhinoplasty to make more symmetrical. She didn’t think she was ugly she just wanted her face to be proportional. The summer after school one of her friends got one. Girls at her praised her for her new nose. Everyone was so much impressed they booked an appointment for themselves. “ Magazine have pushed the envelope on what it means to be beautiful and surgery is a nowadays way to deal with body issues” Perloff para 12). Cosmetic surgery has become an epidemic (Fresh Faces para.22). There is nothing wrong getting a Botox, or breast augmentation but there are some dangerous procedures. Everyone has a heard at least one story of a cosmetic surgery fail. Recently Instagram has been flooded with the news of a girl, Sarah Tehar getting multiple of surgery to look like Angelina Jolie. Many can say it is an epic fail. She has went under the knife fifty times to like her idol , Angelina Jolie. Although gaining popularity on Instagram, she been nicknamed “zombie”. Cosmetic procedure are not a bad thing at all, the problem is use to boost self-esteem(Fresh
There was a time when the woman 's expected role was based on staying at home. Now there are many more working mothers. This has caused changes in many attitudes. Those that
Women have had quite a few hurdles to get over since the 1950's. In 1958 the proportion of women attending college in comparison with men was 35 percent. (Friedan,